排序方式: 共有68条查询结果,搜索用时 15 毫秒
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N. Gruchy F. Vialard E. Blondeel N. Le Meur G. Joly-Hélas P. Chambon M. Till M. Herbaut-Graux A. Vigouroux-Castera A. Coussement J. Lespinasse F. Amblard M. Jimenez L. Lebel Roy Camille F. Carré-Pigeon E. Flori F. Mugneret S. Jaillard C. Yardin R. Harbuz M. Collonge Rame P. Vago M. Valduga N. Leporrier 《黑龙江环境通报》2014,34(12):1133-1138
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TianTian Xiong Camille Dumat Antoine Pierart Muhammad Shahid Yuan Kang Ning Li Georges Bertoni Christophe Laplanche 《Environmental geochemistry and health》2016,38(6):1283-1301
The quality of cultivated consumed vegetables in relation to environmental pollution is a crucial issue for urban and peri-urban areas, which host the majority of people at the global scale. In order to evaluate the fate of metals in urban soil–plant–atmosphere systems and their consequences on human exposure, a field study was conducted at two different sites near a waste incinerator (site A) and a highway (site B). Metal concentrations were measured in the soil, settled atmospheric particulate matter (PM) and vegetables. A risk assessment was performed using both total and bioaccessible metal concentrations in vegetables. Total metal concentrations in PM were (mg kg?1): (site A) 417 Cr, 354 Cu, 931 Zn, 6.3 Cd and 168 Pb; (site B) 145 Cr, 444 Cu, 3289 Zn, 2.9 Cd and 396 Pb. Several total soil Cd and Pb concentrations exceeded China’s Environmental Quality Standards. At both sites, there was significant metal enrichment from the atmosphere to the leafy vegetables (correlation between Pb concentrations in PM and leaves: r = 0.52, p < 0.05) which depended on the plant species. Total Cr, Cd and Pb concentrations in vegetables were therefore above or just under the maximum limit levels for foodstuffs according to Chinese and European Commission regulations. High metal bioaccessibility in the vegetables (60–79 %, with maximum value for Cd) was also observed. The bioaccessible hazard index was only above 1 for site B, due to moderate Pb and Cd pollution from the highway. In contrast, site A was considered as relatively safe for urban agriculture. 相似文献
64.
Multi-scale marine biodiversity patterns inferred efficiently from habitat image processing 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
Mellin C Parrott L Andréfou?t S Bradshaw CJ MacNeil MA Caley MJ 《Ecological applications》2012,22(3):792-803
Cost-effective proxies of biodiversity and species abundance, applicable across a range of spatial scales, are needed for setting conservation priorities and planning action. We outline a rapid, efficient, and low-cost measure of spectral signal from digital habitat images that, being an effective proxy for habitat complexity, correlates with species diversity and requires little image processing or interpretation. We validated this method for coral reefs of the Great Barrier Reef (GBR), Australia, across a range of spatial scales (1 m to 10 km), using digital photographs of benthic communities at the transect scale and high-resolution Landsat satellite images at the reef scale. We calculated an index of image-derived spatial heterogeneity, the mean information gain (MIG), for each scale and related it to univariate (species richness and total abundance summed across species) and multivariate (species abundance matrix) measures of fish community structure, using two techniques that account for the hierarchical structure of the data: hierarchical (mixed-effect) linear models and distance-based partial redundancy analysis. Over the length and breadth of the GBR, MIG alone explained up to 29% of deviance in fish species richness, 33% in total fish abundance, and 25% in fish community structure at multiple scales, thus demonstrating the possibility of easily and rapidly exploiting spatial information contained in digital images to complement existing methods for inferring diversity and abundance patterns among fish communities. Thus, the spectral signal of unprocessed remotely sensed images provides an efficient and low-cost way to optimize the design of surveys used in conservation planning. In data-sparse situations, this simple approach also offers a viable method for rapid assessment of potential local biodiversity, particularly where there is little local capacity in terms of skills or resources for mounting in-depth biodiversity surveys. 相似文献
65.
Yves Cherel Camille Fontaine George D. Jackson Christine H. Jackson Pierre Richard 《Marine Biology》2009,156(4):699-708
Stable isotopes are increasingly used in the study of trophic interactions of many aquatic animals and most recently cephalopods.
To evaluate the application of the method to squids, it is important to assess isotopic differences among and within consumer
tissues that may confound the resolution of ecological relationships. Inter- and intra-tissue isotopic variation was examined
in 55 individuals of the oceanic squid Todarodes filippovae that were collected at the beginning of April 2000 in the southwestern Indian Ocean (between 44°S, 76°E, and Saint Paul and
Amsterdam islands, 38°S, 78°E). Delipidated soft tissues (mantle, arm, buccal mass, gill and reproductive organs) showed small
δ13C and δ15N differences, which were probably tissue-specific. A lower carbon value was observed in the digestive gland as a consequence
of incomplete lipid removal. Hard tissues, such as beaks and gladii, had lower 15N values than soft tissues, which can be explained by the presence of chitin, a 15N-depleted molecule. Females (n = 38) and males (n = 17) had identical δ13C values, but females showed higher δ15N values than males. The difference was size-related rather than sex-related, however, as females were generally larger than
males. A comparison of similar-sized females and males produced identical nitrogen values. These data suggest dietary shifts
from lower to higher trophic levels during growth, because δ15N values of large T. filippovae were much higher than that of small specimens. As expected, nitrogen values of lower beaks and gladii of large squids increased
from the oldest to the most recently formed region, reflecting the progressive growth of chitinized tissues in parallel with
dietary changes. Sequential sampling along the growth increments of squid beaks and gladii can likely be used to produce a
chronological record of dietary information throughout an individual’s history. 相似文献
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Grant E. Brown Camille J. Macnaughton Chris K. Elvidge Indar Ramnarine Jean-Guy J. Godin 《Behavioral ecology and sociobiology》2009,63(5):699-706
The antipredator behaviour of prey organisms is shaped by a series of threat-sensitive trade-offs between the benefits associated
with successful predator avoidance and a suite of other fitness-related behaviours such as foraging, mating and territorial
defence. Recent research has shown that the overall intensity of antipredator response and the pattern of threat-sensitive
trade-offs are influenced by current conditions, including variability in predation risk over a period of days to weeks. In
this study, we tested the hypothesis that long-term predation pressure will likewise have shaped the nature of the threat-sensitive
antipredator behaviour of wild-caught Trinidadian guppies (Poecilia reticulata). Female guppies were collected from two populations that have evolved under high- and low-predation pressure, respectively,
in the Aripo River, Northern Mountain Range, Trinidad. Under laboratory conditions, we exposed shoals of three guppies to
varying concentrations of conspecific damage-released chemical alarm cues. Lower Aripo (high-predation) guppies exhibited
the strongest antipredator response when exposed to the highest alarm cue concentration and a graded decline in response intensity
with decreasing concentrations of alarm cue. Upper Aripo (low-predation) guppies, however, exhibited a nongraded (hypersensitive)
response pattern. Our results suggest that long-term predation pressure shapes not only the overall intensity of antipredator
responses of Trinidadian guppies but also their threat-sensitive behavioural response patterns. 相似文献
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Christian Vogel Camille Rivard Verena Wilken Andreas Muskolus Christian Adam 《Ambio》2018,47(1):62-72
A pot experiment was carried out with maize to determine the phosphorus (P) plant-availability of different secondary P-fertilizers derived from wastewater. We analyzed the respective soils by P K-edge X-ray absorption near-edge structure (XANES) spectroscopy to determine the P chemical forms that were present and determine the transformation processes. Macro- and micro-XANES spectroscopy were used to determine the chemical state of the overall soil P and identify P compounds in P-rich spots. Mainly organic P and/or P adsorbed on organic matter or other substrates were detected in unfertilized and fertilized soils. In addition, there were indications for the formation of ammonium phosphates in some fertilized soils. However, this effect was not seen in the maize yield of all P-fertilizers. The observed reactions between phosphate from secondary P-fertilizers and co-fertilized nitrogen compounds should be further investigated. Formation of highly plant-available compounds such as ammonium phosphates could make secondary P-fertilizers more competitive to commercial phosphate rock-based fertilizers with positive effects on resources conservation. 相似文献
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Karimi Battle Sadet-Bourgeteau Sophie Cannavacciuolo Mario Chauvin Camille Flamin Cyril Haumont Adeline Jean-Baptiste Vincent Reibel Aurélie Vrignaud Grégory Ranjard Lionel 《Environmental Chemistry Letters》2022,20(5):3265-3288
Environmental Chemistry Letters - The global production of biogas has increased threefold during the last decade to partly replace fossil fuels, yet biogas production by anaerobic digestion... 相似文献