紫外辐射增强对麦二叉蚜发生量的影响

研究春小麦大田栽培自然光条件下,模拟紫外辐射（ＵＶ－Ｂ,２９０￣３１５ｎｍ）分别增加２．５４、４．２５及５．３１ｋＪ·ｍ＾－２对小麦（寄生虫麦二叉蚜（Ｓｃｈｉｚａｐｈｉｓ ｇｒａｍｉｎｕｍ）的发生、种群密度、繁殖系数等方面的影响。结果表明麦二叉蚜的种群密度与其当年的发生量密切相关,并且种群密度随着ＵＶ－Ｂ辐射强度的增加明显降低,但对麦二叉蚜的繁殖特性没有显著的抑制作用。因此认为,未来臭氧层减薄紫外     

污泥水煤浆在3.2MW卧式锅炉中的燃烧特性研究

在3.2MW卧式炉中对污泥水煤浆和大同烟煤水煤浆进行对比燃烧试验,研究了煤浆的着火、温度场及燃烧效率等特性,并考察了污泥水煤浆工业应用的可行性.结果表明,掺混10%污泥的水煤浆着火容易,炉膛主燃烧区域火焰温度可达到1200～1300℃;污泥水煤浆燃烧时炉膛火焰分布均匀,火焰充满度较好;水分析出使颗粒表面分布大量气孔,有...     

北京市公园道路粉尘Cu,Pb,Zn含量及其污染评价

通过对北京市12个具代表性公园的道路粉尘取样调查,测定了粉尘中常量元素Fe,Ca,Mg,K及重金属Cu,Pb,Zn的质量分数以及pH值。结果表明,公园道路粉尘与表层土壤中的Fe,Ca,Mg,K的质量分数和pH值都非常接近,性质相似;公园道路粉尘中存在着一定的Cu,Pb,Zn含量积累现象,尤以Pb,Zn明显。综合污染指数大小的规律,总体上是市区公园道路粉尘高于市郊,市中心景山公园道路粉尘的污染指数最高。聚类分析结果显示,公园的聚类与其所处的交通位置关系密切。公园道路粉尘Cu,Pb,Zn质量分数的相关性较好,表明交通是造成公园道路粉尘中Cu,Pb和Zn含量积累的重要因素。      

Application of percarbonate and peroxymonocarbonate in decontamination technologies

Sodium percarbonate (SPC) and peroxymonocarbonate (PMC) have been widely used in modified Fenton reactions because of their multiple superior features, such as a wide pH range and environmental friendliness. This broad review is intended to provide the fundamental information, status and progress of SPC and PMC based decontamination technologies according to the peer-reviewed papers in the last two decades. Both SPC and PMC can directly decompose various pollutants. The degradation efficiency will be enhanced and the target contaminants will be expanded after the activation of SPC and PMC. The most commonly used catalysts for SPC activation are iron compounds while cobalt compositions are applied to activate PMC in homogenous and heterogeneous catalytical systems. The generation and participation of hydroxyl, superoxide and/or carbonate radicals are involved in the activated SPC and PMC system. The reductive radicals, such as carbon dioxide and hydroxyethyl radicals, can be generated when formic acid or methanol is added in the Fe(II)/SPC system, which can reduce target contaminants. SPC can also be activated by energy, tetraacetylethylenediamine, ozone and buffered alkaline to generate different reactive radicals for pollutant decomposition. The SPC and activated SPC have been assessed for application in-situ chemical oxidation and sludge dewatering treatment. The challenges and prospects of SPC and PMC based decontamination technologies are also addressed in the last section.     

Delineation of basic farmland based on the quality and spatial stability: a case study of Yingtan City,China

Environmental Science and Pollution Research - Delimiting basic farmland is essential to ensure food security and maintain social stability. Determining the quantity and spatial layout of the basic...     

冲击载荷下叠合岩层巷道围岩的应力演化数值模拟研究——基于岩层运动并行计算系统StrataKing∗

煤系地层属于典型的层状沉积岩层,这在传统连续介质模型中不能被较好反映。为了探究冲击载荷下叠合岩层巷道围岩的应力演化规律,采用以拉格朗日元与离散元耦合连续?非连续方法为基础发展的岩层运动并行计算系统 StrataKing,基于理想化模型分析了巷道上表面附近应力波的叠加。阐明了应力波叠加导致顶板开裂机理,并且探讨了冲击载荷幅值的影响规律。研究发现：在原始压应力波传至巷道上表面附近测点后,该测点的最大主应力刚开始呈下降?上升?下降的变化趋势,这是由原始压、拉应力波不同时刻的叠加不同导致的;由于次级应力波的波长较原始应力波的小,次级压、拉应力波的单独作用更明显,它们的叠加使巷道上表面附近测点能产生更低和更高的最大主应力,甚至导致顶板开裂;冲击载荷幅值越大,近似阶梯增长阶段中拉裂纹平均发展速度越快,巷道围岩最终开裂范围越大,巷道围岩平衡越困难。