Best Reviewer Awards (2016)

正On behalf of Dr.X.Chris Le,the Editor-in-Chief of Journal of Environmental Sciences,we congratulate the following reviewers for frequently providing high-quality and timely reviews for Journal of Environmental Sciences.These scientists are the most deserving recipients of the Best Reviewer Awards(2016).     

晚期垃圾渗滤液短程硝化生物动力学研究

通过对亚硝化反应器中的氨氮、亚硝酸盐氮变化趋势的试验研究,认为渗滤液中存在着可以转化成氨氮的有机氮,但有机氮的转化不是在瞬时完成的。利用劳伦斯-麦卡蒂模式求得模型参数为氨氮vmax=4.67 mg/(mg.d),Ks=464.4 mg/L,Y=0.1966 mg/mg,Kd=0.55384/d,通过模型得出了反应器内生物量浓度、出流水质与污泥龄的关系,以期为实际工程中垃圾渗滤液生物脱氮提供借鉴。     

Variations in traffic-related polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in PM2.5 in Kanazawa, Japan, after the implementation of a new vehicle emission regulation

A three-year sampling campaign was conducted at a roadside air pollution monitoring station in the urban area of Kanazawa, Japan. Due to a new emission regulation, PAHs levels decreased over the sampling campaign, exhibiting values of 706 ± 413 pg/m³ in 2017, 559 ± 384 pg/m³ in 2018, and 473 ± 234 pg/m³ in 2019. In each year, similar seasonal variations in PAHs levels were observed, with higher levels observed in winter and lower levels in summer. Among the PAHs isomer ratios, we observed that the ratio of benzo[b]fluoranthene (BbF) and benzo[k]fluoranthene (BkF), [BbF]/([BbF] + [BkF]), and the ratio of indeno[1,2,3-cd]pyrene (IDP) and benzo[ghi]perylene (BgPe), [IDP]/([BgPe] + [IDP]), showed stability over the sampling campaign and were less affected by the new emission regulation, seasonal variations, and regional characteristics. When using the combined ratio ranges of 0.66 - 0.80 ([BbF]/([BbF] + [BkF]) and 0.26-0.49 ([IDP]/([BgPe] + [IDP]), traffic emissions were clearly distinguished from other PAHs emission sources. Principal component analysis (PCA) and positive matrix factorization (PMF) were also performed to further analyse the characteristics of traffic-related PAHs. Overall, this study affirmed the effectiveness of the new emission regulation in the reduction of PAHs emissions and provided a combined range for identifying PAHs traffic emission sources.     

Dust collection efficiency analysis in a two-dimensional circulating granular bed filter

Dust collection efficiency data were analyzed to determine better operating conditions for a two-dimensional circulating granular bed filter (CGBF). The dust collection efficiency in the granular bed was affected by the following operating parameters: the louver angle, the solids mass flow rate, and the particle size of the bed material. Experimental results showed that higher dust collection efficiency occurs when the solids mass flow rates were 20.34 +/- 0.24, 21.50 +/- 0.11, and 30.51 +/- 0.57 g/sec at louver angles of 45 degrees, 30 degrees, and 20 degrees, respectively. Optimal dust collection efficiency peaked with a louver angle of 30 degrees. Average particle sizes of bed material by sieve diameters (microm) of 795 microm had higher dust collection efficiency than the average collector particle size of 1500 microm. Dust collection efficiency is influenced by bed material attrition phenomenon, causing dust collection efficiency to decrease rapidly. The dust collection efficiency analysis not only found the system free of design defects but also assisted in the operation of the two-dimensional CGBF system.     

分光光度法测定降水中微量过氧化氢

研究了一种测定降水中微量过氧化氢的方法。在0.4～1.5mol／L磷酸介质中，过氧化氢与钒（V）及2－（3，5-二溴-2-吡啶偶氮）－5-二乙氨基苯酚（3,5-diBr-PADAP）反应形成一种组成比为1：1：1的蓝色三元配合物，其最大吸收波长为598nm，表现摩尔吸光系数为5.6×104L·mol-1·cm-1。过氧化氮量在2×10-7～1．3×10－5mol／L时服从比耳定律。方法简便，选择性较高，用于降水中微量过氧化氢的直接测定，结果令人满意。     

A simple effective procedure for the determination of adenosine triphosphate in soils

A simple method for the extraction and determination of adenosine 5′-triphosphate (ATP) in soil is described. ATP was extracted by stirring with dimethyl sulphoxide (DMSO), followed by adding 0.01 M trisodium phosphate (Na₃PO₄) buffer solution for a further dispersion. The ATP content was quantitatively measured by luciferin-luciferase system employing a standard addition technique. The method was most efficient in comparison with 7 other extraction procedures. The recoveries of ATP in spiked soil were found to be approximately 100 %. ATP contents in 16 selected soils were in ranges of 0.76±0.05 – 7.79±0.83 μg/g (dry weight). A significant correlation between ATP amounts and biomasses in these soils was also observed.     

废水中微量残留炸药奥克托今、黑索今测定方法的研究

含有奥克托今、黑索今的废水会对人体、动物、水生生物产生毒害作用。笔者针对含有奥克托今、黑索今的废水 ,研究了采用分光光度法同时测定废水中微量奥克托今、黑索今的原理、方法和显色反应的适宜条件。该方法不需要吸收曲线交点和等吸收点 ,具有较好的回归稳定性。采用该方法进行废水的环境监测 ,对环境治理、水质安全评价和水生生态进行综合的管理和保护将会发挥其重要作用。     

从可持续发展理论出发论温室效应与气候变暖

温室效应与气候变暖是深刻影响人类社会发展、人类生存而亟待解决的首要环境问题。在广泛调研的的基础上,从生态可持续发展角度对其进行了阐述。介绍了生态可持续发展理论、环境污染问题的严重性与全球性、近30年的地球异常气候而产生的各种恶性自然灾害、温室效应的产生和发展趋势及温室效应的防治对策。指出温室效应的防治要以生态可持续发展为着眼点,开发利用无污染能源,保护森林、增加植被,研究温室气体回收技术及不产生温室效应的原材料。     

REGIONAL DISTRIBUTION OF MAIN AGROMETEOROLOGICAL DISASTERS AND THEIR MITIGATION COUNTERMEASURES IN CHINA

Chinaisagreatagriculturalcountry .Ithasagreatpopulation ,andalsoalargedemandongrain .Agricultureistheimportantfoundationofnationaleconomy .Foralongperiodoftime ,Chinahasinsistedonbaseofagriculture ,andreformedtheruralproductiverelations ,continuouslyimprovedthebasicproductionconditionsofagriculture ,fastenedtheprogressofagriculturalscienceandtechnol ogy ,increasedtheagriculturalinput,hadtheagriculturegainednoticeableachievements.Ithasfedthepopulationthattakesthe 2 2 %ofworld’spopulationbythe…     

超声光催化降解酸性粒子元青染料的研究

对超声波作用下的纳米TiO2光催化氧化法降角酸性粒子元青染料进行了研究。结果表明，超声波的引入提高了纳米TiO2光催化降解酸性粒子元青染料的降解率；降解率受反应时间、坡声波功率、空气流量的影响；添加少量的H2O2能够明显地提高酸性粒子元青染料的降解率。