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51.
四种净水工艺对水源水微量有机物去除的研究 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
以UV254和CODMn代表饮用水源水中有机物替代指标.对常规处理、生物陶粒预处理、生物滤池、生物活性炭(BAC)、颗粒活性炭(GAC)、纳滤和光催化氧化进行组合,形成不同的处理流程,研究各流程对UV254和CODMn的去除效果.结果表明,各工艺流程都有一定的处理效率,其中以生物滤池和纳滤为主的组合流程处理效果最佳.此流程对UV254的去除率接近100%,CODMn的去除率达到78.6%,大大提高了饮用水的安全性. 相似文献
52.
An activated sludge aeration tank (40 x 40 x 300 cm, width x length x height) with a set of 2-mm orifice air spargers was used to treat gas-borne volatile organic compounds (VOCs; toluene, p-xylene, and dichloromethane) in air streams. The effects of liquid depth (Z), aeration intensity (G/A), the overall mass-transfer rate of oxygen in clean water (KLaO2), the Henry's law constant of the tested VOC (H), and the influent gaseous VOC concentration (C0) on the efficiency of removal of VOCs were examined and compared with a literature-cited model. Results show that the measured VOC removal efficiencies and those predicted by the model were comparable at a G/A of 3.75-11.25 m3/m2 hr and C0 of approximately 1000-6000 mg/m3. Experimental data also indicated that the designed gas treatment reactor with KLaO2 = 5-15 hr(-l) could achieve > 85% removal of VOCs with H = 0.24-0.25 at an aerated liquid depth of 1 m and > 95% removal of dichloromethane with H = 0.13 at a 1-m liquid depth. 相似文献
53.
Ambient particulates of PM2.5 were sampled at three sites in Kaohsiung, Taiwan, during February and March 1999. In addition, resuspended PM2.5 collected from traffic tunnels, paved roads, fly ash of a municipal solid waste (MSW) incinerator, and seawater was obtained. All the samples were analyzed for twenty constituents, including water-soluble ions, organic carbon (OC), elemental carbon (EC), and metallic elements. In conjunction with local source profiles and the source profiles in the model library SPECIATE EPA, the receptor model based on chemical mass balance (CMB) was then applied to determine the source contributions to ambient PM2.5. The mean concentration of ambient PM2.5 was 42.69-53.68 micrograms/m3 for the sampling period. The abundant species in ambient PM2.5 in the mass fraction for three sites were OC (12.7-14.2%), SO4(2-) (12.8-15.1%), NO3- (8.1-10.3%), NH4+ (6.7-7.5%), and EC (5.3-8.5%). Results of CMB modeling show that major pollution sources for ambient PM2.5 are traffic exhaust (18-54%), secondary aerosols (30-41% from SO4(2-) and NO3-), and outdoor burning of agriculture wastes (13-17%). 相似文献
54.
Effect of wastewater composition on the calcium carbonate precipitation in upflow anaerobic sludge blanket reactors 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
Shucheng Yang Yanling He Yonghong Liu Charles Chou Pengxiang Zhang Dongqi Wang 《Frontiers of Environmental Science & Engineering in China》2010,4(2):142-149
Calcium carbonate often precipitates in anaerobic reactors treating wastewater with high calcium content. The aim of this
paper is to study the effect of wastewater composition on calcium carbonate precipitation in upflow anaerobic sludge blanket
(UASB) reactors. Two laboratory-scale UASB reactors were operated with calcium-containing influents using acetate and carbohydrate
as substrate, respectively. There was an obvious accumulation of inorganic precipitate observed in the biogranules. Observations
via scanning electron microscope (SEM) and energy dispersive spectroscopy (EDS) showed that the acclimated biogranules in
the two reactors differed in microstructure. Calcium carbonate was found to have precipitated on the surface of acetate-degrading
biogranules, but precipitated at the core of the carbohydrate-degrading biogranules. The results indicated that substrates
had significant influence on the location of calcium carbonate precipitation in anaerobic granular sludge, which was expected
due to the different methanogens distribution and pH gradient within the granular sludge degrading various substrates. Moreover,
the location of calcium carbonate precipitation substantially affected the specific methanogenic activity (SMA) of the granular
sludge. The SMA of the acetate-degrading biogranules dropped from $
1.96 gCOD_{CH_4 } \cdot gVSS^{ - 1} \cdot d^{ - 1}
$
1.96 gCOD_{CH_4 } \cdot gVSS^{ - 1} \cdot d^{ - 1}
to $
0.61 gCOD_{CH_4 } \cdot gVSS^{ - 1} \cdot d^{ - 1}
$
0.61 gCOD_{CH_4 } \cdot gVSS^{ - 1} \cdot d^{ - 1}
after 180-d of operation in the reactor. However, the SMA of the carbohydrate-degrading biogranules was not adversely affected
by calcium carbonate precipitation. 相似文献
55.
56.
Granulation of filamentous microorganisms in a sequencing batch reactor
with saline wastewater 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
Proliferation of filamentous microorganisms frequently leads to operational failure for activate sludge systems. In this study, it was found that filamentous microorganisms could grow in compact granular structure with 5% sodium chloride in the substrate. In the early period of experiment, coccoid and rode-like bacteria predominated in the yellowish-brown granules, and later the white and the black granules were developed by filamentous microorganisms. The filamentous granules exhibited low porosity and fas... 相似文献
57.
为降低综合管廊燃气舱的运营风险,选择燃气舱泄漏、爆炸2类事故进行分析.利用OpenFoam软件模拟综合管廊燃气舱爆炸对纵向前后相邻分区的影响,模拟结果显示,最大超压值可能在纵向相邻分区中出现.从本质安全和防爆抑爆2个角度,提出使用模块化管道作业机器人、线型激光可燃气体探测器、控制点火源、减少支墩和支架数量和减小体积、预警前后相邻分区、增大泄爆面积、通风夹层防火防爆处理等措施进一步提升综合管廊燃气舱的安全,降低事故风险. 相似文献
58.
金属冶炼产生的废渣在无法采用资源化处置情况下需要安全填埋。安全填埋的前提是转移到具备优良地质条件并且采取了足够的工程防渗措施的场地,通常会遇到选址困难和二次污染等系列问题。以云南东北部某铅锌冶炼企业历史产生的废渣堆为研究对象,通过详细勘察研究渣堆下部基础地质和水文地质条件,并在渣堆下部及周边污染特征组分空间分布特征详细调查和分析的基础上,论证了该历史渣堆具有就地处置可行性的水文地质条件,可以通过系列地下水防污工程措施来控制地下水污染源。处置方案已经提交企业并处于工程实施阶段。该研究提出的解决问题的思路和技术方案对我国具有类似地质及水文地质条件的固废处置具有一定的参考价值。 相似文献
59.
60.
Fe2+-H2O2法处理DSD酸生产氧化母液的研究 总被引:26,自引:1,他引:25
为改善DSD酸氧化母液的可生化降解性,将废液先用有机絮凝剂TS-1(一种季胺盐)处理,TS-1的投加量为3g/L,其后用Fe2+-H2O2法氧化,Fe2+和H2O2的量分别为150mg/L,7g/L,废液COD和色度的去除率分别可达64%和62%。经处理后的废水,其BOD5/COD≈0.3,可以认为已达到生化处理的要求。当H2O2的投量为2g/L,经Fe2+-H2O2氧化处理后的废液,再用FeCl3进行两级混凝处理(FeCl3的投加量分别为5g/L和2g/L),则COD和色度的去除率可达90%和95%。 相似文献