纳米TiO2光电催化氧化法测定COD的影响因素

以纳米TiO2为光阳极,利用薄层微型反应器纳米TiO2光电催化氧化的方法测定COD,具有快速、准确、无二次污染的特点。研究了电解质类型、光源种类等对薄层微型反应器中光电催化测定COD的影响。研究结果表明：与NaNO,和KCl比较,NaH2PO4作电解质时的紫外光吸收低、电极表面氧化性能稳定,性能良好;与镓灯、碘镓灯比较,中压汞灯的紫外光谱丰富、辐射照度大,有利于TiO2光电催化反应的进行;通过热重分析,确定电极薄膜的烧结温度为520℃。     

复杂环境样品中未知组分峰的跟踪识别方法

以垃圾焚烧飞灰中的持久性组分分析为例,研究了不同程序升温条件下用于峰识别的拟合定量方法.通过不同程序升温条件下气相色谱拟合峰的准确保留时间,计算色谱峰的保留参数,并预测任意柱温条件下的保留时间.通过与实验值的对比证明预测结果是准确的.     

Effect of cerium on photosynthetic characteristics of soybean seedling exposed to supplementary ultraviolet-B radiation

Effects of cerium （Ce^3＋） on photosynthetic characteristics were investigated by hydroponics under laboratory conditions when soybean seedlings were exposed to two levels of supplementary UV-B radiation. UV-B radiation badly inhibited the photosynthesis in soybean seedling, leading to a reduction in net photosynthetic rate （Pn）, Hill reaction activity, light saturated photosynthetic rate （Ps） and apparent quanta yield （AQY）, as well as the CO2 and light saturated photosynthetic rate （Pro） and carboxulation efficiency （CE）. On the contrary, Ce obviously promoted the photosynthesis of plants by increasing Hill reaction activity, accelerating electron transport and photophosphorylation, and enhancing carboxylation efficiency. For Ce＋UV-B treatments, the values of photosynthetic parameters were still lower than those of the control, but obviously higher than those of UV-B treatment. The results indicated that Ce alleviated the inhibition of UV-B radiation on the photosynthesis in soybean seedling to a certain extent. In correlating of Pn with Hill activity, AQY and CE, we found that the changes of photosynthetic rate were mainly influenced by the regulating effect of Ce on Hill activity and AQY at low level （0.15 W/m^2） of UV-B radiation, but were dominated by the regulating effect of Ce on CE at high level （0.45 W/m^2）. Thus, Ce could regulate many aspects in photosynthesis of soybean seedling under UV-B stress. The regulating mechanism was close related with the dosage of UV-B radiation.     

城市轨道交通地下线引起的环境振动影响因素研究

随着城市的发展,轨道交通在各大城市中得到迅速发展,但与之相伴的环境振动问题也日益突显.为研究城市轨道交通地下线列车运行速度、线路条件、减振措施等运营条件对环境振动影响,在某地铁线路隧道内进行了环境振动源强测试.结果表明,隧道壁源强位置处Z振级随着速度的增加而增大,列车通过速度在57～75 km/h变化时,列车速度每增加...     

我国土壤环境的风险评估技术分析与展望

随着我国工业化、城镇化及农业高度集约化的快速发展,耕地和场地土壤复合污染问题日益突出,土壤污染的风险日趋显现.本文在总结国内外土壤污染健康风险评估技术发展历程的基础上,探讨我国国内建设用地健康风险评估技术导则的异同点,分析目前国内外有关土壤环境风险评估技术研究的热点与不足,重点介绍了蒸气入侵模型的发展、土壤中有机污染物...     

Dynamic Changes of Sandy Land in Northwest of Beijing, China

The area northwest of Beijing is one of the most important regions where many organizations invest and pay most attention. The environmental problems in this region affect not only Beijing but also the surrounding area. Based on observation of the characteristics of the change in sandy land, this study classified four types of dynamic change of sandy land, including extended sandy land, the reversely changed sandy land, the potential sandy land and no change in sandy land. Then the process and the trend of changes in sandy land and their environmental impact on the area northwest of Beijing were analyzed. The results show that the area of sandy land has increased in this region in the period of 1991 to 2002. Change between sandy land and grassland was the dominant change. It is found that the monitoring zones of Hunshandake sandy land and north of Yin Shan are regions with high ratio of extended sandy land, and are connected with widespread potential change of sandy land. This implies that these two regions have a high probability of increase in sandy land in the future. On the other hand, in the monitoring zone of Horqin sandy land and Ba Shang Plateau and its surrounding area, desertification had been controlled and the area of sandy land is expected to decrease. This indicates that the direction of the sandstorm to Beijing is expected to gradually move to the northwest. Furthermore, the decreases in sandy land and the reversing change from arable land to grassland and forests in the study region will affect the land quality and atmosphere. And the logistic multiple regression (LMR) model was employed to better understand the complexity and processes of increases in sandy land. This model predicts that there is a high probability of increases in sandy land in north of Siziwang Banner, Zhengxiangbai Banner and Zhenglan Banner. Finally, suggestions to the ecological construction of the study area have been proposed.     

燃煤电厂排放PAHs的气粒分配机制和排放通量

对循环流化床锅炉(CFB)布袋除尘器进口和出口的多环芳烃(PAHs)进行了分析,研究了PAHs在气相和颗粒相中的分配机理.结果表明,除尘过程气相和颗粒相PAHs对应的去除率分别为45.59％与70.67％～89.06％.气相中主要为低分子量PAHs,颗粒相中主要为高分子量PAHs.随着粒径的增加,低分子量PAHs比例呈...     

武夷山自然保护区常绿阔叶林优势种对土壤呼吸的影响

为揭示森林土壤呼吸异质性的影响因素,以武夷山自然保护区常绿阔叶林优势种甜槠(Castanopsis eyrei)、细叶青冈(Cyclobalanopsis tenuifolia)、米槠(Castanopsis carlesii)为研究对象,采用LI-8100碳通量系统测定土壤呼吸速率及其影响因子土壤温度、土壤含水量值,...     

聚磷酸钙可降解纤维研究

为解决材料在环境中的降解问题,制备了聚磷酸钙纤维．研究表明其结构为无定形玻璃态,抗拉强度为１．９０ＧＰａ,弹性模量为６７．５ＧＰａ,并可发生化学降解,故可作为可降解复合材料的增强纤维     

钙对酸雨胁迫下甜瓜幼苗质膜透性的影响

报道钙对酸雨协迫下甜瓜幼苗质膜透性的影响,实验结果表明,钙可明显降低质膜透性,具有防护质膜酸致损伤的良好作用,在本实验条件下,以３０ｍｍｏｌ／ＬＣａ（ＮＯ３）２连续处理２次（２４ｈ１次）的防护作用最佳,可能与钙能稳定质膜结构,提高ＣＡＴ的活力等多重生理作用有关。