Reduced graphene oxide-nano zero value iron(rGO-nZVI) micro-electrolysis accelerating Cr(Ⅵ) removal in aquifer

Nanoscale zero-valent iron(nZVI) assembled on graphene oxide(GO)(rGO-nZVI) composites were synthesized by reduction of GO and ferrous ions with potassium borohydride,for use in Cr(VI) removal from aqueous solution.The results showed that the two-dimensional structure of GO could provide a skeleton support for Fe~0,thus overcoming the bottleneck of aggregation for nZVI.Also,rGO-nZVI would form a ferric-carbon micro-electrolysis system in Cr(VI)-contaminated aquifers,enhancing and accelerating electron transfer,exhibiting high rate and capacity for Cr(VI) removal.The optimum dosage of the applied r GO-nZVI was linearly correlated with the initial Cr(VI) concentration.Characterization of rGO-nZVI before and after reaction with Cr(VI) revealed the process of Cr(VI) removal:r GO-nZVI firstly transferred electrons from Fe~0 cores via their Fe(II)/Fe(III) shells to the GO sheet;there,negatively charged Cr(VI) received electrons and changed into positively charged Cr(III),which was adsorbed by the negatively charged GO sheet,avoiding the capping and passivating of nZVI.rGO-nZVI formed a good electrically conductive network,and thus had long-term electron releasing properties,which was important for groundwater remediation.     

Relationship between road traffic noisescape and urban form in Hong Kong

This paper reports on a study which explored the possible relationship between road traffic noisescape and urban form in Hong Kong. A total of 212 residential complexes from 11 contrasting urban forms were sampled, and their noise levels assessed both at dwelling and neighbourhood scales by noise mapping. Its findings indicate that residential complexes with different urban forms have significantly different noisescape attributes. There is a strong correlation between the noise characteristics and morphological indicators at the dwelling scale. A less obstreperous noisescape is associated with urban forms with lower road and building densities, and with building arrangements which provide self-noise screening. These findings suggest that urban form is an influential determinant of the noisescape in the urban environment, and they point to the need to rethink the conventional approach to managing the urban acoustic environment.     

"青龙奇迹"传播现象分析及其准确度探讨

在地震灾难频发及网络媒体迅速发展的背景下,"青龙奇迹"引起了公众的广泛关注和争议,其社会舆论影响不容忽视.以此为切入点,笔者一行利用2010年暑期社会实践在河北省青龙县、抚宁县进行了实地调研走访,结合学者论述、新闻报道,从灾难社会学和传播学角度,分析"青龙奇迹"传播现象,并对其准确度进行了探讨.     

Fast transformation of roxarsone into toxic arsenic species with ferrous iron and tetrapolyphosphate

Environmental Chemistry Letters - Organoarsenic compounds have been widely used as feed additives in livestock and poultry breeding. They are excreted in manure and thus cause environmental...     

不同入口位置的行人进入流实验研究

为了研究行人进入流运动规律,寻找合理的入口位置,对不同入口位置(中间、右侧)进行了不同人数(10人、20人、30人、40人)的可控实验。分析了行人进入流的时间、速度和空间分布,并统计了空间分布影响因素——入口避让、边界吸引、分布角度和空间关系的规律。结果表明,入口位于中间的设计更好,进入时间和稳定时间较短,速度更快,空间分布更合理。这些影响因素的统计,也为行人进入流的模型建立提供了实验基础。     

适合我国国情的城市生活垃圾处理方法

介绍了发达国家所采用的城市垃圾处理技术的原理及其优缺点，对适合我国国情的垃圾处理技术提出了建议。     

煤与瓦斯突出预测的GA-SVM模型及应用

为了对煤与瓦斯突出进行有效预测,将遗传算法和支持向量机相结合,提出煤与瓦斯突出预测的GA-SVM模型。以我国典型的煤与瓦斯突出煤矿15个实例为样本,以交叉验证准确率作为遗传算法的适应度函数,搜索得到径向基核SVM最优惩罚因子C=28.8786、宽度函数σ=0.16508,利用最优参数建立煤与瓦斯突出预测GA-SVM模型进行预测,结果与实际完全一致。应用该模型对云南恩洪煤矿8个突出实例进行预测,并与单项指标法、综合指标法和BP神经网络进行比较。研究结果表明,煤与瓦斯突出预测GA-SVM模型具有较高的可靠性和精确性,能对煤与瓦斯突出进行有效预测。     

造纸废水灌溉对湿地土壤重金属累积影响及趋势评价

探讨造纸废水灌溉下芦苇湿地土壤重金属累积规律,对有效利用造纸废水,防控湿地重金属污染具有重要意义.本研究以双台河口芦苇湿地土壤为研究对象,分析不同浓度造纸废水(CODCr浓度分别为:300 mg·L-1、175 mg·L-1、50 mg·L-1)灌溉下湿地土壤重金属含量的累积规律,基于重金属残留模型对土壤重金属累积量进行预测和评估.试验结果表明:1废水灌溉使土壤重金属含量显著增加,与废水浓度显著相关,芦苇生长对土壤中As、Ni、Cu含量影响较大而对Pb、Cd含量影响较小.2不同重金属在各土层垂直分布规律存在差异:As、Pb在中间层(20~40 cm)含量最高,Cd、Cu垂直分布较为均衡,Ni主要集中在土壤表层(0~20 cm),中下层(20~60 cm)含量迅速降低.3基于重金属残留模型对土壤重金属累积量进行预测和评估,以300 mg·L-1浓度废水灌溉,重金属都出现不同程度的累积,其中10 a后Cd的累积量超过我国《土壤环境质量标准》一级标准,50 a后Pb的累积量接近一级标准.以175 mg·L-1浓度废水灌溉,各重金属均出现累积,但增长幅度较300 mg·L-1低,50 a后Cd累积量未超过一级标准.以50 mg·L-1废水灌溉时,Pb、Ni、Cu出现土壤轻度积累,50 a后未超过一级标准.     

UASBB厌氧氨氧化反应器处理污泥脱水液的影响因素研究

研究基质质量浓度、温度、pH值、HRT和C/N比对厌氧氨氧化脱氮性能的影响.试验水样采用污泥脱水液,控制进水ρ(NH+4-N)/ρ(NO-2-N)为1∶1.32,分别考察了在不同基质质量浓度、HRT、温度、pH值和C/N比的情况下,UASBB厌氧氨氧化反应器的脱氮性能.结果表明,在进水NH+4-N和NO-2-N质量浓度分别为200 mg·L-1和264 mg·L-1、HRT=24 h、温度为30～35℃、pH值为7.5～8.5、C/N比在0.5左右的条件下,厌氧氨氧化反应器的脱氮效果最佳,NH+4-N、NO-2-N和TN平均去除率分别达到75.72%、76.36%和70.19%,TN平均容积负荷可达0.464 kg·(m3·d)-1,COD平均去除率在30%左右.通过合理控制进水基质质量浓度和HRT能够有效地提高厌氧氨氧化反应器的脱氮性能.只有在适宜的温度和pH值范围内,厌氧氨氧化菌才能表现出较高的活性.当进水添加有机物时,厌氧氨氧化反应器中存在反硝化现象,且随着有机物质量浓度的升高,异养反硝化菌的竞争优势逐渐增强,对厌氧氨氧化产生明显的抑制作用.