Enhanced performance of alkali-modified Bi2WO6/Bi0.15Ti0.85O2 toward photocatalytic oxidation of HCHO under visible light

Environmental Science and Pollution Research - Photocatalytic oxidation of formaldehyde (HCHO) is considered as one of the promising ways to resolve indoor air HCHO pollution. TiO2 has been well...     

Does underweight amplify the relationship between short-term particulate matter exposure and blood pressure in children and adolescents: a large cross-sectional study in a metropolis of China

Environmental Science and Pollution Research - Overweight/obesity modified the effects of ambient particulate matter (PM) exposure on blood pressure (BP). This study aims to assess whether...     

China’s industrial gray water footprint assessment and implications for investment in industrial wastewater treatment

Industrial wastewater is the largest contributor of toxic pollutants and third-largest contributor of nutrients to bodies of water in China, and understanding the characteristics of such pollution is important for water pollution control. In this study, the industrial gray water footprint (GWF) of each industry sector in China’s 31 provinces in 2015 was calculated to identify the pollution characteristics of industrial wastewater discharge and determine how to efficiently allocate investment to pollution reduction. We show that the total industrial GWF of China was 300 billion m³ in 2015 and that the major pollutants were petroleum pollutant (PP), ammonia nitrogen (NH₃-N), volatile phenol (VP), and chemical oxygen demand (COD). The water pollution level (WPL) was higher than 1 in Ningxia, Shanxi, Hebei, Tianjin, Shanghai, Henan, and Shandong, indicating that industrial pollution exceeded the carrying capacity of local water bodies in these seven regions. Given equivalent total investment, a scenario that takes the total reduction of the industrial GWF weighted by the WPL in each region as the investment target can better allocate funds to control industrial wastewater pollution in regions with high WPLs relative to a scenario in which investment targets the reduction of the unweighted total industrial GWF. For further industrial GWF reduction in regions with high WPLs, it is crucial to adjust the industrial structure and to upgrade relevant technologies.

     

Removal of dye using peroxidase-immobilized Buckypaper/polyvinyl alcohol membrane in a multi-stage filtration column via RSM and ANFIS

Environmental Science and Pollution Research - The feasibility and performance of Jicama peroxidase (JP) immobilized Buckypaper/polyvinyl alcohol (BP/PVA) membrane for methylene blue (MB) dye...     

MATLAB在储罐区蒸气云爆炸分析中的运用

针对储罐区蒸气云爆炸事故,通过建立蒸气云爆炸模型和运用MATLAB程序分析事故后果,得出了死亡、重伤、轻伤的区域半径,进而对伤害区域进行了划分,并将结果以图形的形式呈现,有利于安全人员直观地判断和分析事故后果.同时,借助MATLAB程序使整个分析过程更加简洁高效,有利于制定相应的预防和应急措施.     

基于CFD的井喷失控喷射火温度场和辐射场模拟仿真

采用CFD方法研究了井喷失控喷射火,阐述了模拟仿真所需的定解条件,论述了模拟仿真采用的数值计算方法,通过模拟仿真得出了井喷失控喷射火温度场和热辐射场的分布规律.结论表明采用CFD方法研究井喷失控喷射火是切实可行的.     

Exploration and exploitation of food sources by social insect colonies: a revision of the scout-recruit concept

Social insect colonies need to explore and exploit multiple food sources simultaneously and efficiently. At the individual level, this colony-level behaviour has been thought to be taken care of by two types of individual: scouts that independently search for food, and recruits that are directed by nest mates to a food source. However, recent analyses show that this strict division of labour between scouts and recruits is untenable. Therefore, a modified concept is presented here that comprises the possible behavioural states of an individual forager (novice forager, scout, recruit, employed forager, unemployed experienced forager, inspector and reactivated forager) and the transitions between them. The available empirical data are reviewed in the light of both the old and the new concept, and probabilities for the different transitions are derived for the case of the honey-bee. The modified concept distinguishes three types of foragers that may be involved in the exploration behaviour of the colony: novice bees that become scouts, unemployed experienced bees that scout, and lost recruits, i.e. bees that discover a food source other than the one to which they were directed to by their nest mates. An advantage of the modified concept is that it allows for a better comparison of studies investigating the different roles performed by social insect foragers during their individual foraging histories. Received: 29 December 1999 / Revised: 25 February 2000 / Accepted: 16 October 2000     

Characteristics of penicillin bacterial residue

IMPLICATIONS: During the production of penicillin, a mass of waste bacterial residue is generated. In the past, the bacterial residues have been used for food additives. Unfortunately, doubts of their suitability as a feedstock have been raised because of the small amount of antibiotics and the degradation products remaining in the bacterial residues. So, penicillin bacterial residue is one of the hazardous wastes. Therefore, penicillin bacterial residue should be managed in accordance with the hazardous waste. To get a right method, the penicillin bacterial residue was characterized.     

Fe2+/活性炭非均相Fenton试剂氧化法降解苯酚

采用Fe2+/活性炭非均相Fenton试剂催化处理高浓度模拟苯酚废水.以体积分数为40％的硫酸对颗粒活性炭进行预处理后加入质量分数为10％的硫酸亚铁溶液,制备Fe2+/活性炭.在非均相Fenton试剂氧化体系中,Fe2+/活性炭初次使用时,苯酚去除率为92％;连续重复使用5次,苯酚去除率仍可达53％.     

Adsorption characteristics of Cu2+ and Zn2+ from aqueous solution using carbonized food waste

The aim of the present study was to analytically provide adsorption characteristics of Cu²⁺ and Zn²⁺ using carbonized food waste (CFW); more specifically, batch tests were conducted using various concentrations of metal ions, contact times, and initial pH levels in an attempt to understand the adsorption removal of heavy metal ions in aqueous solution at concentrations ranging between 50 and 800 mg/l. The results confirmed that the adsorption equilibrium was established within a maximum of 80 min, and the maximum concentrations for adsorption of Cu²⁺ and Zn²⁺ were 28.3 and 23.5 mg/g, respectively. These adsorption levels indicate that CFW has better performance than many other adsorbents. In experiments using different pH conditions, the applicability to acid wastewater was found to be high, and an excellent adsorption removal ratio of 75%–90% was observed under acid conditions at pH 2–4. Furthermore, as the adsorption time increased, the calcium component in the CFW began to leach into the aqueous solution and raise the pH, accordingly causing the removal of heavy metal ions partially as a result of precipitation. When our results were analyzed using the Langmuir model and the Freundlich model for isothermal adsorptivity, the activity of CFW in this study was shown to be more consistent with the former; the adsorption speed of Cu²⁺ and Zn²⁺ according to a pseudosecond-order reaction model was found to be very fast for an initial concentration of not more than 100 mg/l. In a test in which an attempt was made to compare adsorption capacity values obtained from the experiments in this study with the aforementioned three models, the pseudosecond-order reaction model was found to provide results closest to the actual values.