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排序方式: 共有137条查询结果,搜索用时 46 毫秒
71.
Pérez Pastor RM García Alonso S Quejido Cabezas AJ 《Environmental monitoring and assessment》2002,75(1):35-55
Multivariate techniques have been applied to the set of dataobtained after one year sampling of volatile organic compounds(VOCs), including volatile aldehydes in the area of Madrid inorder to evaluate the possible correspondence among groups ofanalysed compounds, as far as modelling of different emissionsources in relation to location and season. The measurements were carried out at four sites in Madrid, characteristic for urban and suburban areas. Additionally, as reference, a rural area 100 km far from the city was considered. Results of correlation analysis, factor and cluster analysis are presented.Higher correlations were found between variables related withtraffic emissions. Factor analysis results showed two mainsignificant variables related to anthropogenic and biogenicemissions respectively. In relation to cluster analysis, samples were grouped according to sampling site and seasonal variations. 相似文献
72.
Collado Sergio Oulego Paula Alonso Saúl Díaz Mario 《Environmental science and pollution research international》2017,24(26):21262-21271
Environmental Science and Pollution Research - Flow cytometry has recently been presented as a research tool in the assessment of the viability/activity of activated sludge from municipal... 相似文献
73.
74.
Diseases of wildlife have significant management implications in a number of lands of the U.S. National Park Service due to increasing interactions between wildlife and domestic animals. We review the paleontology, history, and coevolution of infectious diseases in North American ungulates. We provide two examples related to bovine brucellosis in bison in Yellowstone National Park and lungworm-pneumonia complex in bighorn sheep in several western national parks. These examples illustrate the difficulty of managing wild populations and their diseases in national parks and other protected areas. In some instances, human intervention may be justifiable in order to protect native populations, domestic animals, and humans from acquiring a disease. 相似文献
75.
76.
Eric D. Crandall Rachel H. Toczydlowski Libby Liggins Ann E. Holmes Maryam Ghoojaei Michelle R. Gaither Briana E. Wham Andrea L. Pritt Cory Noble Tanner J. Anderson Randi L. Barton Justin T. Berg Sofia G. Beskid Alonso Delgado Emily Farrell Nan Himmelsbach Samantha R. Queeno Thienthanh Trinh Courtney Weyand Andrew Bentley John Deck Cynthia Riginos Gideon S. Bradburd Robert J. Toonen 《Conservation biology》2023,37(4):e14061
Genetic diversity within species represents a fundamental yet underappreciated level of biodiversity. Because genetic diversity can indicate species resilience to changing climate, its measurement is relevant to many national and global conservation policy targets. Many studies produce large amounts of genome-scale genetic diversity data for wild populations, but most (87%) do not include the associated spatial and temporal metadata necessary for them to be reused in monitoring programs or for acknowledging the sovereignty of nations or Indigenous peoples. We undertook a distributed datathon to quantify the availability of these missing metadata and to test the hypothesis that their availability decays with time. We also worked to remediate missing metadata by extracting them from associated published papers, online repositories, and direct communication with authors. Starting with 848 candidate genomic data sets (reduced representation and whole genome) from the International Nucleotide Sequence Database Collaboration, we determined that 561 contained mostly samples from wild populations. We successfully restored spatiotemporal metadata for 78% of these 561 data sets (n = 440 data sets with data on 45,105 individuals from 762 species in 17 phyla). Examining papers and online repositories was much more fruitful than contacting 351 authors, who replied to our email requests 45% of the time. Overall, 23% of our email queries to authors unearthed useful metadata. The probability of retrieving spatiotemporal metadata declined significantly as age of the data set increased. There was a 13.5% yearly decrease in metadata associated with published papers or online repositories and up to a 22% yearly decrease in metadata that were only available from authors. This rapid decay in metadata availability, mirrored in studies of other types of biological data, should motivate swift updates to data-sharing policies and researcher practices to ensure that the valuable context provided by metadata is not lost to conservation science forever. 相似文献
77.
Hany Alonso José P. Granadeiro Vitor H. Paiva Ana S. Dias Jaime A. Ramos Paulo Catry 《Marine Biology》2012,159(6):1197-1207
In pelagic seabirds, who often explore distant food resources, information is usually scarce on the level of trophic segregation
between parents and their offspring. To investigate this issue, we used GPS tracking, stable isotopes and dietary information
of Cory’s shearwaters Calonectris diomedea breeding in contrasting environments. Foraging trips at Selvagem Grande (an oceanic island) mainly targeted the distant African
coast, while at Berlenga island (located on the continental shelf), shearwaters foraged mainly over nearby shelf waters. The
degree of isotopic segregation between adults and chicks, based on δ13C, differed markedly between the two sites, indicating that adult birds at Selvagem fed their chicks with a mixture of shelf
and offshore pelagic prey but assimilated more prey captured on coastal shelf waters. Isotopic differences between age classes
at Berlenga were much smaller and may have resulted from limited dietary segregation or from age-related metabolic differences.
The diet of shearwaters was also very different between the two colonies, with offshore pelagic prey only being detected at
Selvagem Grande. Our findings suggest that spatial foraging constraints influence resource partitioning between pelagic seabirds
and their offspring and can lead to a parent–offspring dietary segregation. 相似文献
78.
Study of the contaminant transport into granite microfractures using nuclear ion beam techniques 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
Hydrated bentonite is a very plastic material and it is expected to enter in the rock microfractures at the granite/bentonite boundary of a deep geological high-level waste repository. This process is enhanced by the high swelling pressure of the clay. Since bentonite has a very good sorption capability for many radionuclides, the displacement of the clay might lead to a "clay-mediated" contaminant transport into the rock. The aim of this work is to study the contaminant transport into granite microfractures using nuclear ion beam techniques, and to determine to what extent the clay can favour it. To do so, bentonite previously doped with uranium, cesium and europium was put in contact with the surface of granite sheets. Granite sheets contacted with non-doped bentonite and with radionuclide solutions were also prepared as references. This allowed analysing the differences in the diffusion behaviour of the three systems: clay, radionuclides and clay plus radionuclides. A combination of Rutherford backscattering spectrometry (RBS) and other nuclear ion-beam techniques such as particle-induced X-ray emission (PIXE) and microPIXE was used to study the depth and lateral distribution of clay and contaminants inside granite. It was also tried to evaluate not only the diffusion depth and diffusion coefficients but also the different areas of the granite where the diffusants have a preferential access. 相似文献
79.
Hernández CM Aguila HC Asencio MD Caravaca AM 《Journal of environmental radioactivity》2004,75(2):133-142
Levels of 137Cs and 7Be in aerosols have been measured in the region of Cienfuegos (Cuba) during the period 1994-1998. 137Cs showed the same seasonal trend as 7Be and the monthly regimes of precipitation seemed to be responsible for the observed pattern. The 137Cs/7Be ratio obtained in Cienfuegos and Miami (FL) in this period was used to calibrate the long-term database of 137Cs concentrations recorded in Miami (250 km from Cienfuegos). The database was then employed to reconstruct the 137Cs monthly concentrations in Cienfuegos since 1957. 相似文献
80.
De la Torre A Alonso E Concejero MA Sanz P Martínez MA 《Waste management (New York, N.Y.)》2011,31(6):1277-1284
Presence, sources and behaviour of polybrominated diphenyl ethers (PBDEs) and polychlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxins and dibenzofurans (PCDD/Fs) were evaluated in Spanish sewage sludge. A total of 120 samples were seasonally collected from October 2005 to September 2006 at 31 urban wastewater treatment plants (WWTPs). Concentrations of PBDEs (ranging between 57.5 and 2606 ng/g dry weight) were two to three orders of magnitude higher than those obtained for PCDDs (0.17-5.03 ng/g d.w.) and PCDFs (0.05-3.07 ng/g d.w.). All the samples presented International Toxicity Equivalents (I-TEQ) levels (ranging between 2.06 and 44.4 ng/kg d.w.) below the limit values proposed by European Union for land application. Congener patterns evaluation revealed that the use of Deca-BDE commercial mixture seems to be the major source of PBDEs in the sludge. Nevertheless, origin of PCDD/Fs should be related to atmospheric deposition, faeces and presence of PCDD/Fs precursors such as pentachlorophenol in the sludge. No correlations (p > 0.05) were found between pollutant concentrations (PBDEs and PCDD/Fs) and wastewater treatment plant (WWTP) characteristics (capacity nor sludge rate). Lower levels of PBDEs and PCDFs were found in WWTPs using biological nitrogen and phosphorous elimination, suggesting that these compounds are susceptible of microbial elimination. According to our knowledge, this is the first work comparing together both PBDEs and PCDD/Fs sludge patterns. 相似文献