Phosphorus transformation under the influence of aluminum,organic carbon,and dissolved oxygen at the water-sediment interface: A simulative study

• The three simulation factors caused various changes in both water and sediment. • Responses to simulations differed with the reported natural lakes and wetlands. • Al has dominant effects on sediment P release control among the three factors. • Adding sediment Al can be effective and safe under the simulated conditions. • Polyphosphates were not generated, while added phytate was rather stable. The effects of sediment aluminum (Al), organic carbon (OC), and dissolved oxygen (DO) on phosphorus (P) transformation, at the water-sediment interface of a eutrophic constructed lake, were investigated via a series of simulative experiments. The above three factors had various influences on dissolved P concentration, water pH, water and surface sediment appearance, and P fractions. Additions of Al had the greatest effect on suppressing P release, and the water pH remained alkaline in the water-sediment system under various OC and DO conditions. No dissolution of the added Al was detected. ³¹P-NMR characterization suggested that OC addition did not promote biological P uptake to polyphosphates under oxic conditions. The simulation result on the added phytate indicated the absence of phytate in the original lake sediment. As compared to the reported natural lakes and wetland, the water-sediment system of the constructed lake responded differently to some simulative conditions. Since Al, OC, and DO can be controlled with engineering methods, the results of this study provide insights for the practical site restorations.     

《制药工业大气污染物排放标准》(GB 37823—2019)解读

简述了我国制药工业概况和行业挥发性有机物(VOCs)排放现状,解读了生态环境部和国家市场监督管理总局联合发布的《制药工业大气污染物排放标准》(GB 37823—2019),介绍了该标准的分类控制思路、控制重点、污染物控制指标设置、排放限值确定以及无组织控制要求等内容与特点。该标准从全过程控制的角度构建了适用于制药工业的VOCs控制指标体系,对完善制药工业污染物排放管理体系、补齐VOCs污染防治短板、打赢蓝天保卫战具有重要的支撑作用。     

危险化学品仓储事故演化规律及消防力量需求研究

危险化学品仓储火灾事故复杂,处置难度大,易引发事故多米诺效应,对人民的生命和财产造成严重威胁。本文分析了危化品仓储火灾爆炸事故的演化规律和事故风险,结合事故案例剖析危化品仓储火灾爆炸事故后果及对周边区域的影响。针对危险化学品仓储火灾爆炸事故,建立危化品仓储火灾扑救泡沫需求评价二级指标体系,采用模糊层次分析法建立了泡沫灭火剂用量评价数学模型,并根据救援力量类别需求、各种应急救援装备与作战人员需求建立危化品火灾消防力量需求预测模型,准确预测危化品仓储事故消防力量需求。     

我国资源再生产业集群辨识研究

资源再生产业是解决资源危机、能源短缺和环境污染等问题的有效途径.近年来,我国资源再生产业发展迅速,在一些区域产业集群特征凸显.因此,本文采用产业集中度和区位商法,对我国资源再生产业在省域层面的集群情况进行定量分析.结果表明:我国资源再生产业集群特征非常明显,2007年产业集中度CR_4达到71.15%,广东、浙江和湖南三省已形成资源再生产业集群,2007年三省的区位商分别达到1.781、1.987、8.491;同时还发现重庆、湖北、天津、江苏、上海也初具集群雏形,为从产业集群角度探索我国资源再生产业发展模式提供依据.此外,在对广东、浙江和湖南三省产业集群进行深入分析和验证时还发现:广东、浙江模式与湖南模式具有明显不同,前者是再生资源禀赋和地方需求主导模式.而后者则是交易成本、区位交通优势和政府扶持共同作用的结果.     

江苏南京地区蜻蜓目(Odonata)昆虫区系及多样性分析

2005～2008年对江苏南京地区的蜻蜓资源进行了调查,共发现蜻蜓目昆虫45种,隶属于8科29属。其区系组成的特点是：东洋成分占明显优势,有13种,约占总数的2889%;古北区的种类相对较少,只有5种,约占总数的1111%。研究分析了7个样地蜻蜓的物种丰富度多样性指数(〖WTBX〗H′)、均匀度指数(J)、优势度指数(D)和相似性系数(Cs〖WTBZ〗)。结果发现：蜻蜓物种丰富度由大到小的顺序为紫金山(30)=老山(30)>将军山(24)>江心洲(19)>方山(18)>东庐山(13)>金牛湖(9);各样地的多样性指数排序为将军山(2.9298)>紫金山(2.9150)>老山(2.7258)>方山(2.6574)>江心洲(2.5478)>东庐山(1.9025)>金牛湖(1.6700)。其中,方山与东庐山的相似性系数最大(0.7742),金牛湖分别与紫金山和老山的相似性系数最小(0.4103)。     

Growth and potential reproduction of <Emphasis Type="Italic">Poa crymophila</Emphasis> in response to season precipitation shortage in the Eastern Tibetan Plateau,China

The growing season in 2006 existed a quite less precipitation than previous years in the eastern of Tibetan Plateau, China. In order to explore the response strategies of the grass to drought year, the variations of growth and potential reproduction of Poa crymophila between rich (2005) and poor rainfall year (2006) were studied. Reproductive shoot biomass, above- and below-ground biomass pronounced decreased in the poor rainfall year, but the ratio of above-/below-ground biomass and vegetative shoot biomass increased. Carbon content in inflorescence increased significantly in 2006, but decreased significantly in root. Nitrogen contents and the C/N ratios in plant components were not significantly different. Sexual reproduction in 2005 and 2006 was not different. Season precipitation shortage could result in the higher mortality of vernal budding shoots or tillers. The results suggested that P. crymophila response to poor rainfall year (drought) by a smaller plant body, allocating more proportional biomass to above-ground, altering more carbon to inflorescence, and altering its reproductive way to sexual.     

医疗废弃物焚烧挥发性氯含量与热值测试与估算

通过测定上海某医疗废弃物处置公司设定燃烧工况条件下某时间段内烟气中HC l的平均排放速率,估算出上海地区医疗垃圾废物中的可燃烧转化氯含量在2.33%~2.64%左右;通过测定各较小采样时间段(2 m in)的烟气HC l浓度测定发现批次进料造成烟气中HC l浓度近4倍的波动,通过初步的热平衡估算得到医疗废弃物的热值大致在21.8 M J/kg,得到的结果可为我国医疗废弃物的焚烧工艺设计提供基础依据。     

水解酸化-A~2O污泥减量工艺的运行性能研究

生物处理单元采用水解酸化、多级串联接触曝气、连续流的除磷脱氮A2/O工艺,并辅以外排厌氧富磷污水侧流除磷,开发了一个新型的具有强化除磷脱氮功能的污泥减量HA-A/A-MCO工艺。用该工艺处理校园生活污水发现,在SRT60 d、进水COD 316~407 mg/L、NH4+-N30~40 mg/L、TN35~53 mg/L、TP 8~12 mg/L的条件下,出水COD≤18 mg/L、NH4+-N≤2.1 mg/L、TN≤10.3 mg/L、TP≤0.44 mg/L。研究还发现,水解酸化池处理产生的VFA能有效促进生物除磷脱氮,导致厌氧释磷量达57 mg/L,进入化学除磷池的侧流液量仅相当于进水量的13%;系统最主要的脱氮形式是SND和缺氧反硝化,SND脱氮占脱氮总量的50%,缺氧反硝化占26%;HA-A/A-MCO系统有效实现了生物相分离,并利用生物捕食作用获得较低的污泥产率,0.1 g MLSS/g COD。     

造纸污泥固化/稳定化处理技术研究

为了能更好地无害化处理造纸污泥,对造纸污泥的固化/稳定化处理技术进行了研究。以水泥、粉煤灰和煤渣作为固化剂对造纸污泥进行固化/稳定化处理。通过抗压强度评价污泥固化块的力学性质;并对固化块浸出液的COD浓度与重金属质量浓度进行了检测。当水泥、粉煤灰和煤渣的掺量分别为0.12、0.02和0.10 kg/kg,养护时间为6 d时,固化块抗压强度达到360 kPa。结果表明,水泥和煤渣对提高造纸污泥固化块的抗压强度具有促进作用,而它们与粉煤灰对造纸污泥中的有机质和重金属均具有一定的固化作用。在以上条件下,固化块浸出液中COD浓度约为115.7 mg/L,重金属浓度符合国家标准。经养护后的固化块含水率均保持在35%~40%,符合填埋场的进场标准。     

A new joint publication

Special FeatureWaste Management Research in Korea

A new joint publication