浸渍活性炭脱除含硫气体研究进展

介绍了浸渍活性炭脱除含硫气体机理的研究进展,归纳了炭表面化学环境,金属离子及水对转化途径和反应机理的影响,对进气组成和温度、压力、空速等操作条件对脱硫效率的影响进行了讨论,举例说明了浸溃活性炭脱硫应用情况,分析了浸渍活性炭失活原因,对再生方法进行了简要总结。     

Electro-assisted regeneration of ion exchange resins

Electro-assisted regeneration (EAR) for the mixed bed of strongly acidic cation and weakly basic anion exchange resins with the Al(OH)3 suspension in a three-compartment cell was investigated. The desalination experiments were carried out to evaluate the characteristic of the regenerated mixed resins. Experimental results showed that the efficiency of resin regeneration was strictly dependent on the voltage, regeneration time, and feed regenerant flow rate. The amount of the effluent reached 50 times the volume of the resins bed, and the conductivity was less than 1.0 μs/cm. Compared to the conventional ER, the total effluent volume of EAR was about 1000 mL more than that of ER under the same conditions, and the outlet conductivity was significantly lower. The desalination and regeneration reaction mechanisms of the mixed resins indicated the regeneration efficiency of resin with Al(OH)₃ as the regenerant was much higher than that with H₂O.     

河流型水源保护区划分方法探讨

为了保障饮用水供水安全和公众的健康,我国对水源地实行保护区制度,但保护区的划分方法却不尽合理。文章以某一个河流型水源地的参数为依据,分别采用一维模式和二维模式计算保护区长度;同时说明了各种方法的优缺点和我国现行水源保护区划分方法中存在的问题:一维模型计算的长度太长,实际难以操作,二维模型计算不符合实际情况,我国现行规范方法参数难以选取等,并针对这些问题建议在不同的河段采用不同的计算方法,合理划定保护区长度。     

左手材料在武器装备系统中的应用

论述了左手材料的奇异电磁特性以及各奇异电磁特性的潜在应用,分析了目前LHM在武器装备系统中的典型应用及其目前的发展现状,并对典型应用中的具体实例进行了详细分析,指出了左手材料在未来武器装备系统中的发展潜力及其重要意义。     

两步法制备导电聚吡咯薄膜研究

在陶瓷基底上,先用化学方法,再用电化学方法两步聚合制备导电聚吡咯（PPy）薄膜。研究了施加电流和聚合时间对PPy导电薄膜电导率的影响,对比分析了两步聚合法和化学方法对PPy导电薄膜组织的影响,并对两步法在陶瓷和Al2O3基底上制备PPy导电薄膜的微观形貌进行了观察分析。结果表明,两步聚合方法制备的PPy导电薄膜的电导率随着施加电流的增大和聚合时间的增长而逐渐提高;两步法制备PPy导电薄膜的组织较仅用化学方法制备PPy导电薄膜的组织要致密连续;陶瓷基底上PPy薄膜较均匀,而Al2O3基底上PPy薄膜较疏松且不连续。     

黄河源区湿地萎缩驱动力的定量辨识

利用1990年、2000年和2004年黄河源区湿地卫星遥感监测解译资料和1962年以来玛多气象站气象资料,分析了该地区湿地和气候变化特征,定量判别了造成湿地减少的人为因素和气候因素的贡献率,揭示了气候因子与湿地减少之间的关联性。研究表明：1990年以来黄河源区湿地动态变化特征呈现出河流、湖泊、沼泽湿地面积的萎缩和湖泊斑块数的减少,以及河流、湖泊、沼泽湿地向滩涂湿地转化的退化特征;1962～2004年间黄河源区气候变化存在较为明显的阶段性变化和季节变化的差异,特别是1990年以来呈现出气温升高、降水量微弱减少和蒸发量增大的干旱化趋势;人类活动对湿地退化的贡献率要大于气候变化的贡献率,人类活动的不断加剧对湿地退化起到了主导作用;不同类型的湿地面积变化与自然因子的关联序尽管不尽一致,但近15年来黄河源区气候干旱化对于湿地的退化产生了显著的影响;各类湿地面积随气温的升高、降水量的减少、蒸发量的增大、土壤冻结日数的减少和径流量的减少而萎缩,沼泽对气候变化的响应最为显著,而蒸发量对湿地面积的退化有着更为显著的作用。     

Prolonged manganese exposure induces severe deficits in lifespan, development and reproduction possibly by altering oxidative stress response in Caenorhabditis elegans

We examined the possible multiple defects induced by acute and prolonged exposure to high levels of manganese (Mn) solution by monitoring the endpoints of lifespan,development,reproduction,and stress response.Our data suggest that acute exposure (6 h) to Mn did not cause severe defects of life span,development,and reproduction.Similarly,no significant defects could be found for the life span,development,and reproduction in animals exposed to a low concentration of Mn (2.5 μmol/L) for 48 h.In contrast,prolonged exposure (48-h) to high concentrations of Mn (75 and 200 μmol/L) resulted in significant defects of life span,development,and reproduction,as well as the increase of the percentage of population with hsp-16.2::gfp expression indicating the obvious induction of stress responses in exposed animals.Moreover,prolonged exposure (48-h) to high concentrations (75 and 200 μmol/L) of Mn decreased the expression levels of antioxidant genes of sod-1,sod-2,sod-3,and sod-4 compared to control.Therefore,prolonged exposure to high concentrations of Mn will induce the severe defects of life span,development,and reproduction in nematodes possibly by affecting the stress response and expression of antioxidant genes in Caenorhabditis elegans.     

阻抑催化动力学光度法测定水体中的痕量镍

研究了在pH9.2硼砂介质中,镍(II)对过氧化氢氧化溴甲酚紫褪色反应具有阻抑作用,聚乙二醇-200(PEG-200)对此反应体系有活化作用,据此建立了阻抑动力学光度法测定痕量镍(II)的新方法。试验考察了反应介质种类和用量、活化剂种类和用量、反应温度、反应时间、共存组分等因素的影响,确定了最佳试验条件。该方法的测定波长为590nm;活化剂为PEG-200;反应温度为沸水浴;反应时间为14min;线性范围为1.7×10-6g/L～1.4×10-4g/L;检出限为1.7×10-6g/L。所建方法用于环境水体中痕量镍(II)的测定,最大相对标准偏差为3.27%,加标回收率为95.5%～104.5%;所建方法与火焰原子吸收光谱法进行了对比试验,方法相对误差小于6.50%。     

型煤固硫技术应用分析研究

为降低固硫型煤成本,提高固硫效率,控制燃烧时的异味,添加不同比例复合固硫助燃剂,进行燃烧试验.结果显示:添加6%复合固硫助燃剂有较好的固硫效果.