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171.
利用二维显式有限元场地地震反应分析程序,把不同频谱特性的地震动作为输入基岩的SH波,探讨了阶跃基岩覆盖土层场地地震动空间分布特征,重点研究了覆盖土层厚度和土层性状对场地地表加速度峰值和反应谱的影响。研究表明:对于阶跃基岩覆盖土层场地,覆盖土层厚度变化对相应区域地表地震反应有较为明显的影响,对土层厚度不变区域的地表地震反应影响不明显。土层性状对阶跃基岩覆盖土层场地地表的加速度峰值和反应谱均有重要的影响。软土和上软土下硬土组合土层场地地表的加速度峰值要比硬土场地地表上的大。软土场地中反应谱的峰值要比硬土场地中反应谱的峰值大,硬土场地反应谱峰值对应的周期较短,软土场地反应谱峰值对应的周期较长。土层性状对地震动反应谱的影响,主要体现在短周期分量上。 相似文献
172.
Temporal changes in Ephemeroptera, Plecoptera and Trichoptera (EPT) abundance were investigated monthly from January to December
2008 at a tropical forest stream of Tupah River (TR) at Gunung Jerai Forest Reserve, Malaysia. A total of 1,689 adult individuals
belong to 16 families of EPT were collected from TR. EPT populations peaked in May, June and December. Mean EPT abundance
was significantly different among months (Kruskal–Wallis test, P < 0.05). Among the three orders, Trichoptera had the most diverse community with eight families reported, followed by Ephemeroptera
(six families) and Plecoptera (two families). The family Baetidae was the most abundant ephemeropteran. Meanwhile, caddisfly
families Hydropsychidae, Leptoceridae and Lepidostomatidae were abundant at TR. However, plecopterans were mainly represented
by Perlidae. There was significant difference in abundance (t = 4.863, P < 0.05) and diversity (t = 7.857, P < 0.05) of EPT adults between dry and wet seasons. Interestingly, abundance of EPT adults was higher in the dry season compared
to the wet season. Consequently, seasonality impact on abundance of EPT adults at TR was obvious. The adult population of
Trichoptera was dominant during the dry season. However, adults of Ephemeroptera were abundant during the wet season. 相似文献
173.
174.
Abdul Shukor Abdul Aziz Latifah Abd Manaf Hasfalina Che Man Nadavala Siva Kumar 《Environmental science and pollution research international》2014,21(13):7996-8005
This paper investigates the adsorption characteristics of palm oil boiler mill fly ash (POFA) derived from an agricultural waste material in removing Cd(II) and Cu(II) from aqueous solution via column studies. The performance of the study is described through the breakthrough curves concept under relevant operating conditions such as column bed depths (1, 1.5, and 2 cm) and influent metal concentrations (5, 10, and 20 mg/L). The Cd(II) and Cu(II) uptake mechanism is particularly bed depth- and concentration-dependant, favoring higher bed depth and lower influent metal concentration. The highest bed capacity of 34.91 mg Cd(II)/g and 21.93 mg Cu(II)/g of POFA was achieved at 20 mg/L of influent metal concentrations, column bed depth of 2 cm, and flow rate of 5 mL/min. The whole breakthrough curve simulation for both metal ions were best described using the Thomas and Yoon–Nelson models, but it is apparent that the initial region of the breakthrough for Cd(II) was better described using the BDST model. The results illustrate that POFA could be utilized effectively for the removal of Cd(II) and Cu(II) ions from aqueous solution in a fixed-bed column system. 相似文献
175.
通过对六硝基茋(HNS)生产过程中第二段工艺的产品洗涤废水进行水质分析,针对该段废水含有大量吡啶和多种溴代和硝基芳香类化合物的特点,探究了减压蒸馏耦合锌碳微电解法处理二段洗水的效果并优化工艺参数。结果显示,70℃条件下,二段洗水蒸馏至原体积的86.9%时,蒸馏剩余废水TOC去除率为44%,并且此前收集的馏分中吡啶浓度为10%~31.9%(V/V)。减压蒸馏工艺起到收集吡啶同时降低废水TOC的双重作用。减压蒸馏后,残留在废水中的有机物以溴代和硝基芳香化合物为主,采用微电解工艺,其条件优化实验的结果显示,在废水初始pH=1.0,锌投加量为25 g/L,锌碳投加比为1∶1,反应60 min后,废水TOC去除率为33%,采用多级微电解工艺可提高去除效果。 相似文献
176.
177.
178.
Yanlin Wu Haixia Yuan Guanran Wei Shanduan Zhang Hongjing Li Wenbo Dong 《Environmental science and pollution research international》2013,20(1):3-9
4-Tert-octylphenol (4-t-OP), a kind of endocrine-disrupting compounds, is widely distributed in natural water surroundings but can hardly be biodegraded. The advanced oxidation processes (AOPs) have been proved to be an efficient method to degrade 4-t-OP. In this study, the photodegradation of 4-t-OP in aqueous solution promoted by Fe(III) and the photooxidation mechanism were investigated. The ferric perchlorate was added into the aqueous solution for the production of hydroxyl radical. The efficiency of mineralization was monitored by total organic carbon analyzer, and photooxidation products were determined by high-performance liquid chromatography and liquid chromatography-mass spectrometer. 4-t-OP (2.4?×?10?5 M) in aqueous solution was completely degraded after 45 min in the presence of Fe(III) (1.2?×?10?3 M) under UV irradiation (λ?=?365 nm). The optimal pH was 3.5. Higher Fe(III) concentration or lower initial 4-t-OP concentration led to increased photodegradation efficiency of 4-t-OP. The reaction was almost completely inhibited in the presence of 2-propanol. About 70 % mineralization of the solution was obtained after 50 h. The photooxidation product was supposed to be 4-tert-octyl catechol. 4-t-OP in aqueous solution can be degraded in the presence of Fe(III) under the solar irradiation. The photoinduced degradation is due to the reaction with hydroxyl radicals. It shows that the 4-t-OP is mineralized by the inducement of Fe(III) aquacomplexes, which exposes to solar light. Therefore, the results would provide useful information for the potential application of the AOPs to remove 4-t-OP in water surroundings. 相似文献
179.
Yue Che Kai Yang Enuo Wu Zhaoyi Shang Weining Xiang 《Environmental monitoring and assessment》2012,184(12):7425-7438
Restoration of urban streams and rivers has increased rapidly in developing countries in recent years. Estimating river health provides a new perspective on evaluating the ecological conditions of streams and rivers. The Suzhou Creek restoration project in Shanghai, China is a milestone for environmental protection. Based on the environmental and ecological data, including 17 indicators in five categories, collected from March 11 to April 20, 2007, the river health index (RHI) for Suzhou Creek was constructed and analysed to quantify the ecosystem of this urban river after a restoration project. The RHI scores of 34 sites ranged from 19.24 to 33.36, i.e. from poor to good. There were no significant RHI differences among stream orders, while differences in land use resulted in significant differences in channel flow status (B12), channel alteration (B21), channel sinuosity (B22), bank stability (B23), bank profile type (B25) and riparian vegetative zone width (B31). River restoration led to improved hydrological condition and channel physical form, while ammonia nitrogen (B44) and indicator scores of the presence of macro-invertebrate families (B51) were the lowest of any indicator. This case study supports the use of river health assessment as a supplement to water quality analysis in China. 相似文献
180.
为定量评估高含硫天然气开敞空间泄漏过程中风速、风向、泄漏速度、泄漏方向对毒害后果的影响,以天然气净化厂管道泄漏为例,采用正交实验设计方法设计实验场景,基于CFD进行泄漏扩散仿真实验,以吸入剂量、毒害面积、最大毒害面积到达时间、毒害体积、最大毒害体积到达时间作为毒害效应指标,分析不同因素对毒害后果的影响,并提出后果控制建议。研究结果表明:采用CFD方法进行泄漏扩散仿真能够还原泄漏扩散过程;利用正交实验进行影响因素分析可以节省实验资源、获取准确结果;风向和风速对各后果指标均比较敏感,在天然气净化厂建设过程中应着重考虑风的影响。仿真与正交实验结合的方法能够有效评估毒害后果影响因素的敏感性,可为毒害气体泄漏风险防控提供指导。 相似文献