Adsorption of 2-mercaptobenzothiazole from aqueous solution by organo-bentonite

The adsorption behavior of 2-mercaptobenzothiazole onto organo-bentonite was investigated.Natural bentonite from Gaozhou in Guangdong Province,China was collected.Organo-bentonite was prepared by intercalation of cetyltrimethyl ammonium bromide into the natural bentonite.The physicochemical properties of the prepared organo-bentonite were characterized by X-ray diffraction,N2 adsorption-desorption isotherm and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy.The results showed that montmorillonite is the main component of the natural bentonite.The basal spacing of the natural bentonite is 1.47 nm,which increased to 1.98 nm on intercalation with cetyltrimethyl ammonium bromide.Moreover,both the surface area and pore volume increased with intercalation.Clear CH2 stretching(3000-2800 cm-1) and scissoring(1480-1450 cm-1) modes of the intercalated surfactants were observed for organobentonite.Compared with the pseudo first-order kinetic model,the pseudo second-order kinetic model is more suitable to describe the adsorption kinetics of 2-mercaptobenzothiazole onto organo-bentonite.The adsorption capacity of 2-mercaptobenzothiazole onto organo-bentonite increased with increasing initial concentration of 2-mercaptobenzothiazole,but decreased with increasing adsorbent dosage.The adsorption isotherm of 2-mercaptobenzothiazole onto organo-bentonite fits well with the Langmuir model.The maximum adsorption capacity of organo-bentonite for 2-mercaptobenzothiazole was 33.61 mg/g,indicating that organo-bentonite is a promising adsorbent for 2-mercaptobenzothiazole.     

Iron and lead ion adsorption by microbial flocculants in synthetic wastewater and their related carbonate formation

Although microbial treatments of heavy metal ions in wastewater have been studied, the removal of these metals through incorporation into carbonate minerals has rarely been reported. To investigate the removal of Fe^3＋ and Pb^2＋, two representative metals in wastewater, through the precipitation of carbonate minerals by a microbial flocculant （MBF） produced by Bacillus mucilaginosus. MBF was added to synthetic wastewater containing different Fe^3＋ and Pb^2＋ concentrations, and the extent of flocculation was analyzed. CO2 was bubbled into the mixture of MBF and Fe^3＋/Pb^2＋ to initiate the reaction. The solid substrates were analyzed via X-ray diffraction, transmission electron microscopy and energy dispersive spectroscopy. The results showed that the removal efficiency decreased and the MBF adsorption capacity for metals increased with increasing heavy metal concentration. In the system containing MBF, metals （Fe^3＋ and Pb^2＋）, and CO2, the concentrated metals adsorbed onto the MBF combined with the dissolved CO2, resulting in oversaturation of metal carbonate minerals to form iron carbonate and lead carbonates. These results may be used in designing a method in which microbes can be utilized to combine CO2 with wastewater heavy metals to form carbonates, with the aim of mitigating environmental problems.     

Critical velocity in phosphorus exchange processes across the sediment-water interface

Sediments are ultimate sinks of nutrients in lakes that record the pollution history evolutionary processes, and anthropogenic activities of a lake. However, sediments are considered as inner sources of environmental factor changes such as the variation in hydrodynamic conditions because of the nutrients they release. How does this process happen？ This study investigates a typical nutrient phosphorus （P） exchange among sediment, suspended particle matter （SPM）, and water. Compared with numerical and experimental studies, this study confirms that the critical velocity that occurs at a lower flow rate state exists in the range of 7 to 15 crn/sec. Critical velocity below the critical flow rate promotes the migration of particulate phosphorus （PP） to the SPM. On the other hand, critical velocity above the critical flow rate promotes the release of PP in water.     

半干法烟气脱硫灰改性及应用

文章主要对半干法脱硫灰中亚硫酸钙的氧化转化进行研究。半干法脱硫灰中亚硫酸钙对建材质量具有一定影响,通过筛选合适的催化-氧化剂体系对其进行了氧化改性。试验得到了一种复合催化剂,成功用于半干法脱硫灰改性。结合蒸压砖的生产工艺,使亚硫酸钙在生产过程中实现了部分转化,生产的蒸压砖能达到JC239-2001《粉煤灰砖》MU10强度等级。     

地下水位变化对边坡稳定性影响的模拟分析

降雨引起边坡地下水位变化、降低岩土体抗剪强度进而引起边坡失稳产生滑坡是电网工程灾害中最常见的地质灾害之一。文章在现场详细工程地质勘察的基础上,基于恢复山体极限平衡法和强度折减法,利用数值分析方法对降雨引起地下水位变化条件下某电网工程边坡稳定性进行了分析。模拟结果表明,现今地下水位条件下,该边坡整体处于极限平衡状态;在最高洪水位条件下边坡则处于失稳状态。边坡的最大变形位于边坡中上部,并呈现出由上部逐渐向下部扩展的趋势。边坡潜在破坏模式为边坡后缘张拉破坏和中下部剪切破坏的复合破坏模式。最后基于数值分析结果,对该边坡的工程治理提出了建议。     

餐饮废弃物的危害及环境管理对策

介绍了餐饮废弃物的特点,处理不当污染环境,探讨餐饮废弃物无害化处理方式,并提出了针对餐饮业废弃物的环境管理对策。     

Cd2+和Pb2+的单一和复合作用对菲律宾蛤仔的急性毒性效应研究

实验生态条件下采用半静态急性毒性实验的方法,比较研究了96 h内不同浓度Cd2+和Pb2+对菲律宾蛤仔(Rudi-tapes philippinarum)的急性毒性效应,分析了不同配比的两种重金属离子的复合作用对目标生物的影响。结果表明:(1)在单一污染物胁迫条件下,Cd2+、Pb2+对菲律宾蛤仔的96 h半数致死浓度LC50分别为4.740 mg/L和31.116 mg/L,其对应的安全质量浓度分别为0.677 mg/L、1.844 mg/L。Cd2+的毒性效应更强。(2)Cd2+和Pb2+的复合毒性效应表明:在所设定的不同浓度配比条件和实验时间下,Cd2+、Pb2+对目标生物均表现出明显的协同作用。     

流化床污泥干燥器床料的颗粒度对流化情况的影响

以上海白龙港污水处理厂流化床污泥干燥系统为研究对象,针对流化床污泥干燥器流化情况的好坏分析,在确定其它变量（流化风量、给料分配器转速、料层压差、运行负荷等）不变的情况下,对床料颗粒度的工艺参数进行研究实验,总结颗粒度的工艺参数对流化情况的运行变化规律,从而提高了流化床污泥干燥系统的稳定性、连续性和高效性。     

巴布亚新几内亚浅成低温热液型金矿概述

巴布亚新几内亚大地构造位置上位于欧亚板块、印度-澳大利亚板块和太平洋板块三大板块结合部位,自白垩纪以来经历了复杂的构造演化过程,形成了特有的沟-弧-盆体系,使得区内广泛发育了岩浆弧有关的浅成低温热液型金矿。区内的浅成低温热液型金矿可分为低硫型和高硫型两种,而根据矿物组成、形成深度的不同,低硫型矿床又可分为石英-硫化物型、碳酸盐-贱金属型、浅成低温石英型和冰长石-绢云母型四个亚类型,低硫型金矿的不同的矿化亚类型常相互叠加,对于形成大型、超大型的金矿具有重要的意义。     

国家相关政策法规对石化企业建设项目环保管理的影响分析

分析了近期国家陆续出台的各项政策对中国石化建设项目管理的影响,并提出了对策建议.