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51.
16 priority polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) were determined in water samples from the Jinsha River (Panzhihua part), Southwest China. Total dissolved PAH concentrations varied from 21.89 microg l(-1) to 382.8 microg l(-1). It was found that the concentration of PAHs decreased along the flow direction due to the higher density distribution of coal chemical industry in the upstream of our study rivers. The pollution levels in our study area are significantly higher than previously reported values in other waters both in China and other countries. The predominance of benzo[k]fluoranthene and indeno[1,2,3-cd]pyrene was clearly observed in all water samples. On average these two compounds accounted for 98.3% of the total dissolved PAH concentration in water. The results showed the positive correlations among total dissolved PAHs, benzo[k]fluoranthene and indeno[1,2,3-cd]pyrene, which suggested that these two predominant PAHs have similar source and environmental behaviors in our study area. When compared with the survey results of organic micropollutants two decades ago, it was found that hydrocarbon pollution both predominated and even increased with the development of coal chemical industry in this area during the past 20 years. The results therefore provide important information on the current contamination status of a key industrial city in China, and points to the need for urgent action to investigate the relationship between the PAH composition and concentration in water from the Jinsha River and the wastewater discharge from coal chemical industry, and to identify the source, transport pathway and fate of PAHs in the area. It should then be necessary to adopt appropriate and instant measures to control the pollution around this area. 相似文献
52.
In this work a comparison is made between the different approaches that can be taken to evaluate the mobility of elements in compost. The practical consequences of the results obtained are also discussed in terms of methods for cleaning up compost and using compost in environmental remediation. The mobility of potentially toxic elements in compost is evaluated by leaching with four selected eluents, i.e. diluted sulfuric acid, oxalate, citrate and EDTA. In contrast to the chelating agents, diluted sulfuric acid was found to generally have a low leaching capability for removal of heavy metals from compost. This implies that the risk of heavy metal leaching caused by natural rainfall is likely to be low. The results obtained in the leaching experiment were compared with previous results obtained from sequential fractionation. This comparison confirmed that both methods gave similar results for predicting the lability of elements in compost. A non-linear regression analysis of the leaching curves was also conducted. The leaching curves for elements with high lability could be fitted with a two components model. The labile components identified by the kinetic model are approximately in accordance with the fractions obtained from the first step of the sequential extraction method. The kinetic speciation method is shown to be a relatively rapid and simple procedure for compost which gives more information about element lability than simple leaching experiments. The leaching reagents used in this work were not effective enough to be used for cleaning up compost with a high metal content. Compost was however shown to have a high affinity for heavy metals, with the order of affinity of metal for the compost being very similar to that seen for humic acid. Compost may therefore prove to be a good remediation material for metal contaminated waste. 相似文献
53.
利用植物生态学常规方法进行了荒漠植被种群生物量和数量特证调查,以植物为监测对象,并就群落地上部分生物量,Shannon-Wiener多样性指数,群落均匀度,生态优势度等指标探讨了在荒漠生态环境监测和评价中的具体应用。 相似文献
54.
多介质环境目标值的应用 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
本文概述了多介质目标德的SAM/Ⅰ的方法。多介质目标值包括环境目标值和排放目标值。点源分析包括SAM/ⅠA,SAM/ⅠB,SAM/Ⅰ,SAM/Ⅱ。在缺少环境质量标准的情况下,使用多介质环境目标值有较强的适用性,且具有省时、省力、经济等特点。本文将多介质目标值的SAM/ⅠA点源分析方法引入聚氯乙烯生产废水的环境评价中,取得较为满意的结果。 相似文献
55.
论区域环境规划的综合集成方法 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
区域环境是复杂的巨系统 ,在区域环境规划中必须采用综合集成的方法才能有效地解决各种问题。集成是一种有机的结合 ,提出了各环境规划要素集成的六种思路 ,并为六种集成的再度集成 ,提出了区域环境规划的综合集成环境规划室体系。 相似文献
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57.
笔者从我国包装的现状分析入手,探讨建立绿色包装系统的可行性和必要性,提出建立绿色包装系统的具体措施和实施方案。 相似文献
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59.
本文列举了大学生在学校多种场合和情景中礼仪素养缺失的种种表现,并多方面分析问题产生的原因,最后简要提出了高校要加强大学生礼仪教育的对策。 相似文献
60.
通过田间试验,对装配GP-81扁扇型喷头的运5飞机在水稻和棉花上喷洒农药中的药液损失进行了分析,同时讨论了2,4-D丁酯对敏感作物的影响。结果表明,一元三次方程Y=b0+b1x2+b2x^2+b3x^3能很好地描述药液飘移与下风距离的关系,方程中的参数具有明确的实验意义;2,4-D丁酰对700m下风距离内的向日葵类高敏感植物有明显药害,对350m范围内的大豆等中等敏感植物也有药害;药液由于飘移和蒸 相似文献