模拟降雨作用桩锚-加筋土组合结构加固边坡研究

桩锚—加筋土组合支挡结构在治理大型复杂滑坡中发挥越来越重要的角色。以某高填方山区机场滑坡为原型,进行降雨作用对桩锚—加筋土组合支挡结构加固边坡稳定性的模型试验研究。结果表明:①桩顶位移随注水时间产生三个阶段的变化:初期平缓发展阶段、突变增加阶段、再次平缓发展阶段。后排悬臂式桩桩顶位移变化量明显大于前排埋入式桩,因此,多排锚索抗滑桩加固边坡设计时,在后排桩悬臂情况下,宜考虑后排桩比前排桩截面尺寸大、锚索间距小来减小其桩顶位移,增强坡体稳定性;②填方边坡位移随注水时间变化,坡顶一级边坡位移量最大,随边坡级数增加,位移量减小,因此多级边坡加固可适当增加边坡锚索框架;③填方坡体沉降量随注水时间表现出后缘大、前缘小的趋势;④加筋土的变形与边坡坡体的变形一致,表明加筋土能够增强填方边坡的整体性;⑤各监测曲线最终均趋于平缓,表明桩、锚和加筋土组合支挡结构体系性能发挥良好。     

Mobility and sulfidization of heavy metals in sediments of a shallow eutrophic lake, Lake Taihu, China

The technique of DGT (diffusive gradients in thin films) using three diffusive gel thicknesses was applied to estimate the mobility and bioavailability of heavy metals in sediments and porewater of Lake Taihu, China. The DGT results showed significantly positive correlations between Co, Pb, Cd and Mn, and Ni and Fe concentrations in porewater. Cu and Zn showed a significantly negative correlation with Mn, due to Cu combination with carbonates and Zn derived from agricultural pollution, respectively. The rank order of average concentrations of Co, Ni and Cd at each station was DGT_1.92 > DGT_0.78 > DGT_0.39, suggesting stronger resupply from sediments to porewater when using thicker diffusive gels. Comparing centrifugation and DGT measurements, Co, Ni and Cd are highly labile; Mn and Fe are moderately labile; and Cu, Zn and Pb are slightly labile. The variations of AVS concentrations in sediment cores indicate that metal sulfides in deeper layers are easily diffused into surface sediments.