Towards a multidisciplinary and integrated strategy in the assessment of adverse health effects related to air pollution: the case study of Cracow (Poland) and asthma

Complex interaction between anthropogenic activities, air quality and human health in urban areas, such as in Cracow sustains the need for the development of an interdisciplinary and integrated risk-assessment methodology. In such purpose, we propose a pilot study performed on asthmatics and based on a combined use of a biomarker, such as metallothionein 2A (MT-2A) in the characterization of human exposure to one or a mixture of pollutants and of Geographical Information Systems (G.I.S.) which integrates climatic and urban anthropogenic parameters in the assessment of spatio-temporal dispersion of air pollutants. Considering global incidence of air pollution on asthma and on peripheral blood lymphocytes MT-2A expression should provide a complementary information on biological risks linked to urban anthropogenic activities. Such study would help for the establishment of a sustainable development in urban areas that can maintain the integrity of air quality and preserve human health.     

Anatomy of a domino accident: Roots,triggers and lessons learnt

On July 24th, 2010, several explosions and fires devastated a hydrocarbon processing plant in Kharg Island, Iran. Four workers were killed and many others were severely injured. The plant became out of service for 80 days. The way the accident happened and its sequence was representing as a domino accident. In this paper, events leading up to the disaster have been analyzed in details. Graphic presentation techniques such as Fish Bone Analysis and Event Sequence Diagram (ESD) have been utilized to enhance the understanding of the accident mechanism. Finally major lessons learnt from this domino accident have been addressed.     

印染行业特种设备的风险评价与责任保险研究

特种设备在印染行业的广泛应用带来经济效益的同时也伴随着事故和风险,政府部门一直探寻有效的风险管理手段。近年来,保险作为转移风险的有效方式在安全生产方面备受关注,然而其在印染行业的特种设备中的应用还不够成熟。因此,文章根据印染行业特种设备的风险特点,着重从人、机、环、管四个方面分析其风险,并运用作业危险性评价法(LEC)评估作业人员的风险等级、计算事故最大可能损失(MPL)、运用等级系数安全评价法评估企业的安全性,从而量化印染企业的责任风险,应用于责任保险的保费费率浮动计算中。     

环境科技创新在绿色经济发展中的应用与实践研究

在雾霾天气越来越严重、环境污染日益恶化的背景下,环境的污染问题明显突出,也成为经济发展的一大障碍。为此,绿色经济发展得到更多人的认识和赞同。人们在发展经济的同时,重视绿色经济的发展,同时更重视环境科技创新在绿色经济发展中的应用。绿色文明是追求人类和自然界的和谐统一,环境保护与经济发展的协调发展。它需要对绿色资源的可持续利用,资源利用不能超过替代资源的发展速度;污染排放量不能超过自净系统的自然规律,科学合理地利用资源。科技创新、绿色文明符合中国当前可持续发展的总体要求,是发展绿色循环经济的思想基础。     

Integral stormwater management master plan and design in an ecological community

Urban stormwater runoff nearly discharges directly into bodies of water through gray infrastructure in China, such as sewers, impermeable ditches, and pump stations. As urban flooding, water shortage, and other environment problems become serious, integrated water environment management is becoming increasingly complex and challenging. At more than 200 ha, the Oriental Sun City community is a large retirement community located in the eastern side of Beijing. During the beginning of its construction, the project faced a series of serious water environment crises such as eutrophication, flood risk, water shortage, and high maintenance costs. To address these issues, an integral storrnwater management master plan was developed based on the concept of low impact development （LID）. A large number of LID and green stormwater infrastructure （GSI） approaches were designed and applied in the community to replace traditional stormwater drainage systems completely. These approaches mainly included bioretention （which captured nearly 85th percentile volume of the annual runoff in the site, nearly 5.4 x 10^5 m3 annually）, swales （which functioned as a substitute for traditional stormwater pipes）, waterscapes, and stormwater wetlands. Finally, a stormwater system plan was proposed by integrating with the gray water system, landscape planning, an architectural master plan, and related consultations that supported the entire construction period. After more than 10 years of planning, designing, construction, and operation, Oriental Sun City has become one of the earliest modem large-scale LID communities in China. Moreover, the project not only addressed the crisis efficiently and effectively, but also yielded economic and ecological benefits.     

工业源挥发性有机化合物减排与控制的研究

当前,中国是亚洲地区甚至是全球最大的工业产品制造和消费国家,这就不可避免地导致挥发性有机化合物排放量大幅度上升,但是挥发性有机化合物对人类、动植物以及区域大气环境质量有很大的负面影响,现就以未来最大的工业源挥发性有机化合物为核心,对其减排和控制技术进行分析和探讨,并得出如下结论:对VOCs污染应该积极展开调查和监测;从制定工业VOCs排放标准及打标技术防止新的污染蔓延;发展先进的VOCs污染控制技术来着手治理现状。     

长输管道干线相连法兰泄漏治理

以川气东送某输气站场与干线相连法兰泄漏为例,通过对带压封堵处理、碳纤维复合材料修复、应力消除紧固法以及卡具封堵技术治理方案进行对比分析,总结出如有沉降应力因素影响,应先消除相应管段应力作用,在做好防护措施前提下,实施高压卡具注胶封堵技术消除漏点。在对川气东送某输气站场实际应用处理泄漏时,采取了应力消除紧固法进行处理,最终成功消除了此处与干线相连接的泄漏点。