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11.
Sawada A Mori K Tanaka S Fukushima M Tatsumi K 《Waste management (New York, N.Y.)》2004,24(5):483-490
A new process for the removal of hexavalent chromium [Cr(VI)] contaminated soil is described. The process provides for an efficient removal of anionic chemicals from contaminated soils. Chromate anions were removed from the soil to the anodic reservoir by the moving force of electromigration. In this process, the chromate anions that accumulate in the anodic reservoir are simultaneously eliminated by using a column packed adsorbent. The adsorbent (immobilized tannin) used was chemically incorporated into cellulose. Cr(VI) was found to be adsorbed to this adsorbent efficiently. In the electrokinetic process, the pH of the aqueous solution in the anodic reservoir was decreased by the electrolysis of water. In the present study, the pH of the solution in the anodic reservoir is maintained at pH 6 by the addition of an aqueous alkaline solution during the electrokinetic process. The advantage of pH control is that it promotes the release of Cr(VI) from the soil by electromigration, thus permitting the maximum adsorption of Cr(VI) on the immobilized tannin. Simultaneous collection of Cr(VI) from the anodic reservoir leads to the protection from secondary contamination with Cr(VI). 相似文献
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Shinsuke Iijima Morito Nakamura Akira Yokoi Mitsuhiro Kubota Liwei Huang Hitoki Matsuda 《Journal of Material Cycles and Waste Management》2011,13(3):206-212
For an effective decomposition and removal of organic halogenated compounds, a packed-bed non-thermal plasma reactor with
in situ absorption of the resulting halogenated products by alkaline sorbent incorporated was proposed. In the plasma reactor,
α-Al2O3 particles of 1 and 3 mm (mean particle diameter) were packed as solid dielectric medium to enhance the plasma power density
in the reactor. Further, alkaline sorbent of Ca(OH)2 was doped onto the surface of α-Al2O3 particles, in order to remove halogenated products by in situ absorption with Ca(OH)2. A high-voltage and high-frequency pulsed power of −15 to 15 kV and 1 kHz was applied to the wire electrode of the plasma
reactor by means of a DC power source. In the present study, as the sample of an organic halogenated compound that is most
popularly used, we selected dichloromethane (CH2Cl2), and 500 ppm of the initial concentration of CH2Cl2 was fed into the reactor accompanied by air at a fixed flow rate of 500 × 10−6 m3 min−1 at room temperature. As a result, it was recognized that the amount of CH2Cl2 decomposed by non-thermal plasma in an α-Al2O3 particle bed increased with an increase in plasma input power. The ratio of decomposition of CH2Cl2 was almost 100% at 13 kV of electric power and 1 kHz frequency, and CO2, CH3Cl, COCl2, HCl, and Cl2 were observed as the major reaction products. On the other hand, when CH2Cl2 was introduced into the plasma reactor where α-Al2O3 particles doped with Ca(OH)2 were packed, the ratio of decomposition of CH2Cl2 became higher, compared to the case that α-Al2O3 particles were not doped with Ca(OH)2. Moreover, there were no halogenated by-product gases detected in the outlet gas from the reactor. As the solid reaction
products, CaClOH and Ca(ClO)2·4H2O were detected on Ca(OH)2 by X-ray diffraction. From these findings, it was recognized that CH2Cl2 was decomposed more effectively without producing unwanted harmful halogenated by-products in the proposed non-thermal plasma
reactor where α-Al2O3 particles doped with Ca(OH)2 sorbent were packed. 相似文献
14.
Jun Murotsuki MD Shigeki Uehara Kunihiro Okamura Akira Yajima Kazuhiro Murakami 《黑龙江环境通报》1994,14(7):637-639
A case of type III congenital cystic adenomatoid malformation of the lung was successfully diagnosed prenatally by fetal lung biopsy. We performed this procedure at 22 weeks of gestation, using a biopsy gun system under ultrasound guidance. The pregnancy was undisturbed by the procedure but as the condition was incompatible with life, an abortion was performed. The diagnosis was confirmed at post-mortem examination. Fetal lung biopsy appears to be a useful method for prenatal diagnosis of fetal lung disorders. 相似文献
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Evaluation of the sensitivity of marine microalgal strains to the heavy metals, Cu, As, Sb, Pb and Cd 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
The sensitivity of nine marine microalgal species (consisting of five divisions and seven genera) to the five heavy metals, Cu(II), As(V), Sb(III), Pb(II) and Cd(II) was studied by using a fluorometric growth-inhibition assay with 96-well microplates. The algal strains studied were Cylindrotheca sp. and the LPP group that respectively characterize aggregating and filamentous types, and Chlorococcum littorale, Chlorococcum sp., Isochrysis galbana, Tetraselmis tetrathele, Heterocapsa sp., Synechococcus sp. and Prasinococcus sp. for types that occur as single cells. A good linear relationship was observed between the chlorophyll a concentration and intensity of chlorophyll fluorescence (485-nm excitation filter and 645-nm emission filter) when the chlorophyll a concentration was within the range of 0.10-5.0 microg ml(-1). A starting cell concentration of 0.10 or 0.25 microg Chl a ml(-1) was therefore selected. In accordance with OECD 201 standard procedures, the IC(50) value (concentration of a metal producing 50% growth inhibition relative to the control) was determined 72 h after adding a heavy metal by using the biomass integral. The microplate toxicity test used in this study is considered to be applicable to diverse algae, not only enumerating species but also hardly enumerating ones. 相似文献
19.
Bis(methylmercuric) selenide [BMS, (CH3Hg)2Se] was obtained by the reaction of methylmercuric chloride and sodium selenite in the presence of reduced glutathione or cysteine in a reasonable yield. The reaction is simple and useful for BMS synthesis. 相似文献
20.
High-resolution modeling approach is increasingly being considered as a necessary step for improving the monitoring and predictions of regional air quality.This is especially true for highly urbanized region with complex terrain and land-use.This study uses Community Multiscale Air Quality (CMAQ) model coupled with MM5 mesoscale model for a comprehensive analysis to assess the suitability of such high-resolution modeling system in predicting ozone air quality in the complex terrains of Osaka,Japan.The 1-km and 3-km grid domains were nested inside a 9-km domain and the domain with 1-km grid covered the Osaka region.High-resolution Grid Point Value-Mesoscale Model μgPV-MSM) data were used after suitable validation.The simulated ozone concentrations were validated and evaluated using statistical metrics using performance criteria set for ozone.Daily maxima of ozone were found better simulated by the 1-km grid domain than the coarser 9-km and 3-km domains,with the maximum improvement in the mean absolute gross error about 3 ppbv.In addition,1-km grid results fared better than other grids at most of the observation stations that showed noticeable differences in gross error as well as correlation.These results amply justify the use of the integrated high-resolution MM5-CMAQ modeling system in the highly urbanized region,such as the Osaka region,which has complex terrain and land-use. 相似文献