A factor analysis of residents’ performance in municipal solid waste source-separated collection: A case study of pilot cities in China

To explore the potential effectiveness of a localized waste recycling system in Chinese cities, several rounds of a municipal solid waste source-separated collection (MSWSC) program were implemented throughout China from 2000 to 2017. In our study, to evaluate the achievements of the MSWSC program, a structured questionnaire survey and face-to-face interviews were conducted in eight representative cities from the MSWSC pilot cities. Influencing factors were examined via a Hierarchical Linear Model (HLM) on both the individual level and the city level. The differences in MSWSC performance among the eight research cities were investigated through a comparative analysis. The results suggested that gender, age, knowledge of MSWSC, satisfaction with sanitation and satisfaction with publicity had significant impacts on MSWSC, and we further found that the city-level factors influenced the relationship between MSWSC performance and the individual-level variables. Differences among the eight research sites indicated that Nanjing and Hangzhou exhibited relatively high achievements in the implementation of MSWSC program, while Yichun and Guiyang showed poor performance. The experiences of these advanced pilot cities suggest that specific containers for designated waste types, widespread public education, and sufficient MSWSC incentives must be provided and publicized to promote municipal solid waste recycling behaviors. Given the unique status of municipal solid waste management in China and its regional heterogeneity, the MSWSC system should be further discussed with regard to local conditions in a wider range of city settings.

Implications: This study attempts to discuss the factors affecting performance on municipal solid waste source-separated collection (MSWSC) by considering the nested data of two levels of individual and city from a structured questionnaire survey. Therefore, a Hierarchical Linear Model is established which can analyze the intra-group and inter-group effects of two-level variables. The proposed method can be expanded to other cities to determine the main factors affecting MSWSC or to evaluate the residents’ performance on MSWSC.     

Effect of applying persulfate on the accumulation of arsenic in rice plants grown in arsenic-contaminated paddy soil

Environmental Science and Pollution Research - Arsenic is known to be a notorious human carcinogen and rice consumption is becoming the primary human exposure route for As, especially in many Asian...     

Removal of harmful cyanobacterial blooms in Taihu Lake using local soils. III. Factors affecting the removal efficiency and an in situ field experiment using chitosan-modified local soils

Effects of ionic strength, pH, organic content, cell concentration, and growth phase on the removal of MA cells using chitosan-modified sepiolite were studied in the laboratory. The MA removal efficiency increased with the increase of salinity for normal clay flocculation. In contrast, for chitosan-modified clays/soils, MA removal efficiency increased with the decrease of salinity. The removal efficiency of chitosan-modified sepiolite was not significantly affected by pH (6-9), but dropped dramatically beyond pH 10. Humic acid had a small negative effect on the removal of MA cells. Cells were removed more effectively by clays around the early senescence growth phase than other growth stages. The removal efficiency increased as the cell concentration increased. In a field enclosure of Taihu Lake, a loading of 0.025 g/L chitosan-modified local soils removed 99% algal cells and no increase of chlorophyll-a was observed during the following one month's monitoring process.     

电镀污泥中铜和镍的湿法冶金回收技术研究进展

电镀污泥中含有多种高品位的金属元素,以铜和镍的湿法回收利用为重点,综述了国内外电镀污泥中重金属元素铜、镍的资源化综合利用的研究进展。     

论蓬家夼金矿的地质特征及成因——与聂爱国等商榷

蓬家夼金矿是山东乳山地区新发现的金矿类型 ,受荆山群中的构造角砾岩系控制 ,沿胶莱盆地边缘莱阳组砾岩与荆山群副变质岩的构造接触带分布。矿体严格受滑脱构造控制 ,与荆山群变质杂岩中的大理岩、含石墨岩系关系密切。矿床地球化学特征表明 ,矿质主要来自围岩荆山群地层。认为蓬家夼金矿是在白垩系火山活动期间 ,以大气降水为主的混合水循环系统 ,萃取围岩 (主要是荆山群 )中的成矿物质 ,沿滑脱断层沉淀形成的 ,而不是前人所确定的沉积 -改造作用形成的新类型金矿床。     

应用油团聚技术洁净烟煤的主要影响因素研究(一)

介绍了油团聚(SGHFF)技术脱除烟煤灰分的过程。经过四步浮选后,灰分的去除率可达到86.8％;探讨了影响油团聚技术过程的主要因素,为洗煤厂及煤矿的细煤泥的处理及解决环境问题提供有效途经。     

常压制备秸秆活性炭对水溶液中磷元素的吸附

开发了非真空制备秸秆活性炭的新方法,以稻草秸秆为原料,醋酸钙和氯化锌为活化剂,经热处理,一步合成改性秸秆活性炭。XRD图谱显示,产物为碳酸钙改性活性炭;SEM和TEM的表征结果显示,该活性炭具有微米-纳米多维孔结构,碳酸钙颗粒均匀分布在活性炭的表面和基体中;BET比表面积实验测得不同浓度碳酸钙改性活性炭的比表面积在324~846 m2/g之间。含磷水溶液吸附实验表明,当改性活性炭中碳酸钙含量为1.5%时,活性炭具有最大吸附速率1.76 L/mg;碳酸钙含量为2.0%时,活性炭具有最大吸附容量3.21 mg/g。改性活性炭对磷元素的吸附过程符合Langmuir模型,说明改性活性炭对磷的吸附为单分子层吸附。     

基于层状土推覆方法的盾构隧道抗震性能分析

当前对于地铁盾构隧道进行抗震分析时多基于弹性假设的简化设计方法,难以体现土体和结构的非线性特征;而动力时程分析具有耗时长,工作量大,考虑因素多等缺点使其在工程设计中的广泛应用受到限制。地下结构静力推覆方法具有概念清晰,考虑土体与结构相互作用,相比动力方法耗时大大减少等优点。而自适应层状土推覆分析可以改善地下结构静力推覆法的地震荷载加载模式,使之在含软弱夹层的场地中同样具有较高的精度。通过建立二维的土体-结构相互作用模型,采用自适应层状土推覆分析法对实际的单线地铁盾构隧道横断面进行拟静力弹塑性分析。绘制了其抗震性能曲线并发现了相对薄弱处的位置,并与动力时程的分析结果进行了比较,证明该方法有良好的精度。同时采用该方法对地铁盾构隧道抗震响应做了参数分析,给出了管片混凝土标号和土体模量的改变对隧道薄弱点受力的影响。     

不同裂隙形式类岩体单轴压缩破坏特征研究

采用水泥砂浆制作具有不同倾角、不同裂隙形式和不同岩桥间距的预制裂隙类岩体试样,开展单轴压缩试验。基于滑动裂纹理论,分析在单轴压缩作用下类岩体破坏受力特征和破坏形式。结果表明:裂隙形式、裂隙倾角和岩桥长度等参数变化对试样强度和破坏形式有较大影响,且在不同破坏模式中起主要作用的控制性参数不一样;对于不同倾角的单裂隙和平行双裂隙试样在单轴压缩破坏形式基本类似,当倾角在0°~90°变化时,它们的峰值强度随倾角的变化趋势呈下凹型,当岩桥倾角为45°时试样的峰值强度最低;对于不同岩桥长度不共面断续裂隙试样,试样的抗压强度会随着岩桥长度的增大而逐渐增大,而对于共面断续裂隙试样裂隙岩桥长度为20 mm左右时最容易被破坏     

双线地铁盾构隧道的拟静力弹塑性抗震分析∗

目前地铁抗震设计规范中常用的地下结构抗震设计方法主要是位移响应法和应变传递法。这两种方法都是基于弹性假设,不能体现土体和地下结构的非线性。在刘晶波提出的地下结构Pushover分析方法的基础上,利用自主编制的一维土层地震反应分析软件APALS给出了随着地震动幅值增大而逐渐变化的地震荷载加载模式,并针对实际的双线地铁盾构隧道进行了拟静力弹塑性抗震分析,对其抗震性能进行了评价。结果表明:(1)隧道内力趋于一个极限值;(2)隧道的内力在θ=45°、135°、225°和315°的位置最大;(3)在隧道尚未破坏时,隧道周围的土层已经先达到破坏状态。