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191.
R. S. C. Coimbra M. S. Mascarenhas V. B. Saraiva C. R. Santos R. M. Lopes R. A. Hauser-Davis V. P. S. Oliveira M. M. Molisani M. G. Almeida C. E. Rezende C. E. V. Carvalho M. M. Oliveira 《Environmental monitoring and assessment》2018,190(9):564
Tropical coastal lagoons are highly productive environments exhibiting high biodiversity. However, the use of these ecosystems by local communities is of concern, since this generally leads to environmental degradation. The Imboassica coastal lagoon, located in Macaé city, in Northern Rio de Janeiro, is an important ecosystem in the state, however, already displaying signs of anthropogenic impacts. Carnivorous fish Hoplias malabaricus specimens were sampled from this impacted site, as well as from a reference area. Fish from Imboassica Lagoon presented lower condition factor, lower cholinesterase activity, and higher percentage of erythrocyte micronuclei when compared to fish from the reference site. Metals in fish from Imboassica Lagoon were always higher than Encantada Lagoon, with some seasonal differences, where some metals were higher in the rainy season compared to the dry season in muscle tissue, with the exception of Cu, Fe, Sr, and Zn; and in the liver, except for Ba, Cd, Cr, Ni, and Sr. Cr and Mn in the edible muscle portion of the fish were higher than the limits established by Brazilian and International legislations as permissible for human consumption, thus leading to concerns regarding public health risks for the local population that use fish as their main protein source. 相似文献
192.
Oliveira Janaína de Moura Madari Beata Emoke Carvalho Márcia Thaís de Melo Assis Paula Camylla Ramos Silveira André Luiz Rodrigues de Leles Lima Mateus Wruck Flávio Jesus Medeiros João Carlos Machado Pedro Luiz Oliveira de Almeida 《Regional Environmental Change》2018,18(1):105-116
Regional Environmental Change - Integrated farming systems (IS) are one of the main strategies of the Brazilian government to reduce or compensate for carbon emissions from agriculture with... 相似文献
193.
194.
Lemos VA Novaes Gdos S de Carvalho AL Gama EM Santos AG 《Environmental monitoring and assessment》2009,148(1-4):245-253
A simple and sensitive method was developed for determination of trace copper by direct precipitation preconcentration and detection with Flame Atomic Absorption Spectrometry (FAAS). The reagent 2-[2'-(6-methyl-benzothiazolylazo)]-4-aminophenol (Me-BTAP) was used as precipitating agent. The experimental conditions for the quantitative precipitation of copper, such as pH, amount of reagents, temperature and the effect of diverse ions on the precipitation have been investigated. It was found that copper is quantitatively extracted (> or =95%) and the method provides a sensitivity enhancement of 40-fold for a 10 ml sample volume with a detection limit of 0.5 microg l(-1). The proposed method was successfully applied for the determination of trace copper in water, urine and biological samples. 相似文献
195.
G. G. D. Silva P. J. A. Sobral R. A. Carvalho P. V. A. Bergo O. Mendieta-Taboada A. M. Q. B. Habitante 《Journal of Polymers and the Environment》2008,16(4):276-285
The aim of this work was to develop biodegradable films based on blends of gelatin and poly (vinyl alcohol) (PVA), without a plasticizer. Firstly, the effect of five types of PVA with different degree of hydrolysis (DH) on the physical properties of films elaborated with blends containing 23.1% PVA was studied. One PVA type was then chosen for the study of the effect of the PVA concentration on the mechanical properties, color, opacity, gloss, and water solubility of the films. The five types of PVA studied allowed for films with different characteristics, but with no direct relationship with the DH of the PVA. Therefore, the PVA Celvol®418 with a DH = 91.8% was chosen for the second part, because they produced films with greater tensile strength. The PVA concentration affected all studied properties of films. These results could be explained by the results of the DSC and FTIR analyses, which showed that some interactions between the gelatin and the PVA occurred depending on the PVA concentration, affecting the crystallinity of the films. 相似文献
196.
Maria T. B. Pimenta Antonio J. F. Carvalho Fabiola Vilaseca Jordi Girones Joan P. López Pere Mutjé Antonio A. S. Curvelo 《Journal of Polymers and the Environment》2008,16(1):35-39
Treated sisal fibers were used as reinforcement of polypropylene (PP) composites, with maleic anhydride-grafted PP (MAPP)
as coupling agent. The composites were made by melting processing of PP with the fiber in a heated roller followed by multiple
extrusions in a single-screw extruder. Injection molded specimens were produced for the characterization of the material.
In order to improve the adhesion between fiber and matrix and to eliminate odorous substances, sisal fibers were treated with
boiling water and with NaOH solutions at 3 and 10 wt.%. The mechanical properties of the composites were assessed by tensile,
bend and impact tests. Additionally, the morphology of the composites and the adhesion at he fiber–matrix interface were analyzed
by SEM. The fiber treatment led to very light and odorless materials, with yields of 95, 74 and 62 wt.% for treatments with
hot water, 3 and 10 wt.% soda solution respectively. Fiber treatment caused an appreciable change in fiber characteristics,
yet the mechanical properties under tensile and flexural tests were not influenced by that treatment. Only the impact strength
increased in the composites with alkali-treated sisal fibers. 相似文献
197.
Large volumes of wastewater with a high organic load are generated by the pulp and paper industry that negatively affect the quality of receiving waters. The main waste products in the pulp mill effluents are lignin derived macromolecular compounds, which are similar to natural humic substances and very resistant to wastewater treatments. Fulvic acids (FA) represent the higher percentage of these humic substances and it was observed that solar irradiation modify their properties. Several analytic tools, namely, UV–Visible, molecular fluorescence and FTIR spectroscopies, were used to assess the effect of solar exposition on fulvic acids from a kraft pulp mill effluent. It may be concluded that sun irradiation may alter to a high extent the physicochemical properties of macromolecular organic matter, namely fulvic acids, released by kraft pulp mill effluents. After solar exposition, the aromaticity decreases, the aliphatic structures become more oxygenated, and the fulvic acids from the pulp mill effluent remaining in solution are more similar to aquatic fulvic acids from non polluted sites. 相似文献
198.
Josef CF Adriano LR De França EJ Arantes de Carvalho GG Ferreira JR 《Environmental pollution (Barking, Essex : 1987)》2008,152(3):592-596
An analytical procedure for the determination of Hg in otter (Lontra longicaudis) feces was developed, to separate fish scales for the identification of the animal diet. Samples were washed with ultra-pure water and the suspension was sampled and transferred for digestion. The solubilization was performed with nitric-perchloric acid mixture, and detection carried out by the atomic fluorescence spectrometry (AFS). The quality of the analytical procedure was assessed by analyzing in-house standard solutions and certified reference materials. Total Hg concentrations were in the range of 7.6-156 ng g(-1) (July 2004), 25.6-277 ng g(-1) (January 2005) and 14.6-744 ng g(-1) (May 2005) that is approximately the same order of magnitude for all samples collected in two reservoirs at the Tiete River, Brazil. Although Hg concentrations varied with sampling periods and diet, high levels were correlated to the percentage of carnivorous fish scales present in the otter feces. 相似文献
199.
S. Castiglione V. Todeschini P. Torrigiani A. Cicatelli G. Berta G. Lingua 《Environmental pollution (Barking, Essex : 1987)》2009,157(7):2108-2117
Three ex situ collections of poplar clones from natural populations of Populus alba and P. nigra growing in northern Italy were assessed for their genetic dissimilarity (GD) by means of amplified fragment length polymorphism (AFLP). The high GD evidenced within populations was exploited for screening 168 clones in a field trial on heavy metal-polluted soil. After one growth season, clonal differences in plant survival and growth were observed. On the basis of performance, six clones were singled out, and used to evaluate copper and zinc accumulation in different organs. Clonal differences in metal concentrations were most evident for leaves and stems; one clone of P. alba (AL35) had a distinctly higher concentration of both metals in the roots. Leaf polyamine (putrescine, spermidine, spermine) profiles correlated with tissue metal concentrations, depending on the clone, plant organ and metal. In particular, the high metal-accumulating clone AL35 exhibited a dramatically higher concentration of free and conjugated putrescine. Overall, the results indicate that, given the high GD of Populus even within populations, it is possible to identify genotypes best suited for soil clean-up, and useful also for investigating physiological markers associated with high metal accumulation/tolerance 相似文献
200.
de Moraes Calado Sabrina Loise Salgado Lilian Dalago Santos Gustavo Souza da Silva Carvalho Neto Fernando de Menezes Márcia Santos 《Environmental science and pollution research international》2021,28(5):5283-5295
Environmental Science and Pollution Research - Metal contamination is a threat to estuarine environments. They can accumulate in the food chain and cause toxic effects on aquatic organisms and... 相似文献