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141.
Kuo 和 Neilson 的分区段潮交换模式基于 Ketchum 潮冲程理论划分区段,并以各断面的回流系数来反映区段间的交换特征,是一个适合于狭长小潮湾沿程水交换近似估算的简捷有效的模式。本研究对该模式中的混合过程物理简化方式作了更为合理的修正,即引进了“内湾各相邻区段间水体混合交换同时发生”的设定。同时,基于对交换率概念的系统分析,本文还对模式中最重要的特征参数回流系数的特性及其简化确定方法作了进一步探讨 相似文献
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长江中下游燕山期中酸性-酸性火山-侵入杂岩大家公认为具有偏碱性到碱性特点,但对富碱原因即碱质来石源则存在不同意见,大多数人认为壳幔亮混源,碱质来源于富集地幔的部分熔融,也受到地壳物质的混染.另一种意见强调富碱是由于岩浆侵位或分异过程中受到蒸发岩(特别是膏盐层)的混染与同化。笔者根据长江中下游有关岩体的大量岩石化学分析数据.分地区、分岩体、也按时代对其K2O、Na2O、CaO、MgO与SiO2的相关性作了直观性对比分析,事实表现出Na2O对SiO2几乎完全没有相关性,Na2O对SiO2可以说是独立变化的;K2O与MgO对SiO2具有不同程度的相关性;而CaO-SiO2则具有明显的直线性相关。据此提出:除了原始岩浆具有的碱质外,在岩浆分导过程中不时地有外来碱质加入,这些外来的碱质主要由中、下三叠统中的膏盐层提供。文中根据岩浆硫的δ34S值偏高、膏盐层主要矿物的自由能在高温下熔融及分解温度与低温下在水中的溶解度、石膏矿山的矿泉水中K+、Na+、C1+、SO32-等的浓度,以及斜长石的环带构造方面作了论证. 相似文献
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Land use as a mitigation strategy for the water-quality impacts of global warming: a scenario analysis on two watersheds in the Ohio River Basin 总被引:4,自引:0,他引:4
This study uses an integrative approach to study the water-quality impacts of future global climate and land-use changes. In this study, changing land-use types was used as a mitigation strategy to reduce the adverse impacts of global climate change on water resources. The climate scenarios were based on projections made by the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) and the United Kingdom Hadley Centre's climate model (HadCM2). The Thornthwaite water-balance model was coupled with a land-use model (L-THIA) to investigate the hydrologic effects of future climate and land-use changes in the Ohio River Basin. The land-use model is based on the Soil Conservation Service's curve-number method. It uses the curve number, an index of land use and soil type, to calculate runoff volume and depth. The ArcView programming language, Avenue, was used to integrate the two models into a geographic information system (GIS). An output of the water-balance model, daily precipitation values adjusted for potential evapotranspiration, served as one of the inputs into the land-use model. Two watersheds were used in the present study: one containing the city of Cincinnati on the main stem of the Ohio River, and one containing the city of Columbus on a tributary of the Ohio River. These cities represent two major metropolitan areas in the Ohio River Basin with different land uses experiencing different rates of population growth. The projected hypothetical land-use changes were based on linear extrapolations of current population data. Results of the analyses indicate that conversion from agricultural land use to low-density residential land use may decrease the amount of surface runoff. The land-use practices which generate the least amount of runoff are forest, low-density residential, and agriculture; whereas high-density residential and commercial land-use types produce the highest runoff. The hydrologic soil type present was also an important factor in determining the amount of runoff and non-point-source pollution. A runoff-depth matrix and total nitrogen matrix were created for Cincinnati and Columbus to describe possible land-use mitigation measures in response to global climate change. The differences in Cincinnati and Columbus were due to differences in geographic location, air temperature, and total runoff. The results of this study may be useful to planners and policy makers for defining the possible impacts of future global climate and land-use changes on water resources. 相似文献
147.
TechnologicalsystemforsustainabledevelopmentofChineseagricultureZhangRenwu;JiWenying;ZhangTong(Agro-EnvironmentalProtectionIn... 相似文献
148.
以监测预报工作为导向推进数字化监测教学 总被引:1,自引:1,他引:1
地震预测的发展方向,是从协同的观点,多层面地统筹考虑地震监测体系的建设,实现基础研究与实际地震预测工作的结合.本文从如何利用原有监测资料、连续前兆监测数据处理系统的建立、前兆监测体系数据报送体系等地震监测工作环节,分析地震监测教学如何与监测工作方向相一致,并对教学改革如何结合台站技术人员更新提出了几点看法. 相似文献
149.
REMIS is one of key research projects sponsored by the central government. It is recommended to regional EPAs as a main tool of the environmental management. REMIS simulates the functions of the regional EPAs and aimed to improve their management level. The national environmental management information system will base on REMIS.Functional analysis is the kernel of the REMIS system analysis. Data and data flow analysis are used to support the functional analysis.Investigations on the functions of the local EPAs of eight provinces and 12 cities have been taken. The functions were carefully sorted. Modular design method was used in system analysis and system design.The system analysis included functional analysis, data analysis and data flow analysis. The system design is based on the system analysis. HIPO diagram of each modular, data base structure, menu design, selection of hardware and software environment were the main items of the system design. 相似文献
150.