生活垃圾预处理后续堆肥化通风方式优化研究

以宜昌市垃圾综合处理场预处理后的筛下物为研究对象,研究了不同通风方式对后续堆肥化效果的影响。对堆体温度、pH、堆高、耗氧速率、腐熟度等指标的监测结果表明,通风方式为"每半小时通风8 min,每天开风机8 h。温度降低到35℃时,停止通风"时,后续堆肥化效果最好。     

Fe-pillared bentonite,a stable Fenton catalyst for treatment of petroleum refinery wastewater

Fe-pillared bentonite (Fe-Bent) was prepared by ion exchange as heterogeneous catalyst for degradation of organic contaminants in petroleum refinery wastewater. X-ray diffraction analysis showed the existence of α-Fe₂O₃. The effects of pH, H₂O₂ concentration, and catalyst dosage on the rate of lowering the chemical oxygen demand (COD) were investigated in detail. Removal efficiency of COD can be up to 92% under the following conditions: dosage of Fe-Bent 7 g L^?1, pH value 3, and H₂O₂ concentration 10 mmol L^?1. Fe-Bent showed good stability for the degradation of organics in petroleum refinery wastewater for five cycles. The adsorption of organics in wastewater onto Fe-Bent could be well described by a pseudo-second-order kinetic model.     

移动床生物膜反应器处理生活污水的研究

通过小试规模的移动床生物膜反应器(MBBR)处理陕西科技大学污水处理厂生活污水的实验研究,探讨了水力停留时间、冲击负荷、pH对反应器处理效果的影响。实验结果表明,在HRT为10 h,进水ρ(COD)为300 mg/L,ρ(NH3-N)为35 mg/L,填料体积填充率为35%,pH为7左右时,MBBR反应器对COD、TN的去除率分别为87.38%、68%。     

中国水泥企业能源消耗特征分析

基于我国2007年水泥熟料全口径4 305家企业的能源消耗数据,分析了我国熟料生产企业的能耗特征,结论是企业分散,生产规模小(15.12×104 t/a),单位熟料能耗高(0.14 tce/t)。通过聚类分析,将熟料企业分为4类,提出小型企业是我国节能降耗和淘汰、重组与整合的重点。如果到2020年,全部淘汰小型企业和中型企业,则可以比基准情景节能0.19亿t标煤。     

Mining disturbance effect and mining arrangements analysis of near-fault mining in high tectonic stress region

Dynamic disasters can be easily induced by mining disturbance in the tectonic stress concentration region near the fault. Based on the fault Coulomb failure stress criterion, a dynamic Coulomb failure stress increment model is established for quantitative assessment of mining disturbance effect. Furthermore, the disturbance effects of two possible working face arrangements near the same fault are compared by using the proposed dynamic Coulomb failure stress model and numerical method. The results show that Coulomb failure stress increment, as a comprehensive mechanical parameter, can well reflect the mining disturbance to the stress environment of fault. The disturbance effect on the fault in the case of the working face perpendicular to fault is much less than that of the working face parallel to fault, therefore the dynamic disaster risk induced by the former arrangement is much lower.     

难以忘怀的鱼水情

1976年7月28日凌晨,举世罕见的唐山大地震发生了。从此,每年到“7．28”这天,我都不由自主的想起那段难以忘怀的军民鱼水深情。     

Enhanced degradation of trichloroethylene using bentonite-supported nanoscale Fe/Ni and humic acids

Nanoscale zero-valent iron, named nano-Fe⁰, is a reagent used to degrade trichloroethylene in groundwater. However, the efficiency of nano-Fe⁰ is moderate due to issues of dispersion and reactivity. As an alternative we synthesized bentonite-supported nanoscale Fe/Ni bimetals, named bentonite-Fe/Ni, to test the degradation of trichloroethylene in the presence of Suwannee River humic acids, as a representative of natural organic matter. 0.1 mmol/L trichloroethylene was reacted with 0.5 g/L of nano-Fe⁰, bentonite-Fe, Fe/Ni, and bentonite-Fe/Ni nanoparticles. Results show first that without humic acids the reaction rate constants k _obs were 0.0036/h for nano-Fe⁰, 0.0101/h for bentonite-Fe, 0.0984/h for Fe/Ni, and 0.181/h for bentonite-Fe/Ni. These findings show that bentonite-Fe/Ni is the most efficient reagent. Second, the addition of humic acids increased the rate constant from 0.178/h for 10 mg/L humic acids to 0.652/h for 40 mg/L humic acids, using the bentonite-Fe/Ni catalyst. This finding is explained by accelerated dechlorination by faster electron transfer induced by humic quinone moieties. Indeed, the use of 9, 10-anthraquinone-2, 6-disulfonate as a humic analogue gave similar results.     

消防员地震救援防护头盔的研制

本文通过对消防员地震救援过程中防护头盔的功能分析,提出了救援头盔的设计思路和需要实现的技术指标,从而为研制地震救援用防护头盔提供依据。     

紧急启动及停炉后增压锅炉热防护砖衬结构的强度分析

针对船用增压锅炉在频繁启、停炉过程中,热防护砖衬结构中的耐火材料易出现的断裂、脱落等问题,采用有限元分析法对热防护砖衬结构进行强度校核,分析出现损伤的结构部件及耐火材料发生断裂的原因,对增压锅炉的安全使用与预防损坏具有一定的参考意义。     

天灾死亡人数不再是国家机密

近年来灾情数字已逐步公开 根据形势发展和救灾工作的需要,从2005年8月起,我国对全国及省、自治区、直辖市因自然灾害导致死亡人员的总数及相关资料解密。