分光光度法测定总铬的改进

在酸性溶液中以二苯碳酰二肼为显色剂测量总铬,高锰酸钾作氧化剂,过量的高锰酸钾需用亚硝酸钠还原,分析过程较为烦琐.过硫酸铵是无色晶体,在氧化三价铬时不产生颜色,因此,不会干扰本底.另外,在酸性条件下对三价铬的氧化速度很快,在室温短时间内就能完成.剩余的过硫酸铵在酸性溶液中通过加热煮沸很快分解为硫酸铵,亦不干扰显色反应.用过硫酸铵代替高锰酸钾作为氧化剂测定水中总铬,测定快速、简便.精密度、准确度与高锰酸钾氧化法一致.     

中国石化安全信息管理平台的设计与开发

阐述了中国石化安全信息管理平台的设计思想和主要功能,通过实施中国石化内部网运行的安全信息管理系统,为中国石化安全管理信息化提供了应用平台.     

江苏省海岸带近30年人类干扰指数时空变化特征

为探究县级以上海岸带区域人类干扰指数（human interference index, HII）的时空变化特征及生态意义,本文利用遥感数据和地理信息系统技术,对HII计算方法进行一定的改进,使其更适合大范围研究区的计算,并分析了1990-2020年江苏省海岸带HII的时空变化特征及其关键驱动因素,最后以HII与选取的代表性指标的相关性分析结果探讨了HII的生态意义。研究结果表明：（1）研究区内各县、市HII在空间分布上,由北向南呈先下降、后升高、再下降的趋势,1990年、2000年、2010年和2020年研究区的HII为0.2800、0.3620、0.1804、0.2917;(2)人工建筑的扩张和滩涂围垦是影响HII高值区空间分布的关键驱动因素;（3）相关性分析结果表明,研究区内的斑块经历了集聚到破碎化再到集聚的过程,且HII具有一定的生态意义。本研究结果可为江苏省海岸带地区人类活动的调控和生态系统管理提供更多的空间信息和理论指导,也为计算大尺度空间的HII提供了思路。     

电泳油漆废水凝聚处理研究

以高浓度电泳漆废水用酸性凝聚和碱性凝聚进行处理研究，应用结果表明，在控制ＰＨ＝２．５～３条件下进行酸性凝聚，ＣＯＤ去除率可达９１％～９３％酸性凝聚后出水，与低浓度废水混合，再用ＰＦＳ为凝聚剂，控制ＰＨ＝７～９，进行凝聚气浮处理，可使排放水质中ＣＯＤ，ＰＨ，ＳＳ和色度稳定达标。     

我国企业突发环境应急预案编制的研究

指出当前企业突发环境应急预案编制过程中存在的主要问题。对加强编制人员素质、做好风险源和风险物质管理,明确做什么、谁来做、怎么做,实现事件分级、预警级别、应急响应和信息报告等提出了建议。对强化实用性、完整性、规范性、可行性、衔接性的评估、规范现场处置六个程序和细化专项预案七项内容等方面进行研究,提出符合国家法律、法规要求、规范性的企业突发环境事件应急预案编制方法。     

油田作业废水高效处理技术中试研究

文章根据新疆油田作业废水特征及油田地处干旱区的地理特点,结合国内外含聚合物污水处理的技术现状,以及油田连续生产稳定运行的要求,在含油污水处理技术的基础上,开展了作业废水处理关键技术研究和工艺优化,采用了"隔油—絮凝气浮—深层过滤"技术。中试试验结果表明:处理后废水COD_(Cr)、石油类、SS可分别由680 mg/L、98.6 mg/L、56.2 mg/L降至98.8 mg/L、5.4 mg/L、4.5 mg/L,去除率分别为85.5%、94.5%、92.0%。     

吸附法油气回收系统在成品油库中的应用

介绍了活性炭吸附法油气回收系统在成品油库汽油装车过程中的应用情况。结合油库油气回收改造的实际情况,重点介绍了了吸附法油气回收装置的工艺流程、油库油气回收系统的组成、监控系统主要功能、环保检测的相关事项,并分析了油气回收系统的经济效益,结合实际经验对油库油气回收改造提出了建议。     

Composition analysis and application of degradation products of whole feathers through a large scale of fermentation

Purpose

Feathers are one of the most abundant bioresources. They are discarded as waste in most cases and could cause environmental pollution. On the other hand, keratin constituted by amino acids is the main component of feathers. In this article, we reported on biorefined feathers and integrants and application of degraded products.

Materials and methods

The fermentation of whole chicken feathers with Stenotrophomonas maltophilia DHHJ in a scale-up of a 5-L bioreactor was investigated in this article. The fermentation process was controlled at 0.08 MPa pressure, 2.5 L/min airflow, and 300 rpm as 100% oxygen saturation level, 40°C, and pH 7.8.

Results

Feathers were almost completely degraded in the tested fermentation reaction with the following conditions: 80 g of whole feathers in 3 L fermentation broth for 72 h, seed age of 16 h, 100 mL inoculation amount, and 50% oxygen saturation level. The degraded products contain 397.1 mg/L soluble protein that has mass weight ranging from 10 to 160 kD, 336.9 mg/L amino acids, and many kinds of metal ions. The fermentation broth was evaluated as leaf fertilizer and found to increase plant growth to 82% or 66% for two- or fourfold dilutions, respectively. In addition, in a hair care assay, the broth showed a hair protective function by increasing weight, flexibility, and strength of the treated hair.

Conclusions

The whole feathers were degraded completely by S. maltophilia DHHJ. The degraded product includes many factors to life, such as peptides, amino acids, and mineral elements. It could be applied as leaf fertilizer and hair care product.     

Application of ecosystem health cost-effect analysis in eco-planning in Guangzhou City, China

Ecosystem health has been a focal point and research frontier of applied ecology in recent years, increasingly used in urban ecological studies. To quantify the effect of ecological improvement from eco-planning, an ecosystem health assessment method is used in eco-planning evaluation and decision support in the urban eco-planning research of Guangzhou City of China. Based on features of an urban ecosystem, five factors such as vigor, organizational structure, resilience, ability to maintain ecosystem service, and influence on people’s health were selected to develop the assessment indicator system. Then, to evaluate the validity of planning measures, a cost-effect analysis of the different scenarios on eco-planning was made, taking investment of the planned projects as the cost and ecosystem health state after implementing the scenarios as the effect. To establish priority of all the proposed planning schemes or countermeasures, variation of the ecosystem health state was evaluated when the investment of eco-environmental construction projects changes by ±10%, ±20% and ±50%, respectively. Thus, the order of importance of eco-environment construction projects to the urban ecosystem health state can be worked out, providing a reference for prioritizing the implementation of such urban eco-environmental projects. The study proved the trial value of an ecosystem health evaluation method in urban eco-planning research.