The impact of different voltage application modes on biodegradation of chloramphenicol and shift of microbial community structure

● Presented coupled system enhanced biodegradation of antibiotic chloramphenicol. ● HRT and electrical stimulation modes were key influencing factors. ● Electrical stimulation had little effect on the chloramphenicol metabolic pathway. ● Microbial community structure varied with the voltage application mode. Exoelectrogenic biofilms have received considerable attention for their ability to enhance electron transfer between contaminants and electrodes in bioelectrochemical systems. In this study, we constructed anaerobic-aerobic-coupled upflow bioelectrochemical reactors (AO-UBERs) with different voltage application modes, voltages and hydraulic retention times (HRTs). In addition, we evaluated their capacity to remove chloramphenicol (CAP). AO-UBER can effectively mineralize CAP and its metabolites through electrical stimulation when an appropriate voltage is applied. The CAP removal efficiencies were ~81.1%±6.1% (intermittent voltage application mode) and 75.2%±4.6% (continuous voltage application mode) under 0.5 V supply voltage, which were ~21.5% and 15.6% greater than those in the control system without voltage applied, respectively. The removal efficiency is mainly attributed to the anaerobic chamber. High-throughput sequencing combined with catabolic pathway analysis indicated that electrical stimulation selectively enriched Megasphaera, Janthinobacterium, Pseudomonas, Emticicia, Zoogloea, Cloacibacterium and Cetobacterium, which are capable of denitrification, dechlorination and benzene ring cleavage, respectively. This study shows that under the intermittent voltage application mode, AO-UBERs are highly promising for treating antibiotic-contaminated wastewater.     

Efficient degradation of semi-coking wastewater in three-dimensional electro-Fenton by CuFe2O4 heterocatalyst

Semi-coking wastewater contains a rich source of toxic and refractory compounds. Three-dimensional electro-Fenton (3D/EF) process used CuFe₂O₄ as heterocatalyst and activated carbon (AC) as particle electrode was constructed for degrading semi-coking wastewater greenly and efficiently. CuFe₂O₄ nanoparticles were prepared by coprecipitation method and characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and energy disperse spectroscopy (EDS). Factors like dosage of CuFe₂O₄, applied voltage, dosage of AC and pH, which effect COD removal rate of semi-coking waste water were studied. The results showed that COD removal rate reached to 80.9% by 3D/EF process at the optimum condition: 4 V, 0.3 g of CuFe₂O₄, 1 g of AC and pH?=?3. Trapping experiment suggesting that hydroxyl radical (?OH) is the main active radical. The surface composition and chemical states of the fresh and used CuFe₂O₄ were analyzed by XPS indicating that Fe, Cu, and O species are involved into the 3D/EF process. Additionally, anode oxidation and the adsorption and catalysis of AC are also contributed to the bleaching of semi-coking waste water. The possible mechanisms of 3D/EF for degrading semi-coking waste water by CuFe₂O₄ heterocatalyst were proposed.

     

Urinary concentrations of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon and phthalate metabolite mixtures in relation to semen quality among men attending an infertility clinic

Environmental Science and Pollution Research - Previous studies have reported that exposure to phthalates and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) is individually associated with altered semen...     

中国固体废物监测技术问题分析及对策

从样品采集和制备、样品前处理、分析测试方法方面对固体废物监测现状进行分析,对现有分析方法标准进行梳理和总结。提出了中国固体废物监测方面存在控制标准和监测分析方法衔接不完善、部分浸出方法应用目的不明确、分析方法可比性不强或缺乏操作性、质量控制手段单一及监测技术水平不高等问题。针对存在的问题,提出梳理现有方法标准、加快标准制修订、加大对现有问题的研究力度、加强培训、提升固体废物监测能力等对策,以期推动中国固体废物监测能力的提升。     

北方典型浅水湖泊沉积物有机碳沉积特征研究—以白洋淀为例

湖泊沉积物中有机碳是全球碳库的重要组成部分,为明确浅水湖泊沉积物中有机碳的沉积特征,采集了白洋淀的沉积柱样品,利用连续提取的方法,分析了沉积物自然沉积过程中水溶性有机碳（WSOC）、热解性有机碳（THOC）、酸解性有机碳（HHOC）、碱解性有机碳（AHOC）和不溶性有机碳（WISOC）的含量变化规律、光谱组分特征及影响因素.结果显示,各有机碳组分垂直方向上含量变化规律一致,均随深度增加呈下降趋势,表层20 cm左右的沉积物中有机碳组分含量普遍较高,含量特征呈WISOC>AHOC>HHOC>THOC>WSOC.用紫外光谱的特征参数SUVA₂₅₄、SUVA₂₈₀来分析溶解性有机碳的腐殖程度和分子量大小变化规律,发现腐殖程度与分子量大小变化趋势一致,WSOC和HHOC随深度增加呈增大趋势,THOC随深度增加呈减小趋势,AHOC在0~21 cm阶段随深度逐渐下降,在21~69 cm范围随深度逐渐上升.用A₃₀₀/A₄₀₀表征 有机碳分子构成,发现THOC、HHOC主要由富里酸构成,WSOC、AHOC主要成分为胡敏酸.用A₂₅₃/A₂₀₃表征芳环取代基的种类,发现WSOC、THOC、HHOC苯环上的脂肪链发生聚合反应转化为羰基、羧基等;AHOC的芳香分子上的取代基被微生物代谢分解或转化为脂肪链.相关性分析结果显示,沉积物有机碳及其各组分之间均呈显著正相关,沉积物中的有机碳组分在沉积过程中受到类似的矿化分解作用,且有机碳及其组分含量与C/N值、pH值呈显著负相关.研究成果揭示了白洋淀区域沉积环境中有机碳组分的分布及部分转化规律,可为进一步明确浅水 湖泊的碳源-汇的转换关系结构提供数据支持.     

村镇简易隔震支座数值模拟及施工应用

为改变农村建筑隔震技术的落后性,对现有技术成熟的橡胶隔震支座的尺寸和形状进行改良,板材依旧使用钢板,使其在满足农村建筑隔震要求的同时也兼顾工程的经济性,相较于为农村开发的纤维增强塑料板支座,这种隔震支座的理论体系和工艺更成熟,更适合大范围生产。为论证改良后的支座是否符合隔震需求,使用ABAQUS对其进行模拟,并将结果同试验结果进行对比,最后以昆明市富民县赤鹫镇项目探讨支座的可行性。经过模拟及赤鹫镇项目得出,简易隔震支座的力学性能及经济性都能满足农村建筑隔震要求,可以在广大农村地区进行推广。     

基于步降应力加速贮存试验的电缆网贮存寿命评估

目的针对某型电缆网开展加速贮存试验设计,并通过试验预测产品贮存寿命。方法基于步降应力加速贮存试验方法,结合Arrhenius模型,利用对数正态分布的极大似然估计法,对试验结果进行评估。结果根据加速贮存试验结果,在较短时间内评估得到电缆网的贮存寿命,评估得到电缆网在25℃下的平均寿命点估计值在20年以上,并获得其加速模型和加速因子。结论为电缆网贮存寿命的定量评估提供了一种参考方法,为武器装备延寿整修提供依据。     

预紧力对输电塔节点承载能力特性研究∗

为探讨风荷载作用下输电塔破坏机理,本文以实际输电塔体系为例,通过建立不同螺栓预紧力作用下输电塔节点精细化模型,用来进行输电塔的螺栓在实际工程中拧紧程度的模拟;提出了螺栓与输电塔各构件之间的非线性接触力模型,研究了风荷载作用下输电塔构件之间接触效应的精确模拟.结果 表明:随着预紧力的增大,斜材螺孔应力、节点板上相对位于斜材处螺孔应力和斜材螺栓应力逐渐增大,并基本呈线性变化;而主材螺孔应力、节点板上相对位于主材处螺孔应力和主材螺栓应力基本不变.可见随着外荷载加载比例逐渐增大,螺栓预紧力对节点承载力性能的影响逐渐减小.