Naphtha- und Anthrachinonredoxharze sowie hydrophile Mischkondensationsredoxharze

The Science of Nature -     

Impact of moisture on volatility of heavy metals in municipal solid waste incinerated in a laboratory scale simulated incinerator

In this work, the impact of moisture on the volatility of heavy metals present in municipal solid wastes (MSW) in a laboratory scale simulated incinerator was studied, using synthetic waste consisting of 5.4 g of wood powder, 2.6 g lava, 1.9 polythene, 0.19 g polyvinyl chloride, and a given quantity of water and heavy metals represented by lead, zinc and copper in forms of metallic, chlorides and oxides. It is found that the presence of high moisture in MSW will greatly reduce the volatilization of heavy metals in MSW in the incineration process. The volatilization behavior of chlorides, oxides and the metallic species with respect to the effect of moistures is quite different. For copper, the presence of moisture in MSW depresses the volatilization of oxides, and increases that of chloride and the metallic species, while in contrast, the volatilization of both lead and zinc is always depressed by the presence of moisture in MSW, regardless of the chemical forms used. The chemical mechanisms, which govern the volatilization behaviors of different chemical forms in the incineration process, are proposed. Hydrolysis, dewatering of hydrolyzed species, sublimation, chemical transformation of less volatiles to more volatiles or reverse, may participate in and affect the volatilization of heavy metals in MSW.     

近52年江西省汛期极端降水事件的时空变化

利用江西省1960～2011年汛期83个台站逐日降水资料,首先定义了不同台站的极端降水阈值,统计各站近52a逐年汛期极端降水事件的发生频次,进而分析其时空分布特征。结果表明：江西省极端降水量阈值的地域分布呈从西到东、从南到北递增的特征。江西汛期极端降水事件发生频次的最主要空间模态是主体一致性,同时存在北部与中南部反位相变化的差异。江西汛期极端降水事件发生频次具有较大的空间差异,可分为具有不同空间特征的5个主要区域。滑动t检验表明,Ⅰ区代表站玉山的极端降水事件在1976年后和1986年后分别发生了由偏多转为偏少和由偏少转为偏多的突变;Ⅱ区代表站永丰在1974年后和1984年后分别发生了由偏少转为偏多和由偏多到偏少的突变。通过最大熵谱分析表明,各分区以2～6 a的年际变化周期最为普遍,其中Ⅴ区还存在13 a的年代际变化周期。从气候因子分析看,前期5～6月和冬季赤道东太平洋海温对江西汛期极端降水事件存在显著影响     

Hepatoprotective activity of 1-(4-(Dimethylamino)Benzylidene)-5-(2-Oxoindolin-3-ylidene) Thiocarbohydrazone in rats

The aim of the present study was to evaluate the hepatoprotective activity of 1-(4-(dimethylamino)benzylidene)-5-(2-oxoindolin-3-ylidene) thiocarbohydrazone, a novel isatin derivative against carbon tetrachloride (CCl₄)-induced hepatotoxicity in rats. Hepatic damage was induced by administration of CCl₄ (1 ml/kg, b.w., p.o.) in combination with liquid paraffin (1:1) as a single dose. The hepatotoxic rats were treated with test compound at doses of 50 or 100 mg/kg for three days and liver damage biomarkers, including activities of serum glutamate pyruvate transaminase (SGPT), serum glutamate oxaloacetate transaminase (SGOT), serum alkaline phosphatase (ALP), and levels of total serum bilirubin (TB) measured in blood samples. Results demonstrated that treatment with test compound at doses of 50 or 100 mg/kg to hepatotoxic rats produced a significant dose-dependent reduction of elevated SGOT, SGPT, ALP activities and TB levels indicating a hepatoprotective effect that was confirmed by histopathological examination of liver tissues. The study results confirmed the hepatoprotective activity of 1-(4-(dimethylamino)benzylidene)-5-(2-oxoindolin-3-ylidene) thiocarbohydrazone in rats.     

Plasma lipid profiles and risk of cardiovascular disease on occupational exposure in Karimnagar

Occupational exposure is unregulated in developing countries like India, and becoming the most common cause of disease of environmental origin. The present study was aimed to investigate the effects of occupational exposure on plasma lipid profiles, and risk of cardiovascular diseases. A total of 79 human volunteers were included in the study. Control subjects were healthy housewives of Karimnagar, India. Occupationally exposed individuals included different occupational workers like petrol station attendants, battery chargers, drivers, welders, pesticide-exposed workers, painters, and auto mechanics. These subjects were shown to be chronic occupationally-exposed for at least three years, and neither associated with any other chronic pathological conditions like hypertension or diabetes, nor under any medication other than analgesics during the month preceding the study. Subjects with excessive high or low caloric intake were excluded from the study. Total cholesterol (TC), LDL cholesterol, triglycerides (TG), VLDL cholesterol, LDL/HDL cholesterol, and TC/HDL ratio in these subjects were significantly higher than those in control subjects, whereas HDL cholesterol was not markedly affected. Blood pressure (systolic and diastolic), and other anthropometric parameters (body mass index (BMI), body fat index (BFI), body surface area (BSA)) were not significantly different between groups. Data suggest that chronic occupational exposure increases plasma lipid levels and is thereby associated with cardiovascular complications.