Catalytic ozonation treatment of papermaking wastewater by Ag-doped NiFe2O4: Performance and mechanism

The catalytic ozonation treatment of secondary biochemical effluent for papermaking wastewater by Ag-doped nickel ferrite was investigated.Ag-doped catalysts prepared by sol-gel method were characterized,illustrating that Ag entirely entered the crystalline of Ni Fe₂O₄ and changed the surface properties.The addition of catalyst enhanced the removal efficiency of chemical oxygen demand and total organic carbon.The results of gas chromatography-mass spectrometer,ultraviolet l...     

农林生物质燃烧尘中碳组分与水溶性无机离子的分布特征

以吕梁的小米秆、豆秆、玉米秆、树叶和草叶5种典型农林生物质为研究对象,进行燃烧实验,用武汉天虹TH-150C型中流量大气综合采样仪对排放的烟尘进行采集。分析其碳组分（有机碳OC和元素碳EC）及水溶性无机离子,以期为颗粒物来源研究提供重要数据支撑。结果显示：5种农林生物质燃烧尘中,TC（total carbon）在颗粒物中所占比例介于62.37%~73.46%之间,碳组分是农林生物质燃烧尘的重要组成部分,其中,尤其以树叶燃烧尘中OC和EC的百分含量最大,分别达到39.78%和33.68%;生物质燃烧尘中碳组分的百分含量仅次于机动车尾气尘,但远大于煤烟尘、土壤风沙尘、建筑水泥尘和道路尘等源;OC/EC值介于1.15~1.26之间,该值可以初步用来作为判定农林生物质燃烧的一个重要指标;K+,Na+、Ca2+、Mg2+、NH4+、F-、Cl-、SO42-和NO3-等9种水溶性无机离子之和在颗粒物中所占比例介于18.22%~24.12%之间,水溶性无机离子是农林生物质燃烧尘的重要组成部分;SO42-、K+、Cl-、F-是4种最主要的水溶性性无机离子;生物质燃烧尘中K+主要以KCl的形式存在。     

浅议国外城市生活垃圾处理及思路

通过对国内外城市生活垃圾处理处置的现状叙述 ,阐明城市垃圾只有进行资源化处理 ,才是根本解决垃圾问题的重要途径。城市垃圾资源化处理从收集、运输、分选和最终处置形成系统 ,文章并提出我国较为适宜的垃圾处理对策     

环境经济问题的哲学思考—生态经济系统的基本矛盾及其解决途径

本文从阐述生态经济系统、生态经济平衡和生态经济效益等生态经济学的基本范畴入手，揭示生态经济问题产生和演变的内在机理－生态经济系统的基本矛盾；从经济发展、人口增长、生产力进步而与资源缺口、环境容量、生态平衡等的相互关系，分析生态经济基本矛盾的种种表现；从原始社会、农业社会和工业社会等几个主要阶段，阐明生态经济基本矛盾产生和发展的一般过程，并从自然生态系统与社会经济系统在运动周期性、有序性、运行路线与运行机制等方面异同，着重论述产生生态经济基本矛盾的原因，进一步阐明生态问题演变的规律性。探讨解决生态经济基本矛盾的途径，即通过控制人口，转变经济增长方式，实施资源替代战略和地域优势互补，建立生态化的产业和区域发展模式，进行环境与资源市场化的制度创新，实现人口、资源、环境与经济的协调发展。     

区域开发生态影响评价方法及应用

建立一套系统的区域生态影响评价方法，对于区域环评和环境的可持续发展具有重要的意义。以济南舜湖社区区域开发为例，建立和应用由生态指标法、图形叠图法、景观生态学方法构成的方法体系，对舜湖社区区域开发生态环境影响进行了评价，并提出生态保护和建设的具体措施。结果表明，3者构成的方法体系，能较全面的反映生态环境质量现状，预测生态环境影响，有较为广泛的应用前景。     

循环经济建设中的畜禽粪便环境污染治理

分析了吉林省畜禽养殖业环境污染状况,运用循环经济理论,探讨了畜禽粪便资源化方向,针对畜禽粪便环境污染治理存在的问题,提出了对策.     

“矿井通风与安全”课程教学实践与探讨

针对“矿井通风与安全”内容多、范围广、理论性和实践性很强等特点,结合笔者教学实践,从注重教学内容的精选、注重案例分析、注重知识的延伸、注重课程设计环节以及注重教学方法等5个方面出发,探讨如何提高学生对该课程的学习主动性和积极性,增强学习效果的问题。     

Screening plant species native to Taiwan for remediation of 137Cs-contaminated soil and the effects of K addition and soil amendment on the transfer of 137Cs from soil to plants

This study aims to screen plant species native to Taiwan that could be used to eliminate (137)Cs radionuclides from contaminated soil. Four kinds of vegetables and two kinds of plants known as green manures were used for the screening. The test plants were cultivated in (137)Cs-contaminated soil and amended soil which is a mixture of the contaminated one with a horticultural soil. The plant with the highest (137)Cs transfer factor was used for further examination on the effects of K addition on the transfer of (137)Cs from the soils to the plant. Experimental results revealed that plants cultivated in the amended soil produced more biomass than those in the contaminated soil. Rape exhibited the highest production of aboveground parts, and had the highest (137)Cs transfer factor among all the tested plants. The transfer of (137)Cs to the rape grown in the soil to which 100 ppm KCl commonly used in local fertilizers had been added, were restrained. Results of this study indicated that rape, a popular green manure in Taiwan, could remedy (137)Cs-contaminated soil.     

Transformation and removal of ammonium sulfate aerosols and ammonia slip from selective catalytic reduction in wet flue gas desulfurization system

Selective catalytic reduction (SCR) denitration may increase the emission of NH₄⁺ and NH₃. The removal and transformation characteristics of ammonium sulfate aerosols and ammonia slip during the wet flue gas desulfurization (WFGD) process, as well as the effect of desulfurization parameters, were investigated in an experimental system equipped with a simulated SCR flue gas generation system and a limestone-based WFGD system. The results indicate that the ammonium sulfate aerosols and ammonia slip in the flue gas from SCR can be partly removed by slurry scrubbing, while the entrainment and evaporation of desulfurization slurry with accumulated NH₄⁺ will generate new ammonium-containing particles and gaseous ammonia. The ammonium-containing particles formed by desulfurization are not only derived from the entrainment of slurry droplets, but also from the re-condensation of gaseous ammonia generated by slurry evaporation. Therefore, even if the concentration of NH₄⁺ in the desulfurization slurry is quite low, a high level of NH₄⁺ was still contained in the fine particles at the outlet of the scrubber. When the accumulated NH₄⁺ in the desulfurization slurry was high enough, the WFGD system promoted the conversion of NH₃ to NH₄⁺ and increased the additional emission of primary NH₄⁺ aerosols. With the decline of the liquid/gas ratio and flue gas temperature, the removal efficiency of ammonia sulfate aerosols increased, and the NH₄⁺ emitted from entrainment and evaporation of the desulfurization slurry decreased. In addition, the volatile ammonia concentration after the WFGD system was reduced with the decrease of the NH₄⁺ concentration and pH values of the slurry.     

黑曲霉Aspergillsu niger SL2-111所产酸性蛋白酶的分离纯化及酶学特性

采用硫酸铵盐析、Sephadex G-25柱脱盐、DEAE-Sepharose Fast Flow离子交换层析、Sephacryl S-200分子筛层析和高效液相色谱等方法,从黑曲霉菌株Aspergillus niger SL2-111的发酵曲中提取了一种酸性蛋白酶,经SDS-PAGE验证,该酶纯化水平已达到电泳纯.该酶的表观分子量(Mr)约为47×103,最适pH值为3.0,pH稳定性范围为2.5～6.0,最适温度为50℃,温度稳定性范围为30～60℃;Gu2+、Mn2+对其有激活作用,Hg2+、Ag+对其则有轻度的抑制作用;该酶的氨基酸组成为:中极性酸性氨基酸占17.29%,极性碱性氨基酸占4.50%,极性中性氨基酸占38.50%,其它为非极性氨基酸;N端氨基酸序列为SKGSAVTTPQ,经序列同源性比对,表明该酶与其它曲霉酸性蛋白酶具有极高的同源性.图4表5参15