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161.
Yuan Lilai Liu Jia Huang Ying Shen Gongming Pang Sen Wang Chengju Li Yingren Mu Xiyan 《Environmental science and pollution research international》2022,29(58):87402-87412
Environmental Science and Pollution Research - To comprehensively understand the toxic risks of phthalates to aquatic ecosystems, we examined the acute toxicity of di-(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate... 相似文献
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高温堆肥对猪粪中四环素类抗生素及抗性基因的影响 总被引:6,自引:0,他引:6
为了研究高温堆肥对猪粪中抗生素及抗生素抗性基因的影响,对不同堆肥处理中的四环素类抗生素(四环素、土霉素、金霉素)及其抗性基因(tetA、tetC、tetG、tetM、tetQ、tetW)的动态变化进行了定量研究.结果表明:低剂量组(10 mg·kg~(-1))中四环素、土霉素、金霉素的去除率分别为91%、94%、92%,高剂量组(50 mg·kg-1)中四环素、土霉素、金霉素的去除率分别为60%、62%、71%.在堆肥过程中,抗生素处理组目标基因相对丰度高于对照组,而低剂量组目标基因相对丰度(tetW除外)又普遍高于高剂量组.经堆肥处理后,tetA的相对丰度增加,tetC、tetG、tetM、tetQ、tetW的相对丰度均下降.高温堆肥可以有效去除猪粪中一定浓度的四环素类抗生素,并对四环素类抗性基因也有一定的削减作用. 相似文献
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测试了聚四氟乙烯(PTFE)复合膜材料的透湿性和对氯化钠气溶胶、粉末状微生物枯草芽孢杆菌黑色变种(ATCC9372)、液体中脊髓灰质炎病毒疫苗株的防护性能。结果表明,该复合膜材料有良好的透湿性能,同时对氯化钠气溶胶、粉末状和液体中的微生物均具有良好的防护性能。 相似文献
166.
Hong He Guangyan Xu Wenpo Shan Yunbo Yu Yulong Shan Xiaodong Wu Ye Wu Shaojun Zhang Liqiang He Shijin Shuai Hailong Pang Xuefeng Jiang Heng Zhang Lei Guo Shufen Wang Feng-Shou Xiao Xiangju Meng Feng Wu Dongwei Yao Yan Ding Hang Yin 《环境科学学报(英文版)》2023,123(1):15-29
Diesel vehicles have caused serious environmental problems in China. Hence, the Chinese government has launched serious actions against air pollution and imposed more stringent regulations on diesel vehicle emissions in the latest China VI standard. To fulfill this stringent legislation, two major technical routes, including the exhaust gas recirculation (EGR) and high-efficiency selective catalytic reduction (SCR) routes, have been developed for diesel engines. Moreover, complicated aftertreatment technologies have also been developed, including use of a diesel oxidation catalyst (DOC) for controlling carbon monoxide (CO) and hydrocarbon (HC) emissions, diesel particulate filter (DPF) for particle mass (PM) emission control, SCR for the control of NOx emission, and an ammonia slip catalyst (ASC) for the control of unreacted NH3. Due to the stringent requirements of the China VI standard, the aftertreatment system needs to be more deeply integrated with the engine system. In the future, aftertreatment technologies will need further upgrades to fulfill the requirements of the near-zero emission target for diesel vehicles. 相似文献
167.
针对大排量、高压力页岩气压裂施工作业中存在的高压管汇失效风险,分析了某公司近年来的高压管汇失效事故事件,识别出了常见的失效形式及部位,构建了基于计算流体力学的固液两相流射流模型,模拟计算了失效的破坏力和伤害范围。研究结果表明:刺漏是高压管汇最常见失效形式,弯头、三通等应力集中区是刺漏失效的高危部位; 100 MPa工况时刺漏影响范围可达100 m,离刺漏点1 m处,流体流速为260 m/s,打击压力达3.5 GPa,远超防护钢板抗剪切强度。根据风险分析及事故模拟结果,从本质安全、工艺改进、管理、信息化提升4个维度提出了防控措施,为页岩气压裂施工作业安全防控措施的制定提供了参考。 相似文献
168.
Jie Pang 《International Journal of Green Energy》2016,13(10):1035-1041
Char reaction is an important stage of the combustion processes of biomass particles. It dominates the burnout of biomass particles. The instantaneous char reaction processes of biomass particles in a hot gas with temperature fluctuation are studied. Two types of biomass fuels, i.e. pine and thistle, are chosen for the present investigation. The instantaneous mass variations of biomass particles with initial diameters of 100, 200, and 300 μm are calculated under different conditions. The gas temperature fluctuation leads to faster mass loss for both pine and thistle particles. The char reaction of biomass particles is further enhanced by increase in the fluctuation amplitude of gas temperature. 相似文献
169.
Yuchen Pang Jingjing Huang Jinying Xi Hongying Hu Yun Zhu 《Frontiers of Environmental Science & Engineering》2016,10(3):522-530
Antibiotic resistance is a serious public health risk that may spread via potable and reclaimed water. Effective disinfection is important for inactivation of antibiotic-resistant bacteria and disruption of antibiotic resistance genes. Ampicillin is a widely prescribed antibiotic but its effectiveness is increasingly undermined by resistance. In this study, changes in ampicillin resistance for Escherichia coli (E. coli) CGMCC 1.1595 were analyzed after exposure to different doses of ultraviolet (UV) or chlorine, and damage incurred by the plasmid encoding ampicillin resistance gene bla TEM-1 was assessed. We reported a greater stability in ampicillinresistant E. coli CGMCC 1.1595 after UV irradiation or chlorination when compared with previously published data for other E. coli strains. UV irradiation and chlorination led to a shift in the mortality frequency distributions of ampicillin-resistant E. coli when subsequently exposed to ampicillin. The ampicillin hemiinhibitory concentration (IC50) without disinfection was 3800 mg·L–1, and an increment was observed after UV irradiation or chlorination. The IC50 of ampicillin-resistant E. coli was 1.5-fold higher at a UV dose of 40 mJ·cm–2, and was 1.4-fold higher when exposed to 2.0 mg·L–1 chlorine. These results indicate that UV irradiation and chlorination can potentially increase the risk of selection for E. coli strains with high ampicillin resistance. There was no evident damage to bla TEM-1 after 1–10 mg Cl2·L–1 chlorination, while a UV dose of 80 mJ·cm–2 yielded a damage ratio for bla TEM-1 of approximately 1.2-log. Therefore, high UV doses are required for effective disruption of antibiotic resistance genes in bacteria. 相似文献
170.