北京市区及郊区大气中的汞沉降的估算

以Throughfall法估算出北京市1996年大气汞干沉降率为528．88μg.m^2.a^-1，以沉降速率估算出1998年北京市汞的年沉降量为687．5μg.m^-2.a^-1。     

复合氧化物用于汽车排气催化氧化的实验研究

本文制备出一种非贵金属复合氧化物催化剂 ,可用于治理汽车排气中的 CO和 HC,初步研究了其对 CO和 C3 H6的催化氧化效果 ,实验结果表明 ,该催化剂具有较好的催化氧化能力     

Bimetallic nickel molybdate supported Pt catalyst for efficient removal of formaldehyde at low temperature

Efficient removal of formaldehyde from indoor environments is of significance for human health.In this work,a typical binary transition metal oxide that could provide various oxidation states,β-NiMoO_4,was employed as a support to immobilize the active Pt component(Pt/NiMoO_4) for catalytic formaldehyde elimination at low ambient temperature(15℃).The results showed that the hydrothermal preparation temperature and time had a noticeable impact on the morphology and catalytic activity of the samples.The catalyst prepared with hydrothermal temperature of 150℃ for 4 hr(Pt-150-4) exhibited superior catalytic activity and stability mainly due to its distinctly porous structure,relative abundance of adsorbed surface hydroxyls/water,and high oxidation ability,which resulted from the interaction of Pt with Ni and Mo of the bimetallic NiMoO_4 support.Our results might shed light on the rational design of multifunctional catalysts for removal of indoor air pollutants at low ambient temperature.     

Assessment of the cytotoxic and mutagenic potential of the Jialu River and adjacent groundwater using human-hamster hybrid cells

The Jialu River in China has been seriously polluted by the direct discharge of industrial and domestic wastewater. The predominant contaminants of the Jialu River and its adjacent groundwater were recently investigated. However, the potential genotoxic impact of polluted water on human health remains to be clarified. Here, we used human–hamster hybrid(A_L) cells, which are sensitive for detecting environmental mutagens. We found that the cytotoxicity and mutagenicity of the groundwater in the Jialu River basin were influenced by the infiltration of the Jialu River. Hydrological periods significantly affected the cytotoxicity, but not the mutagenic potential, of surface and groundwater. Further, the mutagenic potential of groundwater samples located 1 km from the Jialu River(S_(M-2) water samples) was detected earlier than that of groundwater samples located approximately 20 km from the Jialu River(S_N water samples). Because of high cytotoxicity, the mutagenic potential of water samples from the Jialu River(S_(M-1) water samples) was not significantly enhanced compared with that of untreated controls. To further assess the mutagenic dispersion potential, an artificial neural network model was adopted. The results showed that the highest mutagenic potential of groundwater was observed approximately 10 km from the Jialu River. Although further investigation of mutagenic spatial dispersion is required, our data are significant for advancing our understanding of the origin, dispersion,and biological effects of water samples from polluted areas.     

试论宗教禁忌与海外石油石化项目HSSE管理

分析了中国石油石化海外项目所在地区宗教禁忌,总结海外项目HSSE管理的经验,对可能遇到的宗教禁忌冲突提出对策。     

应急管理的机理体系

1 应急管理的主体与客体 　　突发事件应急管理是管理主体对突发事件的介入和应对行动.因此,我们首先需要对应急管理中的突发事件和管理者这两个因素进行全面的研究分析,把它作为研究突发事件应急管理的起点,从而明确突发事件的发生、发展及演化等机理,并根据事件机理和环境来确定应急处置重点.……     

大气中多环芳烃气/粒分配的不确定性分析

于2010年8月10～14日用双层石英膜和双层聚氨酯泡沫（PUF）的方法采集并分析了厦门大学海洋楼顶大气中气态和颗粒态多环芳烃（PAHs）,并采用标准误差传递方法对气/粒分配系数（K_p）的不确定度进行了分析.测量结果显示,低分子量PAHs如萘、 苊、 二氢苊和芴在PUF吸附体系中的穿透能力最强,穿透率接近50％;如考虑第一层石英滤膜对气态萘、 苊和二氢苊的吸附影响,则校正后的K_p值比校正前相应的K_p值低1个数量级以上.采用标准误差传递方法得到PAHs气/粒分配系数K_p的不确定度,介于28.14%～50.37%之间,且表现为易挥发和难挥发性PAHs的K_p值皆具有较高的不确定度,而半挥发性PAHs的K_p值的不确定度则较小.K_p值的不确定度来源分析显示,气态PAHs浓度的不确定度的影响最大（方差贡献均值=77.9％）,其次为颗粒态PAHs浓度的不确定度（方差贡献均值=22.0％）,大气颗粒物浓度的不确定度影响最小（方差贡献均值=0.1％）.因此,选择合适的采样系统以获取更加准确的气态PAHs的浓度,是提高PAHs气/粒分配系数准确度的关键.     

日本低碳物流业崛起之动因分析

日本低碳物流业在本国经济低迷中崛起,其动因在于政策扶持和法律制约并用、产业转型与技术支撑互动、竞争与监督相结合等举措的综合运用。其经验对我国低碳物流业的发展或有一定的参考价值。     

石化装置火灾扑救初探

结合石化企业火灾的特点,阐述了石化装置中塔釜容器类、加热炉、框架区、油罐、液化气储罐等典型火灾扑救的安全要点。     

鸡粪/木屑强制通风堆肥的研究

在鸡粪与木屑的体积配比为3:2的情况下,采用强制通风堆肥工艺考察了堆肥产品的物理化学特征和生物学特征的变化。研究结果表明,堆肥的第2天就达到高温阶段(≥55℃)并能保持5d以上,局部温度达71℃,大肠杆菌由最初时的2.8×1010CFU/g降到试验结束时的1.8×102CFU/g。堆体温度的变化引起了细菌、真菌和放线菌数量发生变化。堆肥过程中有机质、C/N比、含水率、NH4+-N明显下降,而NO3——N的含量成上升趋势。pH在第1周内升高8.45,随后逐渐降低到7.22。在第43天堆肥产品的水芹种子发芽指数达到了92.2%,堆肥产品已经达到腐熟。