Dynamic simulation and modeling of PCP transport between sediment and water

ＤｙｎａｍｉｃｓｉｍｕｌａｔｉｏｎａｎｄｍｏｄｅｌｉｎｇｏｆＰＣＰｔｒａｎｓｐｏｒｔｂｅｔｗｅｅｎｓｅｄｉｍｅｎｔａｎｄｗａｔｅｒＬｉＴｉｅ，ＹｅＣｈａｎｇｍｉｎｇ，ＬｅｉＺｈｉｆａｎｇＲｅｓｅａｒｃｈＣｅｎｔｅｒｆｏｒＥｃｏＥｎｖｉｒｏ...     

氯化钡对水体生化自净过程影响的探讨

本文就不同浓度的钡对天然水的生化需氧过程、氨化及亚硝化过程的影响进行了探讨。发现大于5.00mg/l的钡在一定程度上抑制水体的生化需氧过程,增大钡离子的浓度,没有更有效地加强钡的抑制作用。同时,大于5.00mg/l的钡也对氨化和亚硝化过程产生影响,这种影响是通过降低这两个过程的反应速度来实现的。     

邻苯二甲酸二丁酯在天然水中的生物降解及其颗粒物界面效应

主要研究了邻苯二甲酸二丁酯在天然水体中的生物降解过程和颗粒界面作用对生物降解的加速作用。根据均相和非均相水环境中ＤＢＰ的生物降解模拟实验和理论推导，得出低浓度ＤＢＰ的降解速率与颗粒物浓度可以近似用线性关系表示，并用效应因子表示颗粒物对生物降解速率的影响。     

燃煤烟气中多环芳烃(PAHs)光化学降解的研究

研究了各种条件下，燃煤烟气中多环芳烃（PAHs）的光化学降解。实验结果表明，采用模拟日光中紫外部分的荧光灯照射，PAHs光解率随光照强度、照射时间、温度和水蒸气含量的增加而增大。由此推断，在夏季高温、潮湿和高日照条件下，PAHs一般在数小时内即全部降解。而在冬季低温、干燥和低日照的气候条件下，PAHs降解速率很小，可在大气中停留较长时间，扩散到较远距离。还提出了由烟气中水蒸气产生的气态OH自由基以及未燃尽烃类自由基与激发态PAHs碰撞导致发生PAHs污染物光化学降解的反应机理。     

Game theoretic analysis of environmental impact assessment system in China

Environmental impact assessment (EIA) system has been established in China since 1973. In present EIA cases, there are four participants in general: governments, enterprises, EIA organizations and the public. The public has held responsible for both social costs and social duties. The public supervises social costs produced by enterprises discharging pollutant in EIA. However public participation is mostly deputized by governments, which severely weaken the independence of the public as one participant in EIA. In this paper, EIA refers to the different attitudes of the participants whose optional strategies may be described by a proper game model. According to disfigurements in EIA, three sides (governments, enterprises, and EIA organizations) dynamic iterative game theory, dynamic game theory of incomplete information, and perfect Bayesian equilibrium theory to analyze the reciprocity relation among governments, EIA organizations and enterprises. The results show that in a short period, economic benefit is preponderant over social benefit. Governments and enterprises both do not want to take EIA to reveal social costs. EIA organizations’ income comes from enterprises and the collusions are built between them to vindicate economic benefit. In a long run, social benefit loss caused by environmental pollution must be recuperated sooner or later and environmental deterioration will influence the achievements of economic benefit, so both governments and enterprises are certain to pursue high social benefit and willing to take EIA, helpful to increase private benefit. EIA organizations will make fair assessment when their economic benefit are ensured. At present, the public as silent victims can not take actual part in EIA. The EIA system must be improved to break the present equilibrium of three sides, bringing the public to the equilibrium to exert public supervision.     

毛细管电泳与环境分析

介绍了毛细管电泳这一新技术的基本原理和分析特点,评述了近年来毛细管电泳技术在水、大气、土壤等环境分析中的应用概况,并展望了该技术在环境分析中的前景.     

厌氧-好氧填料床联合处理餐饮废水的研究

调查江苏省扬州市餐饮废水排放特征,开发出一种厌氧-好氧填料床联合反应器用于处理餐饮废水.通过试验确定上流式厌氧填料床水力停留时间为4h,当联合工艺的总水力停留时间为8h时,联合工艺对餐饮废水处理CODcr去除率达到了90%.出水中CODcr、NH3-N、SS、磷酸盐指标达到国家一级排放标准.     

生态补偿的融资——生态融资

围绕生态补偿中融资的三个基本要素，即；用什么资本融资，以什么方式融资，如何高效融资进行系列, 为生态融资活动提供理论指导和行动策略。     

根分泌物对根际重金属动态的影响

介绍了采用上，下分根试验，使水稻根系下部生长在不同浓度铁营养液中，研究不同供铁处理对不同品种水稻吸收生金属和微量元素及其在体内转移和运输的影响。结果表明缺铁处理时常优８７－８８品种的植株地下部铁含量仅为正常供铁处理的５８％，而Ｃｄ，Ｚｎ的含量却比正常供的植株高１．４倍；缺铁时远诱一号和科长８９－１１３两个品种植株地上部含铁量也比正常供铁时低，但差异不如常优８７－８８明显，Ｃｄ，Ｚｎ含量比正常供铁时     

化工生产过程中活性危害识别

讨论了化工生产过程中活性危害的基本概念、识别方法和步骤,并以苯胺生产装置为例,利用文中提出的方法和程序进行活性危害识别.