Distribution and seasonal variation of estrogenic endocrine disrupting compounds, N-nitrosodimethylamine, and N-nitrosodimethylamine formation potential in the Huangpu River, China

Detection of estrogenic endocrine disrupting compounds(EDCs) and N-nitrosodimethylamine(NDMA) in drinking water has led to rising concerns. There are, however, a paucity of studies on the distribution and seasonal variation of NDMA and NDMA formation potential(NDMA-FP) in natural waters, especially in China. For EDCs, limited studies have investigated the distribution and seasonal variation of estrone(E1), 17β-estradiol(E2), estriol(E3), 17α-ethinylestradiol(EE2), technical-nonylphenols(t-NP), and bisphenol A(BPA) in Shanghai. In this study, water samples were collected from 11 sampling sites along the Huangpu River in 2012. The distribution and seasonal variation of EDCs, NDMA, and NDMA-FP were investigated. The results showed that all of the 11 sampling sites were contaminated by the target compounds. Compared with E2 and EE2, higher E1 and E3 concentrations were usually detected in the Huangpu River. The values of 17β-estradiol equivalents(EEQ) suggest a high possibility of endocrine effects on exposed organisms in the Huangpu River. NDMA-FP and t-NP were the dominant contaminants among the eight target compounds. The detection rates of the target compounds and their concentrations were both higher in dry seasons than in wet seasons. Higher concentrations of target compounds were observed in urban sampling sites near drainage outlets, and also in suburban sampling sites where intensive livestock farming and farmlands were located.     

患心血管病老年人夏季PM2.5和CO的暴露特征及评价

运用室内外环境监测与问卷调查法相结合的研究方法,对北京市某社区33名患心血管疾病的老年人夏季PM2.5、CO的暴露特征作了研究评价.结果表明,老年人夏季PM2.5、CO的24h个体平均暴露浓度分别为89.6μg/m3,1.9×10-6.PM2.5室内外浓度呈现明显的时间变化特征,并受到气象因素及室内外源排放的共同影响.对老年人群室内外与固定站点CO、PM2.5质量浓度变化的相关性分析显示,室外及固定站点的PM2.5浓度受区域污染源影响较大,CO浓度受局地源影响较大;大气PM2.5可能是影响该社区老年人健康的主要污染物.     

MSBR和滤布滤池组合工艺在中水回用中的应用

采用MSBR和滤布滤池的组合工艺处理污水,结果表明:该组合系统运行稳定,对污染物的去除效果明显,平均出水COD34.9 mg/L、BOD5 5.2 mg/L、SS 3.8 mg/L、NH4+-N 0.8 mg/L、TN 13.8 mg/L,TP 0.4 mg/L,完全满足<城市污水再生利用城市杂用水水质>(GB/T18...     

火电厂SCR脱硝工程液氨储罐泄露风险评价研究

以火电厂SCR脱硝工程氨储罐泄漏为研究对象,根据液氨的特性,对电厂液氨储罐区氨泄漏的环境风险进行了分析。通过液氨储罐泄漏扩散的过程和事故后果模式,确定了液氨储罐区的危险点;然后举例预测液氨储罐泄漏后在B、D大气稳定度下液氨扩散范围(0~1 100 m)及半致死浓度范围(0~527.6 m),提出风险防范及应急措施,为环境风险事故的应急处置提供依据,也为预防液氨泄漏事故发生和液氨泄漏事故预警提供了参考。     

有机无机肥长期配施对果园土壤碳库及温室气体排放的影响

有机肥的施用可以提高土壤总有机碳和活性有机碳含量,在改善土壤质量,提升土壤肥力方面有重要意义.设4个处理：不施肥（CK）、单施有机肥（M）、单施化肥（NPK）和有机无机肥配施（MNPK）,研究长期有机无机配施下土壤有机碳和其活性组分含量变化,分析不同施肥措施对温室气体排放的影响,并评估了土壤碳库管理指数的变化.结果表明,与CK处理相比,MNPK处理的土壤总有机碳（TOC）、微生物量碳（MBC）、可溶性有机碳（DOC）、易氧化有机碳（EOC）和颗粒有机碳（POC）含量分别增加了82.84%、66.30%、21.12%、93.28%和145.80%.NPK处理对土壤总有机碳和有机碳组分含量无显著差异.有机无机配施有利于提高土壤碳库活度指数（LI）、土壤碳库指数（CPI）和土壤碳库管理指数（CPMI）,LI和CPI的增加是CPMI增加的主要原因.相关分析表明土壤有机碳组分和CPMI与温室气体排放呈显著正相关关系;有机无机配施增加了CO₂累积排放量和增温潜势（GWP）,但却能够降低温室气体排放强度（GHGI）;MNPK处理产量最高,为56365 kg ·hm^-2,较CK处理（29073 kg ·hm^-2）提高了93.87%.因此,旱地苹果园有机无机肥配施,可促进有机碳的累积,稳定土壤碳库,更有利于果园的可持续发展.     

Carbon dioxide electroreduction into formic acid and ethylene: a review

Environmental Chemistry Letters - Climate change damage induced by growing carbon dioxide (CO2) emissions has rapidly fostered research on capturing, utilizing, and converting CO2 into valuable C1...     

山区机场高填方边坡工程实践与研究

在山区机场工程建设中,由于地形地貌的限制,高填方工程一般兼具有地形起伏较大,地质条件复杂,工程量巨大等特点,由此给山区机场带来一系列特殊性工程问题,尤其是高填方边坡工程的稳定性问题是目前机场研究的热点和难点。由于山区机场高填方边坡稳定性问题涉及影响因素较多,为便于分析,从变形机理和控制技术两方面对机场高填方边坡工程问题进行了深入研究。(1)变形机理方面,结合工程实践及对现有资料进行分析归纳,从填筑体下覆坡体结构、降雨及地下水、地震、填料特性、施工工艺等方面研究其对填方边坡稳定性的影响,重点提出了4类填筑体下覆坡体结构类型,并深入分析各类型的变形破坏特征。(2)变形控制技术方面:以"三面一体"控制论为核心,结合实例分析了土方平衡、地基处理及交接面加固、排水、支挡结构四个方面,对高填方边坡变形的控制效果。该研究可为我国山区机场高填方边坡变形机理的深入研究和控制技术的提高和改进提供参考和借鉴。     

北京西山国家森林公园中空气负离子浓度与气象因子的相关性研究

空气负离子(Negative air ions,NAI)是城市空气质量的重要指标之一,揭示城市森林释放NAI的影响机制,有助于充分利用NAI的净化作用及保健作用,并判断空气质量.利用北京西山国家森林公园2017年9月—2018年8月的NAI和气象数据,深入探究不同季节条件下和典型天气下影响空气负离子浓度(NAIC)的气...     

苦草对不同浓度氮净化效果及其形态转化规律

为研究不同营养程度下水生植物对污染物的净化效果,选择长江中下游河流和湖泊水体中典型沉水植物苦草作为研究对象,在2006-09-07～2006-09-22期间开展了7种氮浓度条件下,苦草对水体氮的净化效应及氮在植物体内累积分布规律研究,并分析了水体中氮形态的转化特征.结果表明,试验期内苦草在氮浓度低于60.0 mg/L范围内表现为对水体中氮较强的净化作用,且对总氮的净化效果具有相似的规律性.但是当水体氮浓度大于80.0 mg/L时,苦草对水体氮净化的贡献无明显的规律性.氮在植物体内的累积与水体中氮浓度相关,但其在地下部和地上部的分配规律与浓度的差异无关.水体中氮的形态转换与总氮浓度相关,水中氮浓度低于20.0 mg/L时,氨氮浓度迅速降低,但随着氮浓度的增加,氨氮所占比例明显增大,表明苦草对不同氮浓度条件氮净化具有明显的差异和影响.     

Catalytic activities of zeolite compounds for decomposing aqueous ozone

The advanced oxidation process (AOP), chemical oxidation using aqueous ozone in the presence of appropriate catalysts to generate highly reactive oxygen species, offers an attractive option for removing poorly biodegradable pollutants. Using the commercial zeolite powders with various Si/Al ratios and crystal structures, their catalytic activities for decomposing aqueous ozone were evaluated by continuously flowing ozone to water containing the zeolite powders. The hydrophilic zeolites (low Si/Al ratio) with alkali cations in the crystal structures were found to possess high catalytic activity for decomposing aqueous ozone. The hydrophobic zeolite compounds (high Si/Al ratio) were found to absorb ozone very well, but to have no catalytic activity for decomposing aqueous ozone. Their catalytic activities were also evaluated by using the fixed bed column method. When alkali cations were removed by acid rinsing or substituted by alkali-earth cations, the catalytic activities was significantly deteriorated. These results suggest that the metal cations on the crystal surface of the hydrophilic zeolite would play a key role for catalytic activity for decomposing aqueous ozone.