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791.
M.G. Morgan S.C. Morris 《Journal of the Air & Waste Management Association (1995)》2013,63(7):670-673
The results from the regional air quality analysis for the Four Corners Study are discussed in this paper. This study was one of five regional studies conducted for the National Commission on Air Quality. Potential regional air quality impacts were evaluated through the year 1995 for alternative energy scenarios under current and alternative regulatory policies. The alternative regulatory policies include emission fees, technology standards, emission ceilings, and prevention of significant deterioration class elimination. The alternatives were compared in terms of their impacts on regional visibility and on the ambient concentrations of SO2, SO4, and primary fine particulates. The fate of the pollutants was estimated. The alternative regulatory policies were quite different with respect to their control of SOX emissions and their impacts on regional visibility. Sources located outside of the study region were estimated to have a major impact on regional air quality within the study region. 相似文献
792.
Daniel P. Y. Chang Bradford C. Grems 《Journal of the Air & Waste Management Association (1995)》2013,63(7):673-675
The body of information presented in this paper is directed toward those individuals involved with handling hazardous materials, whether in actual use of such chemicals, or in monitoring atmospheric emissions. Although specifically relating experience in the design and testing of phosgene emission control equipment, it attempts to establish general guidelines for effectively dealing with emissions of hazardous materials. An approach for handling chemical pollutants having no established air quality emission standards is developed. The paper presents a technique for establishing process emissions at acceptably low levels to insure the health and safety of the general population as well as that of the process workers themselves. Methods, suitable for measuring phosgene at these low levels, have been investigated, and problems associated with such an investigation are discussed. While complete theoretical scrubber design criteria are beyond the scope of this paper, many of the "real world" problems which affected scrubber performance are presented. Finally, the practical aspects of process emissions control are illustrated by actual results from the system test. 相似文献
793.
794.
Keith C. Heidorn 《Journal of the Air & Waste Management Association (1995)》2013,63(8):803-806
In order to make the information in the Federal Register more easily accessible, a summary has been prepared of Federal standards of performance for new stationary sources of air pollution. The standards of performance promulgated by the Environmental Protection Agency in the period from December 1971 through June 1979 are presented in tabular form. 相似文献
795.
G. Van Houte B. Delmon J.C. Maon Ph. Dumont 《Journal of the Air & Waste Management Association (1995)》2013,63(10):1030-1033
This publication concerns the dry removal of SO2 from gases using limestone absorbents. It reports bench-scale experiments made with commercial samples of powdered limestone (CaCO3) activated by addition of a cheap substance, namely CaCl2. The absorption was carried out in a fluidized bed traversed by the flue gases, between 600° and 900° C. The degree and rate of transformation of CaCO3 to CaSO4 in the presence of SO2 and air have been compared for unmodified and modified absorbents. Initial rates of reaction, and the variation of the rate of absorption with time have been measured. The influence of the SO2 content of the gas has been assessed. At 700° C, the maximum degree of transformation of activated limestone to sulfate exceeds 90%, whereas untreated CaCO3 transforms only to 16–20%. At the same temperature, more than 90% of SO2 contained In a gas carrying 0.35% SO2 is removed. Because of the much smaller quantity of solid absorbent required, dry absorption processes based on the modified absorbents might get renewed interest. The modified absorbents might also be used for in situ absorption in fluidized bed combustion, in which the temperatures are in the range studied in the present paper. 相似文献
796.
Allen C. Gullon 《Journal of the Air & Waste Management Association (1995)》2013,63(6):592-593
The chemical and optical properties of particle emissions from onroad vehicles were investigated at the Allegheny Tunnel on the Pennsylvania Turnpike during July 1981. The optical results are in agreement with earlier data: (1) in terms of light extinction per km driven, diesel particle emissions are at least an order of magnitude more important than particle emissions from spark-ignition vehicles; (2) for diesel particle emissions, light absorption is about twice as efficient as light scattering. Chemical analyses showed that: (1) 24% of the vehicle aerosol was extractable material, (2) 75% of the total mass was carbon, (3) 55% of the total mass was unextractable (elemental) carbon, and (4) the stoichiometry of the extractable fraction of the diesel particle emissions was CnHt.7nN0.05n , i.e., the extractable material was composed predominantly of alkanes. The results of the chemical analyses allow the calculation of the massspecific light absorption coefficient for the elemental carbon component of the diesel particle emissions, i.e., 10.9 ± 1.8 m2/g (500 nm). 相似文献
797.
James L. Littlejohn David B. Shaver William C. Malm 《Journal of the Air & Waste Management Association (1995)》2013,63(8):879-880
This study includes an application of the first two phases of a new three-phased decision-making structure that was developed to overcome the problems related to ecological safety and social justice in site selection applications. It was conducted on a current site selection problem related to the municipal solid waste disposal facilities in Kocaeli, the most industrialized region of Turkey. In order to assess the deficiencies of the legal site selection procedures related to ecological safety, two different decision tree modes were applied separately. The first mode (“Legislation”) concerns the current buffer zone applications given in the regulations, while the second one (“Proposed”) includes the applications of the new decision-making structure proposed in this study. Since it was assumed that the subjective tendencies of the decision makers on the weightings would have a significant effect on the final decision, these two modes were assessed by employing two different weighting models. The results were obtained from all of the scenarios related to selection of suitable sites with three different area requirements (15, 250, and 500 acres) for the solid wastes generated in the Kocaeli region. The results showed that the possible changes in the decision structure could cause significant differences in the final decision related to selection of the most suitable sites. The most highest and lowest differences were at the “Legislation” mode for 15 acres and 500 acres, respectively. Furthermore, the results obtained in the study showed that the possible differentiations in the criteria weightings could also cause significant differences in the suitability ranking. Therefore, to get a reliable final decision, a statistical assessment of these differentiations should be made.
Implications: The results showed that the possible changes in the decision structure could cause significant differences in the final decision related to selection of the most suitable sites. Furthermore, the results obtained in the study showed that the possible differentiations in the criteria weightings could also cause significant differences in the suitability ranking. Therefore, to get a reliable final decision, a statistical assessment of these differentiations should be made. 相似文献
798.
James C. F. Wang Harvey Patashnick George Rupprecht 《Journal of the Air & Waste Management Association (1995)》2013,63(9):1018-1021
A new real-time dust mass monitor has been developed by combining an automatic isokinetic sampling probe with a tapered element oscillating microbalance (TEOM). Fly ash from a room temperature wind tunnel is sampled through the isokinetic sampler and collected on an astroquartz mat filter in the TEOM detector. The filter is first excited and oscillated at low frequency (about 200 Hz). As the particles deposit on the filter, the mass increase of the filter is reflected in a frequency reduction which yields the collected particle mass directly in real time. The TEOM detector normally has a high mass resolution (10?9 g) and wide dynamic range (1055–1066). It is desensitized for high particle loading applications. Good agreement has been obtained between the mass collected through the isokinetic sampling system and the weight loss of the dust feeder, in real time. The body of information presented in this paper is directed to those concerned with particle emission and control in fossil fuel combustion systems. 相似文献
799.
Howard M. Ellis Peter C. Liu Charles Runyon 《Journal of the Air & Waste Management Association (1995)》2013,63(6):670-675
The purpose of this study was to evaluate alternative prediction models for the SO2 concentrations produced in the vicinity of the Ohio Edison Company Sammis Power Plant. The plant is situated in the northeastern portion of the Ohio River Valley in complex terrain. Comparisons of the 16 highest predicted and measured short-term SO2 concentrations were conducted for a one year period for 58 alternative models. Several models were found to predict reasonably accurately the 16 highest measured 24-hour SO2 concentrations. Each of these models requires an upward adjustment in the plume centerline location as the plume is transported downwind in rising terrain. These same models overpredict by substantial margins the 16 highest measured 3-hour SO2 concentrations. Improvements in emissions inventory data and improvements in the prediction models used are believed necessary to increase prediction accuracy further. 相似文献
800.