Effective degradation of tetracycline by mesoporous Bi<Subscript>2</Subscript>WO<Subscript>6</Subscript> under visible light irradiation

Bi₂WO₆ was synthesized with a hydrothermal method at different pHs and used for the degradation of tetracycline (TC) in water. The mesoporous Bi₂WO₆ prepared at pH 1 (BWO-1) displayed the highest adsorption and degradation capacity to TC due to its large surface area and more efficient capacity to separate photogenerated electrons and holes. 97% of TC at 20 mg·L^?1 was removed by BWO-1 at 0.5 g·L^?1 after 120 min irradiation under simulated solar light. Only 31% of the total organic carbon (TOC) was removed after 360 min irradiation although the TC removal reached 100%, suggesting that TC was mainly transformed to intermediate products rather than completely mineralized. The intermediates were identified by high-performance liquid chromatography-time of flight-mass spectrometry (HPLC-TOF-MS) and possible photodegradation pathways were proposed.     

基于接收信号强度分区矿山无线定位算法

针对井下工作人员的平时考勤以及发生井下事故时能够对受困人员进行及时有效的定位搜救,提出了一种接收信号强度分区（RSSP）定位算法。RSSP定位算法把井下相邻参考节点间划分为若干分区,根据井下人员（移动节点）所在巷道位置的接收信号及强度情况对其进行定位。此算法比较简单,功耗低。经过MATLAB模拟仿真,得出RSSP算法比经典的RSSI和RFID算法定位精度更高。     

复配逆胶束体系中漆酶催化性能研究

在由鼠李糖脂和Tween-80构建而成的复配逆胶束媒介研究了漆酶的催化性能.采用紫外法考察了Tween-80摩尔含量、逆胶束含水量、水相酸碱度、水相盐度以及助表面活性剂种类等反应条件对漆酶催化性能的影响.研究结果表明,反应的最佳条件:Tween-80的摩尔含量为30%,体系含水量为20,缓冲溶液pH为4.5,KCI浓度为70mmol/L,助表面活性剂正己醇.并且在最佳条件下,漆酶在复配逆胶束体系中的酶活比在单相鼠李糖脂逆胶束中高1.44倍,比在水溶液中高4.35倍,研究结果表明复配表面活性剂在构建胶束酶学上具有很大的潜力.     

邻苯二甲酸二乙基己酯对蚕豆幼苗茎和叶POD活性和MDA含量的影响

为了初步研究邻苯二甲酸二乙基己酯(Di-(2-ethylhexy)phthalate,DEHP)对植物幼苗的氧化损伤作用,采用不同浓度(0.2、2、20、200mg·kg-1(细沙))DEHP对蚕豆的根部染毒,分析了DEHP对蚕豆幼苗茎、叶中的过氧化物酶(POD)及丙二醛(MDA)含量的影响.结果表明,处理7d后,随DEHP浓度的升高,蚕豆幼苗茎、叶POD活性均呈先升高后降低趋势,较高浓度组(茎:≥2mg·kg-1;叶:≥20mg·kg-1)与对照组差异显著(p<0.05);MDA含量均呈逐渐升高趋势,较高浓度组(≥2mg·kg-1)与对照组差异显著(p<0.05或p<0.01).以上结果表明,DEHP可造成蚕豆幼苗氧化损伤.     

利用农药含钾废渣制备氯化钾

利用热解及钙盐沉淀法对农药含钾废渣进行处理,制得高纯度的KCl.通过管式炉反应器对农药含钾废渣中有机物的去除进行了研究,探讨了升温速率、热解终温、终温保持时间及空气流量对热解过程的影响,并对钙盐沉淀法除氟过程的溶液pH及m(Ca2+)∶m(F-)进行了确定.实验结果表明:当升温速率为20℃/min、热解终温为600℃、终温保持时间为90 min、空气流量为3.0m3/min时,废渣中的有机物完全分解;钙盐沉淀法除氟的最佳条件为溶液pH 8,m(Ca2+)∶m(F-)=3.0,氟离子的去除率达到98％;最终得到KCl的产率为70.6％,产品纯度为98.2％,符合国家Ⅰ级优等品标准.     

一种系统化的生产安全事故分级新方法研究

为了强化《生产安全事故报告和调查处理条例》(493号令)对事故管理及其影响评价的重要作用。笔者在论证了关于提出事故分级新方法的必要性后,在前人已有研究成果的基础上,结合生产安全事故特点,初步提出了一种基于"人员伤亡、财产损失、社会影响和环境污染"四个指标的系统化事故分级新方法。该事故分级理念及方法能更好地切合生产安全事故定义,对新时期下事故分级理念中事故影响多样性内涵的引入是一种积极和有效的探索,具有一定意义。     

乌昌石区域化石燃料固定燃烧点源大气污染物排放清单及时空分布

建立了2015年乌昌石区域化石燃料固定燃烧点源大气污染物(NO_x、SO_2、PM_(2.5)和PM_(10))的排放清单,并对污染物的时空分布特征进行了分析。结果表明,2015年乌昌石区域化石燃料固定燃烧点源NO_x、SO_2、PM_(2.5)和PM_(10)的年排放量分别为2.10×10~5、1.52×10~5、4.28×10~4、8.35×10~4 t。从行业上来看,电力生产与供应行业对NO_x、SO_2、PM_(2.5)和PM_(10)的贡献率最大,分别为70.78%、66.56%、51.10%、49.98%;从化石燃料上来看,煤炭对NO_x、SO_2、PM_(2.5)和PM_(10)的贡献率最大,分别为95.63%、99.84%、99.70%、99.84%;从锅炉类型上来看,煤粉炉对NO_x、SO_2、PM_(2.5)和PM_(10)的贡献率最大,分别为84.20%、85.09%、83.43%、84.06%。固定燃烧点源污染物排放呈现出明显的时间变化特征,采暖季污染物排放量明显高于非采暖季,一天中白天的污染物排放量高于夜晚。空间分布显示,大气污染物的排放源主要集中在乌鲁木齐市、五家渠市和昌吉市。     

Surface ozone and meteorological condition in a single year at an urban site in central–eastern China

Surface ozone and some meteorological parameters were continuously measured from June 2003 to May 2004 at urban Jinan, China. The levels and variations of surface ozone were studied and the influences of meteorological parameters on ozone were analyzed. Annual and diurnal ozone variation patterns in Jinan both show a typical pattern for polluted urban areas. Daytime ozone concentrations in summer were the highest in the four seasons. However, during nighttime from 2100 to 0600 hours ozone concentrations in spring was higher than that in summer. Daily averaged ozone showed negative correlation with pressure and relative humidity and positive correlation with temperature, total solar radiation, sunshine duration and wind speed during the study period. Further studies show that, solar radiation is a primary influence factor for the daytime variations of ozone concentrations at this site; transport of pollutants by wind could enhance the pollution at this site; precipitation has a significant influence on decreasing surface ozone. A multi-day ozone episode from 16 to 21 June 2003 was observed at this site. Surface meteorological data analysis and backward trajectory computation show that the episode is associated with the influence of typhoon Soudelor, attributing to both local photochemical processes and transport of air pollutants from southeastern coastal region, especially Yangtze River Delta region.     

Analysis of a high PM10 episode observed at a coastal site nearby Shanghai, China

A high PM₁₀ episode observed at a coastal site nearby Shanghai during 18–19 January 2007 was analyzed in this study. The maximum hourly averaged PM₁₀ concentrations for the 2 days were 0.58 and 0.62 mg/m³, respectively. The meteorological condition during the episode was favorable for air pollution with large-scale stagnation. There was no dispersing effect by high wind, no scavenging function by precipitation, and no diluting process by clean marine air during the episode. The trajectories for 16–19 January all came from the northern region and kept in low levels, and during the episode peak time, from the morning of 18 to the morning of 19 January, trajectories all came from the northern inland areas and had passed over the coastal region of Jiangsu province before arriving at the site. The variation of the air pollution indexes (APIs) in the cities located in the upwind direction of the site during the episode days clearly shows a process of large-scale air pollution from north to south. The liner correlation coefficient for PM₁₀ and SO₂ concentrations is 0.774 during the episode, while for PM₁₀ and CO, it even reaches 0.995, which indicated that the high PM₁₀ was mainly emitted from the coal burning for domestic heating in winter. Therefore, the observed episode was caused by the transport of domestic heating pollutants accumulated in the boundary layer from northern continental areas.     

Bi2WO6/UiO-66复合材料的制备与光催化性能研究

以冰乙酸作为模板剂,采用溶剂热法制备了一种Bi₂WO₆/UiO-66复合光催化剂,探究了不同UiO-66掺杂量对其光催化性能的影响,通过XRD、FTIR、SEM、N₂吸附-脱附、UV-Vis DRS、PL等手段对复合材料进行表征,以有机染料罗丹明B(RhB)作为目标降解物评价复合材料的光催化性能.结果表明,该复合材料在可见光下光催化降解RhB时具有很强的活性.经过4次循环实验,光催化剂的催化活性没有明显降低.通过自由基捕获实验证明起主要作用的活性物质为空穴(h⁺),并提出了可能的光催化降解机理为：UiO-66均匀分布在Bi₂WO₆的表面,增大了复合材料的比表面积,Bi₂WO₆光生电子转移到UiO-66的表面,降低了电子空穴复合率,h⁺则位于Bi₂WO₆表面,直接氧化有机物达到净化效果.