Phthalic acid esters (PAEs) in workplace and house dust from Vietnam: concentrations,profiles, emission sources,and exposure risk

Environmental Science and Pollution Research - The occurrence of nine phthalic acid esters (PAEs) were determined in indoor dust samples collected from vehicle repair shops, waste processing...     

An absence of aggression between non-nestmates in the bull ant <Emphasis Type="Italic">Myrmecia nigriceps</Emphasis>

The ability of social insects to discriminate against non-nestmates is vital for maintaining colony integrity, and in most social insect species, individuals act aggressively towards non-nestmates that intrude into their nest. Our experimental field data revealed that intra-colony aggression in the primitive bulldog ant Myrmecia nigriceps is negligible; our series of bioassays revealed no significant difference in the occurrence of aggression in trials involving workers from the same, a close (less than 300 m) or a far (more than 1.5 km) nest. Further, non-nestmate intruders were able to enter the nest in 60% of our trials; a similar level was observed in trials involving nestmates. These results suggest that workers of M. nigriceps are either unable to recognize alien conspecifics or that the costs of ignoring workers from foreign colonies are sufficiently low to favor low levels of inter-colony aggression in this species.     

液化天然气(LNG)接收站定量风险评估

介绍了定量风险评估的概念及其主要步骤,结合LNG接收站定量风险评估实例,阐述了定量风险评估技术的实施过程.     

石油化工企业安全距离确定方法综述

对"专家判断"法、确定性分析方法、基于风险(Risk-based)的方法和风险指引(Risk-informed)方法等安全距离确定方法的发展运用、分析流程、关键要素、优缺点等进行探讨。建议关注确定性分析方法和风险方法研究。对确定性分析方法,建议加强石油化工企业可信事故场景和伤害标准的研究;对基于风险的方法,建议加大风险指引方法的研究,并制定合理的石油化工企业风险标准,以便采取更加科学合理的方法来制定石油化工企业的安全距离。     

Distribution of anthropogenic cadmium and arsenic in arable land soils of Hainan,China

It is important to determine the distribution of anthropogenic heavy metals in arable land soils. Using Hainan Island as a study area, the background concentrations of cadmium (Cd) and arsenic (As) in arable land soils from different types of parent materials were estimated and then anthropogenic input distribution was determined by subtracting background concentrations from existing spatial distributions of Cd and As using ArcGIS spatial analysis tools. There were areas where the content of soil Cd and As did not show a change due to anthropogenic inputs, 8.4% As and 24.3% Cd content were below background concentrations, respectively. Soils with higher anthropogenic inputs were found around urban areas and the western part of Hainan Island. Data indicated that inputs were primarily produced by rapid urbanization and uncontrolled mining exploration. Anthropogenic Cd and As increases were also caused by excessive application of fertilizers.     

简析页岩气开发对水资源的破坏

页岩气的开发主要采用水平井水力压裂的方法,压裂过程中压裂液的大量使用以及对返排压裂液的处理不当,会造成页岩气开发过程中对水资源的破坏,主要表现在导管破裂污染、返排液地面污染、大量消耗水资源等方面。通过总结对比返排压裂液的几种处理方法,认为废液处理后循环使用的方法在节约成本的同时,可最大程度地减小对水资源的破坏。     

菜用玉米的特性及其开发利用途径

本文论术字菜用玉米的分类，特性，食用功效，生产开发利用途径及其应注意的问题。     

Degradation of 2,2′,4,4′-tetrabromodiphenyl ether by Pycnoporus sanguineus in the presence of copper ions

The degradation of 2,2′,4,4′-tetrabromodiphenyl ether(BDE-47) by Pycnoporus sanguineus was investigated in order to explore the impact of the heavy metal Cu~(2+) on BDE-47 decomposition and the subsequent formation of metabolites, as well as to further elucidate the degradation mechanism of BDE-47. An increase in degradation rate from 18.63% to49.76% in the first four days and its stabilization at(51.26 ± 0.08)% in the following days of BDE-47 incubation were observed. The presence of Cu~(2+) at 1 and 2 mg/L was found to promote the degradation rate to 56.41% and 60.79%, respectively, whereas higher level of Cu~(2+) (≥ 5 mg/L) inhibited the removal of BDE-47. The similar concentration effects of Cu~(2+) was also found on contents of fungal protein and amounts of metabolites. Both intracellular and extracellular enzymes played certain roles in BDE-47 transportation with the best degradation rate at 27.90% and 27.67% on the fourth and third day, individually. During the degradation of BDE-47, four types of hydroxylated polybrominated diphenyl ethers(OH-PBDEs), i.e., 6′-OH-BDE-47, 5′-OH-BDE-47, 4′-OH-BDE-17, 2′-OH-BDE-28, and two bromophenols, i.e., 2,4-DBP and 4-BP were detected and considered as degradation products. These metabolites were further removed by P. sanguineus at rates of 22.42%,23.01%, 27.04%, 27.96%, 64.21%, and 40.62%, respectively.     

Tumour-associated antigens in maternal and fetal blood

Normal levels of cancer-associated antigen (CA) 19-9, neurone-specific enolase (NSE), cancer-associated antigen (CA) 125, and mucin-like carcinoma-associated antigen (MCA) during pregnancy were determined in 87 mothers and fetuses, using a solid-phase sandwich enzyme immunoassay. CA 19-9 concentrations were higher in the fetuses, whereas the other three tumour-associated antigen levels were higher in the mothers. Only fetal NSE and MCA levels were positively correlated with those in maternal serum. Contrary to adult samples, no difference was demonstrated between male and female fetal levels of CA 125. MCA was the only maternal marker that increased significantly with gestational age between 20 and 34 weeks' pregnancy.     

直通式袋式除尘器气流分布数值分析

利用CFD方法对燃煤电厂大型直通式脉冲袋式除尘器气流分布进行数值分析,给出了袋式除尘器箱体流量分配、每个滤袋单元处理风量、滤袋迎面气流速度的大小和分布,数值分析结果与模型试验、现场测试的结果基本吻合,可作为除尘器结构设计优化的依据。