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651.
652.
联合运用聚铁混凝-臭氧-曝气生物滤池(BAF)对晚期垃圾场的渗滤液进行深度处理。在废水进水COD=601mg/L,色度=400倍时,提出最佳工艺条件:聚铁0.6 mL/L,臭氧用量144 mg/L,BAF停留时间7 h。研究表明,聚铁去除大部分悬浮性有机物,臭氧降解难生物降解有机物并提高废水的可生化性,BAF进一步降解有机物,最终出水COD为75 mg/L,深度处理成本仅为5.5元/t。 相似文献
653.
超声吹脱去除氨氮的机理和动力学研究 总被引:3,自引:1,他引:2
采用超声吹脱技术对某印染厂印染废水中的氨氮进行了处理实验,探索了其反应机理并进行了动力学研究。研究表明,叔丁醇的存在没有降低废水中氨氮的去除率,证明.OH不是超声吹脱去除氨氮反应中的主导氧化物种。通过对反应产物的分析发现,超声吹脱去除氨氮的机理主要是氨氮以游离态的方式在空化效应下高温高压热解成氮气和氢气排出,同时氨气在空化效应产生的超临界状态下传质速度加快,在吹脱条件下更易于从废水中散失。动力学分析表明,印染废水中氨氮的超声去除反应属于一级反应,符合一级反应动力学。 相似文献
654.
655.
656.
固定化白腐真菌反应器与接触氧化反应器联用处理癸二酸生产废水 总被引:1,自引:1,他引:0
采用固定化白腐真菌(WRF)反应器与接触氧化反应器联用处理癸二酸废水。在WRF反应器中,以汽曝玉米秸秆为载体,并添加铜、铁促进白腐真菌生长和产酶作用,载体的使用寿命约为45 d。在进水苯酚平均质量浓度为69.36 mg/L、平均进水COD为1 648.81 mg/L的条件下,经WRF反应器处理后,苯酚平均质量浓度降至7.59 mg/L,平均出水COD降至478.03 mg/L;再经接触氧化反应器处理后,苯酚平均质量浓度降至1.65 mg/L,平均出水COD降至297.31 mg/L。 相似文献
657.
G. Shi Z. Chen C. Bi J. Teng S. Xu 《Environmental pollution (Barking, Essex : 1987)》2010,158(3):694-703
A set of toxic metals, i.e. As, Hg, Pb, Cd, Cu, Zn, Ni and Cr, in urban and suburban SDSs were investigated comparatively in the biggest metropolitan area of China, Shanghai. Results showed that all of the metals except As were accumulated greatly, much higher than background values. Geo-accumulation index indicated that metal contamination in urban SDSs was generally heavier than that in suburban SDSs. Potential ecological risk index demonstrated that overall risks caused by metals were considerable. Cd contributed 52% to the overall risk. Multivariate statistical analysis revealed that in urban SDSs, Zn, Ni, Cd, Pb, Cu and Cr were related to traffic and industry; coal combustion led to elevated levels of Hg; soil parent materials controlled As contents. In suburban SDSs, Pb, Cu, As and Cd largely originated from traffic pollution; Zn, Ni and Cr were associated with industrial contaminants; Hg was mainly from domestic solid waste. 相似文献
658.
Tracking nitrogen losses in a greenhouse crop rotation experiment in North China using the EU-Rotate_N simulation model 总被引:3,自引:0,他引:3
Ruiying Guo Clive Rahn Qing Chen 《Environmental pollution (Barking, Essex : 1987)》2010,158(6):2218-2229
Vegetable production in China is associated with high inputs of nitrogen, posing a risk of losses to the environment. Organic matter mineralisation is a considerable source of nitrogen (N) which is hard to quantify. In a two-year greenhouse cucumber experiment with different N treatments in North China, non-observed pathways of the N cycle were estimated using the EU-Rotate_N simulation model. EU-Rotate_N was calibrated against crop dry matter and soil moisture data to predict crop N uptake, soil mineral N contents, N mineralisation and N loss. Crop N uptake (Modelling Efficiencies (ME) between 0.80 and 0.92) and soil mineral N contents in different soil layers (ME between 0.24 and 0.74) were satisfactorily simulated by the model for all N treatments except for the traditional N management. The model predicted high N mineralisation rates and N leaching losses, suggesting that previously published estimates of N leaching for these production systems strongly underestimated the mineralisation of N from organic matter. 相似文献
659.
Xiaosong Chang Xiaoyun Liu Hao Chen Zhiqun Qiu Jia Cao 《Environmental pollution (Barking, Essex : 1987)》2010,158(5):1444-6108
Sewage samples from 4 hospitals, 1 nursery, 1 slaughter house, 1 wastewater treatment plant and 5 source water samples of Chongqing region of Three Gorge Reservoir were analyzed for macrolide, lincosamide, trimethoprim, fluorouinolone, sulfonamide and tetracycline antibiotics by online solid-phase extraction and liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry. Results showed that the concentration of ofloxacin (OFX) in hospital was the highest among all water environments ranged from 1.660 μg/L to 4.240 μg/L and norfloxacin (NOR, 0.136-1.620 μg/L), ciproflaxacin (CIP, ranged from 0.011 μg/L to 0.136 μg/L), trimethoprim (TMP, 0.061-0.174 μg/L) were commonly detected. Removal range of antibiotics in the wastewater treatment plant was 18-100% and the removal ratio of tylosin, oxytetracycline and tetracycline were 100%. Relatively higher removal efficiencies were observed for tylosin (TYL), oxytetracycline (OXY) and tetracycline (TET)(100%), while lower removal efficiencies were observed for Trimethoprim (TMP, 1%), Epi-iso-chlorotetracycline (EICIC, 18%) and Erythromycin-H2O (ERY-H2O, 24%). Antibiotics were removed more efficiently in primary treatment compared with those in secondary treatment. 相似文献
660.
Xuan Chen Masatoshi Aoki Fahe Chai 《Environmental pollution (Barking, Essex : 1987)》2010,158(5):1675-1679
To investigate the effects of ambient-level gas-phase peroxides concurrent with O3 on foliar injury, photosynthesis, and biomass in herbaceous plants, we exposed Japanese radish (Raphanus sativus) to clean air, 50 ppb O3, 100 ppb O3, and 2-3 ppb peroxides + 50 ppb O3 in outdoor chambers. Compared with exposure to 100 ppb O3, exposure to 2-3 ppb peroxides + 50 ppb O3 induced greater damage in foliar injury, net photosynthetic rates and biomass; the pattern of foliar injury and the cause of net photosynthetic rate reduction also differed from those occurring with O3 exposure alone. These results indicate for the first time that sub-ppb peroxides + 50 ppb O3 can cause more severe damage to plants than 100 ppb O3, and that not only O3, but also peroxides, could be contributing to the herbaceous plant damage and forest decline observed in Japan's air-polluted urban and remote mountains areas. 相似文献