德国环境统计概述及启示

本文介绍了德国环境统计的基本情况,并指出了值得我们学习和借鉴的经验。     

树脂相分光光度法测定水中痕量苦味酸

建立了树脂相分光光度法测定水中痕量苦味酸的新方法。该法灵敏度高,表观摩尔吸光系数为1.08×105L/(mol·cm);精密度理想(测定苦味酸质量浓度为5μg/mL的实验5次,相对标准偏差为1.0%);线性范围为0～7.0μg/mL;以3σ衡量,检出限为0.14μg/mL;加标回收率为97%～103%。采用该法直接测定水样中的苦味酸、间接测定烟草中的烟碱,结果令人满意。     

BaO/γ-Al2O3同时吸附脱除一氧化氮和二氧化硫

利用固定床连续流动反应器研究了BaO／γ—Al2O，同时吸附模拟烟气中NO和SO2的工艺条件和再生循环使用性能，对BaO／γ—Al2O3进行了比表面积和程序升温表面反应（TPSR）等表征分析。结果表明，BaO／γ—Al2O3的适宜工艺条件是SO2与NO体积比为2．9～8．4、原料气中O2体积分数大于4．5％、吸附温度448～523K。BaO／γ—Al2O3在循环使用过程中吸附能力下降。与NOXSO吸附催化剂Na2CO3／γ—Al2O3相比，BaO／γ-Al2O3同时吸附SO2和NO的能力大、再生循环使用性能好、适宜的SO2与NO体积比范围宽、热稳定性好。将BaO／γ—Al2O3应用于NOXSO工艺可望提高该工艺的脱硫、脱氮效率。     

Human Diets and Animal Welfare: the Illogic of the Larder

Few moral arguments have been made against vegetarian diets. One exception is the “Logic of the Larder:” We do animals a favor by purchasing their meat, eggs, and milk, for if we did not purchase these products, fewer animals would exist. This argument fails because many farm animals have lives that are probably not worth living, while others prevent a significant number of wild animals from existing. Even if this were not so, the purchase of animal products uses resources that could otherwise be used to bring a much greater number of animals into existence.     

Study on NOx removal from simulated flue gas by an electrobiofilm reactor: EDTA-ferrous regeneration and biological kinetics mechanism

Environmental Science and Pollution Research - The regeneration of EDTA-FeII is a key step in electrobiofilm reduction-integrated systems for NOx removal from industrial boiler flue gas. The...     

危险废物处置综合废水处理系统优化研究

固体废物处置中心能够对多种固体废物和危险废物进行处置,在处置过程中产生的废水水质复杂,因此需要对废水进行综合处理,去除废水中的重金属和有机物。为了达到废水排放标准,以某固体废物处置中心的废水处理设施为研究对象,对处理设施中的还原沉淀和曝气生物滤池等环节进行优化,得出其最优的运行参数,结果显示:亚铁与六价铬物质量比为20∶1,曝气气水比为4,水力停留时间为2h时,出水的各项检测指标均达到废水排放标准限值。     

Research status,challenges and future prospects of renewable synthetic fuel catalysts for CO2 photocatalytic reduction conversion

Environmental Science and Pollution Research - In recent years, with global climate change, the utilization of carbon dioxide as a resource has become an important goal of human society to achieve...     

Pyrolysis technologies for municipal solid waste: A review

Pyrolysis has been examined as an attractive alternative to incineration for municipal solid waste (MSW) disposal that allows energy and resource recovery; however, it has seldom been applied independently with the output of pyrolysis products as end products. This review addresses the state-of-the-art of MSW pyrolysis in regards to its technologies and reactors, products and environmental impacts. In this review, first, the influence of important operating parameters such as final temperature, heating rate (HR) and residence time in the reaction zone on the pyrolysis behaviours and products is reviewed; then the pyrolysis technologies and reactors adopted in literatures and scale-up plants are evaluated. Third, the yields and main properties of the pyrolytic products from individual MSW components, refuse-derived fuel (RDF) made from MSW, and MSW are summarised. In the fourth section, in addition to emissions from pyrolysis processes, such as HCl, SO₂ and NH₃, contaminants in the products, including PCDD/F and heavy metals, are also reviewed, and available measures for improving the environmental impacts of pyrolysis are surveyed. It can be concluded that the single pyrolysis process is an effective waste-to-energy convertor but is not a guaranteed clean solution for MSW disposal. Based on this information, the prospects of applying pyrolysis technologies to dealing with MSW are evaluated and suggested.     

基于自动水位补偿的含水煤层瓦斯压力测定方法研究

通过研究含水煤层瓦斯压力测定方法现状,确定主要影响测定结果的因素为水压干扰、煤泥水干扰。针对以上问题提出了测定新方法,运用自动水位补偿方法剔除水压对测定结果的干扰,通过设计装有复合材质倾斜滤网的煤泥沉淀池,完成对煤泥的过滤和导流,实现对煤泥水的净化。此方法直接测定瓦斯压力,避免反推计算,从而减小了环境因素对测定结果的干扰。依据理论设计了含水煤层瓦斯压力测定装置,并进行了井下对比试验,现场试验结果表明:运用新设计装置测定结果比普通方法更接近理论值,数据利用价值高。该装置操作简单、自动化程度高、测定结果准确,可为含水煤层瓦斯治理提供数据支持,确保生产安全。