河南旅游主题口号的设计分析

旅游主题口号是对旅游地形象集中提炼和浓缩后所形成的一种极富感染力、吸引力和推广力的创造性文字,是旅游地旅游业发展必不可少的内容。在河南"旅游立省"的背景下,以提升形象、带动河南旅游业跨越式新发展为目的的河南旅游主题口号的设计更需要体现河南的特色旅游资源。在形象驱动理论指导下,结合河南自身的文化底蕴、文化特质和方言因子,设计"中(zhǒng)"作为河南旅游主题口号。     

碾泥车间主厂房爆破拆除安全技术

介绍了在复杂环境下碾泥车间主厂房定向爆破拆除的成功经验.在对主厂房进行较为充分的预处理基础上,选择了合理的炸高和起爆网路,采用了可行的爆破安全技术,爆破达到了预期效果,可供类似工程参考.     

不同菌种组合对发酵残余物好氧堆肥进程及氮素变化的影响

适宜菌剂组合对于初始电导率（Electronic conductivity,EC）较高的发酵残余物二次干化腐熟效果具有重要影响。通过在发酵残余物（猪场沼渣、城市生活污泥）好氧发酵过程中添加不同菌种组合,研究堆肥腐熟指标变化,特别是不同形态氮素指标变化,以期更好提升发酵残余物的干化和腐熟程度。结果表明：F3菌剂组合处理高温期达16 d,最高温度为69.5℃,最早进入腐熟阶段,全氮损失比例最少,为8.72%;对照组在高温期（14 d、69.3℃）及全氮损失比例（9.21%）指标上仅低于F3处理组,表明自然堆体存在耐盐菌种;在促进堆肥腐熟效果方面,霉菌起着关键的作用,堆肥后期酵母菌的存在促进堆体腐熟度的提升;菌种比例和种类的合理设置对于堆体腐熟度提高的重要性要高于活菌添加量;在堆肥保氮过程中,真菌（霉菌和酵母菌）起着重要作用。F3处理（即芽孢杆菌：霉菌：酵母菌=1：2：2）,是实现发酵残余物快速高效堆肥的理想菌剂配方,其他复配菌种组合保氮效果改良侧重点各不相同。     

Gas- and particulate-phase specific tracer and toxic organic compounds in environmental tobacco smoke

Cigarette smoke constituents are worthy of concern and characterized as carcinogens. Different experiment conditions may affect the environmental tobacco smoke (ETS) constituents. A study was undertaken in a 75.5-m3 spare office to evaluate ETS constituents in a real environment. Thirty-four volatile organic compounds (VOCs) including three ETS tracers: nicotine, 2,5-dimethylfuran and 3-ethenylpyridine (3-EP), 19 carbonyl compounds, 54 semi-volatile compounds (24 polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) and 30 alkanes) as well as CO and total particulate matter (TPM) from 15 leading commercial brands were determined. ETS constituents did not increase with increasing cigarette tar. ETS tracers nicotine and 3-EP were affected greatly due to more sorption and surface reactions in real world compared to other studies conducted in chamber, which resulted in 2-5 times lower. Benzene, toluene, ethylbenzene, xylenes, acrolein, 2-butanone and the high molecular weight compounds exhibited little affect. Pearson correlation analyses show that gas-phase and particulate-phase ETS tracers did not show significant correlation, but within each homologue many of compounds correlated significantly. Indole and cholesta-3,5-diene were also detected in ETS. These results may be useful in efforts to better understand the health effect of ETS exposure and source apportionment.     

Seasonal variation on size distribution and concentration of PAHs in Guangzhou city, China

Size distribution aerosol samples were collected at an urban location of Guangzhou in four seasons of 2003-2004 by a MOUDI (Micro-orifice Uniform Deposit Impactor). The particle loading (PM10: 80-397 microg m(-3)) was comparable with some other Asia cities; however, much higher than that of Western Europe and North America. Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) were measured by gas chromatography with mass selective detector (GC-MS). Seasonal effects on the size distribution of PAHs are presented. Bimode (accumulation and coarse mode) and unimode (accumulation mode) distributions were observed for low-molecule-weight and high-molecule-weight PAHs. A slight shift to larger particles was found for the accumulation mode in autumn and winter, compared with that of spring and summer. One explanation is that the longer aging process of PAHs in autumn and winter would result in volatilization from finer particles followed by condensation onto coarser particles. Another is there was mixing process of local emission with long-range transported aerosol in autumn and winter. The relative higher value of IcdP/(BghiP+IcdP) and lower value of BghiP/BeP in winter also give evidences to the mixing process. The level of PAHs concentration has been much elevated in recent years. This can be attributed to the fast growth of motor vehicle and energy consumption.     

基于CFD的核电厂防火安全评估方法研究

目前国内核电厂普遍采用确定论方法进行防火安全评估。采用CFD模型对核电厂某典型电气间火灾发生过程进行数值模拟研究。模拟火灾行为（火势增长和蔓延）、温度场变化、烟气浓度变化等,分析结果中温度对电缆和电气设备的失效判定、烟气层对电缆和电气设备的风险影响,研究该方法对于核电厂防火安全分析的指导作用。通过分析数值模拟数据,计算结果与二代机型确定论分析方法结果相符,有效验证了CFD火灾模型在核电厂防火安全评估中的适用性,为国内自主建立核电厂火灾数值模拟评价体系提供参考。     

爆炸冲击波作用下圆形通风设施的动态破坏特性

为了研究瓦斯爆炸对通风设施造成的严重破坏及其导致的通风系统紊乱与灾情迅速扩展问题,基于LS-DYNA有限元软件,模拟研究巷道中瓦斯爆炸冲击波作用下圆形通风设施的动态破坏特性,分析应力、应变、速度、位移的动态特征及其破坏过程,并对圆形通风设施动态破坏机理进行初步探索。研究结果表明:爆炸冲击波作用下,圆形通风设施正、反面出现压应力与拉应力分布圆环,且压应力与拉应力峰值处于在外部受约束边界径向圆环附近区域与圆心位置,应变、速度和位移最大值均分布在次区域;爆炸冲击波作用下,通风设施表面形成多圈的正向和反向的应变相互交替,呈现W型的褶皱变形;爆炸冲击波作用下,环向裂纹集中在受约束的边界区域附近,发生脆性破坏,其他区域会出现较多的径向裂纹,可发生韧性破坏,整个断裂过程是脆性与韧性断裂的混合型断裂。     

基于蒙特卡洛模拟的多米诺事故风险量化管理*

为降低危化品相关的化工事故造成的人员伤亡和财产损失,以化工多米诺事故为研究对象,探讨由初始事故引发1个或多个次生事故的连锁反应机理与风险评估方法。提出应用蒙特卡洛模拟对多米诺事故风险进行动态量化的方法,梳理化工多米诺事故风险的识别、分析、评定、处理全周期管理流程,并以1个天然气压气站为案例,验证基于蒙卡模拟的化工多米诺事故风险量化方法的有效性。结果表明:该方法可以更准确地对化工多米诺事故风险进行定量评估。多米诺事故风险全周期管理流程的梳理能够有效指导化工企业开展安全管理、事故预防等工作。     

城市地下道路V形区段坡度构成对烟气扩散和重点排烟效果的影响研究*

为了研究城市地下道路V形区段坡度构成对烟气扩散和重点排烟效果的影响,采用数值模拟手段,对V形区段内变坡点两侧不同坡度构成、排烟口的开启方式对烟气扩散和重点排烟效率的影响进行研究。研究结果表明:对于对称V形区段,采用重点排烟控制烟气相对容易,但对降低排烟道下方顶棚最高温度作用有限;针对非对称V形区段,烟气的自由扩散特性与变坡点两侧坡度差有关,增加大坡度侧的排烟口数量可以提高排烟效率,但要将烟气有效地控制在较小的范围内相对困难。实际运行中,应结合坡度的实际构成和烟气控制总目标,制定相应的排烟口开启策略。     

长江经济带开发区及其产业空间格局演变研究

开发区是区域经济发展的重要引擎,优化开发区空间布局和产业结构配置对长江经济带经济协调可持续发展具有重要的现实意义.运用统计分析及地理空间分析方法,探究长江经济带省级以上开发区及其产业的空间格局演变特征,并采用多元线性回归方法探析技术密集型产业空间分布的主要影响因素.结果表明:长江江经济带开发区空间布局1992～2012年由分散"多点状"结构变为"T字型"结构,2012～2017年稳定为"网格状结构";开发区空间分布呈稳定的"西南-东北"方向,分布中心偏移特征为"东北向-正西向-东北向",2002～2012年偏移幅度最大,2012～2017年偏移幅度最小,地理空间总体呈扩张态势;开发区空间相关性总体上波动起伏,高-高集聚区域先增大再缩小;开发区产业中技术密集型产业具有绝对优势,其中以装备制造业为主,其与电子通信产业共同呈现明显的"一核多极"空间分布特征,四大行业中另外2个行业与开发区空间布局特征相一致;三大类型产业中,总体呈现为上下波动的集聚特征,只有1992年的劳动密集型产业为分散特征;城市经济环境对于开发区产业发展有正向联系,而政府引用外资存在一定的反向联系,政策因素在整个发展过程中发挥了重要的影响作用.