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701.
702.
703.
Qiang Liu Mi Li Rong Chen Zhengyue Li Guangren Qian Taicheng An Jiamo Fu Guoying Sheng 《Waste management (New York, N.Y.)》2009,29(7):2051-2058
An in situ compost biofilter was established for the treatment of odors from biostabilization processing of municipal solid waste. The concentrations of total volatile organic compounds (VOCs) in odors and their components were measured. Biofilter media was characterized in terms of total carbon (TC), total nitrogen (TN), total phosphorus (TP), organic matter (OM), pH value and determination of bacterial colony structure. Gas chromatography–mass spectrometry (GC–MS) analysis showed that the main components of the produced gas were benzene, toluene, ethylbenzene and xylene (BTEX) along with other alkanes, alkenes, terpenes, and sulphur compounds. The compost biofilter had remarkable removal ability for alkylated benzenes (>80%), but poor removal for terpenes (~30%). Total VOC concentrations in odors during the biostabilization process period ranged from 0.7 to 87 ppmv, and the VOC removal efficiency of the biofilter varied from 20% to 95%. After about 140 days operation, TN, TC, TP and OM in compost were kept almost stable, but the dissolved N, NH4–N and NO3–N experienced an increase of 44.5%, 56.2% and 76.3%, respectively. Dissolved P decreased by 27.3%. The pH value experienced an increase in the early period and finally varied from 7.38 to 8.08. Results of bacterial colony in packing material indicated that bacteria and mold colony counts increased, but yeasts and actinomyces decreased along with biofilter operation, which were respectively, 3.7, 3.4, 0.04 and 0.07 times of their initial values. 相似文献
704.
705.
以电解锰阳极泥与电解锌生产中产生的含SO_2尾气为原料,经过反应、浸出、浸出液两次净化和浓缩结晶制备硫酸锰,考察了反应时间、含SO_2尾气的流量及反应温度对Mn~(4+)转化率的影响.实验结果表明:在反应时间45 min、反应温度20~30 ℃、含SO_2尾气流量16 L/min的条件下,Mn~(4+)转化率达90%以上;尾气中SO_2利用率随尾气流量增加而降低;所得MnSO_4·H_2O产品质量达到GB1622-86<工业级硫酸锰标准>. 相似文献
706.
Uptake of organic contaminants by plant roots consists of two consecutive steps: sorption to plant roots and entrance into root xylem tissues through epidermal and endodermic membranes. Most research pertaining to phytoremediation assumed that sorption to plant roots is linear and non-competitive. A growing body of evidence, however, is suggesting that sorption to plant roots is nonlinear and competitive. The objective of this study was to examine the concentration effects of chemical constituents on the competitive sorption of trichloroethylene (TCE) and tetrachloroethylene (PCE) to the roots of Typha latifolia. Competitive sorption was clearly demonstrated by the reduced sorption of TCE and PCE in bi-solute systems than in single-solute systems. Concentration is an important factor affecting the extent of competition. In bi-solute systems, the PCE/TCE ratio on root surface approximately reflected the contaminant footprints in solution. The result was attributed to limited high energetically favorable sorption sites on the root surface and similar sorption mechanisms of TCE and PCE. The results hold significant importance for the application of phytomonitoring of organic contaminant mixtures. 相似文献
707.
Qinghao Meng Jinlian Hu KaiChiu Ho Fenglong Ji Shaojun Chen 《Journal of Polymers and the Environment》2009,17(3):212-224
The shape memory behavior of PLLA (poly(l-lactide)) and chitosan/PLLA composites was studied. PLLA and chitosan were compounded to fabricate novel materials which
may have biodegradability and biocompatibility. Chitosan does not significantly affect the glass and melting transition temperature
of the PLLA. Both the pure PLLA and chitosan/PLLA composites showed shape memory effect arising from the viscoelastic properties
of PLLA comprised of semi crystalline structures. The shape recovery ratio of the chitosan/PLLA composites decreased significantly
with increasing chitosan contents due to the incompatibility between PLLA and chitosan. Phase separation structures of the
composites were observed by using atomic force microscopy. To obtain good shape memory effect, the chitosan content should
be below 15 wt%. 相似文献
708.
Hangzhou Wang Bingzhen Chen Xiaorong He Qiu Tong Jinsong Zhao 《Process Safety and Environmental Protection》2009,87(1):40-46
As modern chemical plants are becoming more complex and bigger in scale, the associated chance of things going wrong is also increasing rapidly. Due to the flammable, explosive, toxic and corrosive nature of chemical process, any single accident may trigger a major catastrophe that brings tremendous environmental, social and economical loss. In order to prevent any accident from happening, hazard and operability (HAZOP) analysis has been brought in to monitor chemical process and provide early warning for signs of accident. However, most existing HAZOP is carried out manually, and there are always obstacles in terms of cost overrun and incompleteness of the analysis. To address the difficulties in current HAZOP method, this paper proposes a signed digraph (SDG)-based HAZOP analysis method. It is used to identify the most likely operating mistakes that may cause certain process variable deviating from its normal value, which is the main source of safety concern. A case study on polyvinyl chloride (PVC) plant is presented to demonstrate the effectiveness of SDG-based HAZOP analysis method in providing complete analysis result. 相似文献
709.
710.
学龄儿童肺功能水平影响因素的研究 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
用逐步回归分析方法对与室内、外空气污染和机体状况等有关的因素对广州市学龄儿童肺功能 (FVC、FEV1 、PEFR和 FEF2 5~ 75 )水平的影响进行研究。结果提示 ,影响肺功能水平的主要因素是内因 ,身高的影响最明显 ,呼吸系统疾病或症状发生与肺功能水平下降有关 ;室外空气污染使肺功能水平下降 ,SO2 、NOx 和 PM2 .5 的影响明显 ,PM2 .5 的影响明显大于 PM1 0 和 TSP;居室或厨房通风不良、家庭烹饪用不洁燃料对儿童肺功能的生长不利 ;被动吸烟对女性儿童肺功能有不利影响。对各种影响因素 ,PEFR和 FEF2 5~ 75 比 FVC和 FEV1 更为敏感 相似文献