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751.
Soraya María Ruiz Peñalver Mercedes Rodríguez Molina José Antonio Camacho Ballesta 《Waste management (New York, N.Y.)》2014,34(1):3-11
The paper industry has a relatively high degree of reliance on suppliers when compared to other industries. Exploring the role of the paper industry in terms of consumption of intermediate inputs from other industries may help to understand how the production of paper does not only generate waste by itself but also affects the amount of waste generated by other industries. The product Life Cycle Assessment (LCA) is a useful analytical tool to examine and assess environmental impacts over the entire life cycle of a product “from cradle to grave” but it is costly and time intensive. In contrast, Economic Input Output Life Cycle Assessment Models (IO-LCA) that combine LCA with Input–Output analysis (IO) are more accurate and less expensive, as they employ publicly available data. This paper represents one of the first Spanish studies aimed at estimating the waste generated in the production of paper by applying IO-LCA. One of the major benefits is the derivation of the contribution of direct and indirect suppliers to the paper industry. The results obtained show that there was no direct relationship between the impact on output and the impact on waste generation exerted by the paper industry. The major contributors to waste generation were the mining industry and the forestry industry. 相似文献
752.
Cynthia K. C. Araújo Gustavo R. Oliveira Nedja S. Fernandes Carmem L. P. S. Zanta Suely Souza Leal Castro Djalma R. da Silva Carlos A. Martínez-Huitle 《Environmental science and pollution research international》2014,21(16):9777-9784
In this work, the efficiency of electrochemical oxidation (EO) was investigated for removing a dye mixture containing Novacron Yellow (NY) and Remazol Red (RR) in aqueous solutions using platinum supported on titanium (Ti/Pt) as anode. Different current densities (20, 40 and 60 mA cm?2) and temperatures (25, 40 and 60 °C) were studied during electrochemical treatment. After that, the EO of each of these dyes was separately investigated. The EO of each of these dyes was performed, varying only the current density and keeping the same temperature (25 °C). The elimination of colour was monitored by UV-visible spectroscopy, and the degradation of organic compounds was analysed by means of chemical oxygen demand (COD). Data obtained from the analysis of the dye mixture showed that the EO process was effective in colour removal, in which more than 90 % was removed. In the case of COD removal, the application of a current density greater than 40 mA cm?2 favoured the oxygen evolution reaction, and no complete oxidation was achieved. Regarding the analysis of individual anodic oxidation dyes, it was appreciated that the data for the NY were very close to the results obtained for the oxidation of the dye mixture while the RR dye achieved higher colour removal but lower COD elimination. These results suggest that the oxidation efficiency is dependent on the nature of the organic molecule, and it was confirmed by the intermediates identified. Figure
Chemical structures of a NY and b RR 相似文献
753.
Perez-Perez E Rodríguez-Malaver AJ 《Journal of environmental biology / Academy of Environmental Biology, India》2005,26(3):603-608
The effect of Kraft black liquor on the lipid peroxidation of rat homogenates was examined. The lipid peroxidation of homogenates from different organs (kidney, brain, lung, and liver) was induced by Fenton's reagent. The products of lipid peroxidation, lipid hydroperoxides and TBARS were measured by FOX method and TBA assay, respectively. It was found that black liquor significantly reduced the concentration of TBARS, but not the concentration of lipid hydroperoxides. This inhibition was directly proportional to the concentration of Kraft black liquor and the incubation temperature. Conclusively, the black liquor from pulp and paper industry exhibited an antioxidant activity. 相似文献
754.
Antonio C. Allem 《The Environmentalist》1997,17(1):7-10
Roadside habitats in Brazil have been and remain major suppliers of biological diversity and plant genetic resources to society. If the ultimate demise of these habitats is to be avoided, their inclusion in conservation policy planning is mandatory. 相似文献
755.
Francesca Pennino Antonio Nardone Paolo Montuori Sara Aurino Ida Torre Andrea Battistone Roberto Delogu Gabriele Buttinelli Stefano Fiore Concetta Amato Maria Triassi 《Food and environmental virology》2018,10(2):187-192
Human enteroviruses (HEVs) occur in high concentrations in wastewater and can contaminate receiving environmental waters, constituting a major cause of acute waterborne disease worldwide. In this study, we investigated the relative abundance, occurrence, and seasonal distribution of polio and other enteroviruses at three wastewater treatment plants (WWTPs) in Naples, Southern Italy, from January 2010 to December 2014. Influent and effluent samples from the three WWTPs were collected monthly. One hundred and sixty-one of the 731 wastewater samples collected (22.0%) before and after water treatment were CPE positive on RD cells; while no samples were positive on L20B cells from any WWTPs. Among the 140 non-polio enterovirus isolated from inlet sewage, 69.3% were Coxsackieviruses type B and 30.7% were Echoviruses. Among these, CVB3 and CVB5 were most prevalent, followed by CVB4 and Echo6. The twenty-one samples tested after treatment contained 6 CVB4, 5 CVB3, 3 Echo11, and 2 Echo6; while other serotypes were isolated less frequently. Data on viral detection in treated effluents of WWTPs confirmed the potential environmental contamination by HEVs and could be useful to establish standards for policies on wastewater management. 相似文献
756.
Celina M. Junges Eduardo E. Vidal Andrés M. Attademo Melisa L. Mariani Leandro Cardell Antonio C. Negro 《Journal of environmental science and health. Part. B》2013,48(3):163-170
The H2O2/UVC process was applied to the photodegradation of a commercial formulation of glyphosate in water. Two organisms (Vibrio fischeri bacteria and Rhinella arenarum tadpoles) were used to investigate the toxicity of glyphosate in samples M1, M2, and M3 following different photodegradation reaction times (120, 240 and 360 min, respectively) that had differing amounts of residual H2O2. Subsamples of M1, M2, and M3 were then used to create samples M1,E, M2,E and M3,E in which the H2O2 had been removed. Acetylcholinesterase (AChE) and butyrylcholinesterase (BChE) activities were measured in tadpoles to determine possible sub-lethal effects. In V. fischeri, M1,E, which was collected early in the photodegradation process, caused 52% inhibition, while M3,E, which was collected at the end of the photodegradation process, caused only 17% inhibition. Survival of tadpoles was 100% in samples M2, M3, and in M1,E, M2,E and M3,E. The lowest percentages of enzymatic inhibition were observed in samples without removal of H2O2: 13.96% (AChE) and 16% (BChE) for M2, and 24.12% (AChE) and 13.83% (BChE) for M3. These results show the efficiency of the H2O2/UVC process in reducing the toxicity of water or wastewater polluted by commercial formulations of glyphosate. According to the ecotoxicity assays, the conditions corresponding to M2 (11 ± 1 mg a.e. L?1 glyphosate and 11 ± 1 mg L?1 H2O2) could be used as a final point for glyphosate treatment with the H2O2/UV process. 相似文献
757.
758.
Kavita Miadaira Hamza Denise de Abreu Sofiatti Dalmarco Fernando Antonio de Melo Pereira 《Journal of Environmental Planning and Management》2018,61(9):1553-1569
Brazil is a vast country and there are several scientific studies reporting sustainable behavior in its different regions. Since methodologies used in these studies differ from one another, it is hard to compare them. This paper aims to identify whether differences in sustainable behavior occur in different Brazilian regions and what differences can be identified. Through a web survey, we analyzed data from 1,489 participants, from four different regions. We identified two factors (behavior and search for information), and analyzed the differences through multivariate analysis of variance. The Northeast region had a higher score for “search for information”, while Southern regions performed better on “behavior.” The Midwest region had the worst performance for both factors. The reasons for such differences may be greatly influenced by the social/cultural context of each region. The results also show that consumers still do not use their power of choice to pressure companies to become more sustainable. 相似文献
759.
760.
The Barigui River watershed is located in the metropolitan region of Curitiba, southern Brazil, passing through several neighboring counties. In recent years, due to growth and disorderly occupation along the river, in addition to lack of sanitation, the Basin suffered a very large inflow of untreated domestic sewage. Current programs to monitor the watershed use traditional physical-chemical parameters and generally the analysis is performed only with water samples. This study analyzes the presence of fecal sterols in sediment samples. Sediment samples were collected from six points along the river and the stanols were extracted, purified and analyzed by GC-MS. Eight compounds were analyzed, among sterols and ketones. The presence of coprostanol was also identified. Coprostanol is a stanol containing a large amount in human feces. It is found near sources of pollution and can be associated with contamination by domestic sewage. The results showed high concentrations of coprostanol, ranging from 0.25 to 196 mug g( - 1). The ratio of coprostanol and epicoprostanol, was below 0.20 at most stations, indicating that the sewage discharged into the river does not undergo prior treatment. Contamination by untreated sewage was also confirmed by ratios of isomeric forms of sterols and ketones 5beta/(5beta + 5alpha). 相似文献