近10年四川省碳排放特征分析

本文基于一次能源消费的统计数据,计算了四川省2000～2009年的碳排放总量、人均碳排放量和碳排放强度。结果表明:2000～2009年四川省能源消费总量、碳排放总量和人均碳排放量均呈显著上升趋势;第二产业碳排放量的比重最大,并且增大趋势明显;2000～2009年四川省碳排放强度年平均下降率小于国内生产总值的年平均增长率,未能实现二氧化碳的绝对减排。     

神经网络模型在北海市空气日报污染指数计算中的应用

根据空气质量日报的实际需要,引入了Excel软件神经网络技术建立空气质量日报污染指数计算模型,采用LM算法提高了计算精度,并将模型应用于北海市空气日报。结果表明:此法较之实际公式计算法更加快捷方便,并且计算结果相当吻合。     

应用反渗透技术处理垃圾填埋场渗滤液

垃圾填埋场渗滤液属于高浓度氨氮废水,其水量、水质特性变化大,成分复杂,因此较难处理。反渗透分离技术能有效截留垃圾渗滤液中溶解态的有机和无机污染物。采用三级反渗透处理垃圾渗滤液工艺处理后的出水水质,能够满足《生活垃圾填埋污染控制标准》（DB16889-2008）要求,并把渗滤液浓缩液回灌于填埋场。     

红斑顠体虫在活性污泥中的生长特性研究

以活性污泥为研究对象,研究了污泥中红斑顠体虫的生长情况以及红斑顠体虫对污泥减量的影响.结果表明:(1)红斑顠体虫的培养温度应该保持在20℃以上.在低污泥负荷(F/M) (＜0.4 mg/(mg·d))下,红斑顠体虫均能大量出现.(2)当温度大于20℃、红斑顠体虫处于生长期的活性污泥浓度(MLSS)＞3.0 g/L时,红...     

甲基红在壳聚糖上吸附富集的研究

研究了pH、初始浓度、时间及温度对甲基红在壳聚糖上吸附富集的影响。结果表明,pH是影响甲基红吸附富集的重要因素,最佳pH3．4。其动力学行为更好地符合Lagergren准二级反应动力学模型,随着温度增加,平衡吸附量减少。吸附过程的表观活化能（Ea）为7．518kJ／mol。壳聚糖对甲基红的吸附过程较好地符合Freundlich吸附等温方程。计算得到吸附过程的热力学参数△G0、△H0。和△S0分别为-24．88kJ／mol（303K）、-22．15kJ／mol和8．783J／（mol·K）,表明壳聚糖对甲基红的吸附是一个自发的放热过程。红外光谱分析得到,壳聚糖吸附甲基红的过程中,壳聚糖分子中存在的大量羟基和氨基发挥了主要作用。     

Fe2+/活性炭非均相Fenton试剂氧化法降解苯酚

采用Fe2+/活性炭非均相Fenton试剂催化处理高浓度模拟苯酚废水.以体积分数为40％的硫酸对颗粒活性炭进行预处理后加入质量分数为10％的硫酸亚铁溶液,制备Fe2+/活性炭.在非均相Fenton试剂氧化体系中,Fe2+/活性炭初次使用时,苯酚去除率为92％;连续重复使用5次,苯酚去除率仍可达53％.     

泥石流V型排导槽防淤设计方法及其应用研究

排导槽是泥石流治理常用的工程措施,泥石流若在槽内淤积,将极大影响排导槽防治效果。目前国内现行规范中没有关于排导槽淤积情况计算的相关条款,导致排导槽被泥石流淤埋的工程事故时有发生。鉴于此,分析了排导槽淤堵的常见原因,对现有的一些排导槽淤积验算公式进行了分析和整理,提出了一套基于槽宽验算、槽内泥深及流速验算等公式的排导槽防淤设计验算方法。该方法在雅(安)泸(沽)高速公路沿线某泥石流沟V型排导槽淤埋事故的处理中进行了应用,重建的排导槽经受了2011年6月17日特大暴雨形成的泥石流的考验,说明该方法实施效果良好,可供相关研究与设计参考。     

Microbial structure and chemical components of aerosols caused by rotating brushes in a wastewater treatment plant

Purpose

Bacterial community structure and the chemical components in aerosols caused by rotating brushes in an Orbal oxidation ditch were assessed in a Beijing municipal wastewater treatment plant.

Methods

Air samples were collected at different distances from the aerosol-generating rotating brushes. Molecular culture-independent methods were used to characterize the community structure of the airborne bacteria in each sample regardless of cell culturability. A clone library of 16S rDNA directly amplified from air DNA of each sample was constructed and sequenced to analyze the community composition and diversity. Insoluble particles and water-soluble ions emitted with microorganisms in aerosols were analysis by a scanning electron microscope together with energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy and ion chromatogram analyzer.

Results

In total, most of the identified bacteria were Proteobacteria. The majority of sequences near the rotating brushes (the main source of the bioaerosols) were Proteobacteria (62.97 %) with ??-(18.52 %) and ??-(44.45?%) subgroups and Bacteroidetes (29.63 %). Complex patterns were observed for each sampling location, suggesting a highly diverse community structure, comparable to that found in water in the Orbal oxidation ditch. Accompany with microorganisms, 46.36???g/m³ of SO ₄ ^2? , 29.35???g/m³ of Cl^?, 21.51???g/m³ of NO ₃ ^? , 19.76???g/m³ of NH ₄ ⁺ , 11.42???g/m³ of PO ₄ ^3? , 6.18???g/m³ of NO ₂ ^? , and elements of Mg, Cl, K, Na, Fe, S, and P were detected from the air near the aerosols source.

Conclusions

Differences in the structure of the bacterial communities and chemical components in the aerosols observed between sampling sites indicated important site-related variability. The composition of microorganisms in water was one of the most important sources of bacterial communities in bioaerosols. Chemical components in bioaerosols may provide a media for airborne microorganism attachment, as well as a suitable microenvironment for their growth and survival in the air. This study will be benefit for the formulation of pollution standards, especially for aerosols, that take into account plant workers?? health.     

Characteristics of penicillin bacterial residue

IMPLICATIONS: During the production of penicillin, a mass of waste bacterial residue is generated. In the past, the bacterial residues have been used for food additives. Unfortunately, doubts of their suitability as a feedstock have been raised because of the small amount of antibiotics and the degradation products remaining in the bacterial residues. So, penicillin bacterial residue is one of the hazardous wastes. Therefore, penicillin bacterial residue should be managed in accordance with the hazardous waste. To get a right method, the penicillin bacterial residue was characterized.     

大型水生植物对骆马湖氮、磷元素的影响

对骆马湖有草区和无草区水体和沉积物中氮、磷元素含量分析,结果表明:无草区水体中总氮、总磷含量高于有草区;有草区表层沉积物总氮含量随时间变化明显,而无草区表层沉积物总氮含量随时间的变化很小;有草区与无草区表层沉积物中总磷含量的时间变化并无明显差异;有草区表层沉积物总氮含量基本上均高于无草区,而有草区表层沉积物总磷含量均要低于无草区。骆马湖有草区与无草区采样点沉积物碱性磷酸酶活性大小在58.41～315.07 mg/(kg.h)范围内变化,有草区的碱性磷酸酶的活性普遍低于无草区的碱性磷酸酶活性。在湖泊中种植大型水生植物确实可以减少水体污染,达到净化水质的目的。