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591.
It is surprising that many insect species use only the ultraviolet (UV) component of the polarized skylight for orientation and navigation purposes, while both the intensity and the degree of polarization of light from the clear sky are lower in the UV than at longer (blue, green, red) wavelengths. Why have these insects chosen the UV part of the polarized skylight? This strange phenomenon is called the "UV-sky-pol paradox". Although earlier several speculations tried to resolve this paradox, they did this without any quantitative data. A theoretical and computational model has convincingly explained why it is advantageous for certain animals to detect celestial polarization in the UV. We performed a sky-polarimetric approach and built a polarized skylight sensor that models the processing of polarization signals by insect photoreceptors. Using this model sensor, we carried out measurements under clear and cloudy sky conditions. Our results showed that light from the cloudy sky has maximal degree of polarization in the UV. Furthermore, under both clear and cloudy skies the angle of polarization of skylight can be detected with a higher accuracy. By this, we corroborated empirically the soundness of the earlier computational resolution of the UV-sky-pol paradox. 相似文献
592.
A novel coupled system using Co–Ti O2 was successfully designed which combined two different heterogeneous advanced oxidation processes, sulfate radical based Fenton-like reaction(SR-Fenton) and visible light photocatalysis(Vis-Photo), for degradation of organic contaminants. The synergistic effect of SR-Fenton and Vis-Photo was observed through comparative tests of 50 mg/L Rhodamine B(Rh B) degradation and TOC removal. The Rhodamine B degradation rate and TOC removal were 100% and 68.1% using the SR-Fenton/Vis-Photo combined process under ambient conditions, respectively. Moreover, based on XRD, XPS and UV-DRS characterization, it can be deduced that tricobalt tetroxide located on the surface of the catalyst is the SR-Fenton active site, and cobalt ion implanted in the Ti O2 lattice is the reason for the visible light photocatalytic activity of Co–Ti O2. Finally, the effects of the calcination temperature and cobalt concentration on the synergistic performance were also investigated and a possible mechanism for the synergistic system was proposed. This coupled system exhibited excellent catalytic stability and reusability,and almost no dissolution of Co2+was found. 相似文献
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浅议建立清洁生产审核内审员制度 总被引:1,自引:1,他引:0
阐述了建立内审员制度的必要性与意义.探讨了内审员的工作职能和管理与培训方法,为建立内审员制度提供了参考模式. 相似文献
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The speciation and extent of migration of adsorbed Pb and Cd in natural surface coatings (NSCs) were investigated using sequential extraction procedure to provide an understanding of distribution of the adsorbed Pb and Cd. Extractions were conducted on NSCs before and after Pb and Cd adsorption treatment under controlled laboratory conditions with initial Pb and Cd concentrations ranging from 0.2-2.5 mol/l. The Langmuir adsorption isotherms were applied to estimate equilibrium coefficients of Pb and Cd adsorption to NSCs components. The results showed that 58.50% of adsorbed Pb in average existed in tightly adsorbed form, and the remaining Pb was mostly present as solid oxides/hydroxides (34.00%) and exchangeable and soluble form (7.50%) in NSCs, respectively. Large amount of adsorbed Cd (70.51% in average) was present in exchangeable and soluble form, following a decreasing order in tightly adsorbed form (18.61%), solid oxides/hydroxides (9.87%), and easily oxidizable solids/compounds (1.01%), respectively. No Cd was found in strongly held oxides and precipitates. Compared to the distribution of adsorbed Pb in NSCs, Cd distribution showed that less migration of Cd from exchangeable and soluble form to solid oxides/hydroxides after adsorbed to NSCs, indicating fewer sites for Cd to adsorb to NSCs and less affinity of Cd to the NSCs. These percent distributions of metals provided an additional interpretation to that Pb adsorption to the NSCs greater than that of Cd, less retention of Cd than that of Pb and less roles attributed for Pb/Cd adsorption by organic materials in NSCs, which were observed based on the selective extraction techniques in the independent investigations. 相似文献
597.
利用薄膜梯度扩散(DGT)原位采样装置获取了骆马湖全湖8个典型湖区泥-水界面(SWI)活性磷(P)、铁(Fe)、硫(S)垂向分布信息,据此定量估算三者交换通量.结果表明,骆马湖沉积物剖面P、Fe、S浓度范围分别为0~2.05,0~11.10和0.01~0.63mg/L,并在微小尺度呈高度空间异质性.在水平方向上活性P、Fe主要表现为西北湖区高于东南湖区,而活性S则未表现出明显的分布规律;就垂直剖面而言,活性P、Fe、S自界面向下呈升高趋势,并在60mm深度内出现峰值,且活性P和Fe剖面呈明显的同步变化特征;活性P、Fe在多数点位具有显著的正相关性(r>0.65,P<0.01),且各采样点沉积物中的总铁与总磷比值[w(∑Fe)/w(∑P)]均高于15,这表明Fe的地球化学循环过程对于骆马湖内源磷释放起重要控制作用;8个采样点样品中活性P、Fe、S交换通量分别为0.066~0.698,1.671~5.592和0.007~0.071mg/(m2·d),表明P、Fe、S由沉积物向水体释放.西北湖区表现出较高的P通量和活性P浓度,这可能会增加南水北调过程中水质污染的风险,应予以重视.以上结果支持了P、Fe耦合释放机制,明确了骆马湖SWI的活性P、Fe、S迁移特征. 相似文献
598.
湖北省自然保护区建设十分迅速,目前已发展到50余个,占全省国土面积的5.85%。系统分析了湖北省自然保护区的发展态势,并针对保护工作中存在的问题,提出了今后的发展思路与建议。 相似文献
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