环境资源禀赋视角下产业升级路径研究——以浙江为例

本研究以浙江省为例,立足环境资源禀赋的优势和不足,进行产业发展现状和环境资源禀赋的相容性分析,剖析产业发展存在的问题,探索新时期环境资源禀赋支撑产业升级的路径与模式,提出浙江省基于环境资源禀赋的产业发展原则和思路,要支持发展符合环境资源条件和顺应产业发展规律的优质产业,限制发展不符合环境资源条件的低端产业,建议重点发展知识技术密集型产业、海洋经济和临港产业、生态休闲养生产业、现代大农业,并积极推进传统产业转型发展.     

考虑屈曲行为的钢筋力学性能数值仿真分析

为评估考虑结构中纵筋受压屈曲形态的力学性能,采用ABAQUS有限元软件对长径比(L/D)不同的纵向钢筋在轴向压缩和循环荷载下强度和刚度的变化情况进行数值仿真,同时考虑加载历史和加载方式对钢筋力学性能的影响。结果表明,屈曲对纵向钢筋力学性能影响比较显著,纵向钢筋压缩性能取决于L/D,与钢筋屈服强度无关;钢筋在循环荷载作用下其力学性能受到加载历史、塑性变形、累积损伤以及L/D的影响,拉伸超过屈服应变后将导致钢筋压缩强度的损失,塑性变形和循环加载共同导致了钢筋累积损伤,钢筋屈曲行为造成了受压时钢筋强度和刚度的退化,并且随着L/D的增加钢筋强度和刚度退化越显著。     

水解酸化工艺的研究现状与发展趋势

水解酸化工艺对各类有机物的去除率较高,可处理高浓度、难降解废水,运行费用低,在处理纺织印染、化工、造纸废水等领域发挥了重要作用。目前研究主要集中在处理复杂污染物、工艺参数优化、机理及动力学。其发展趋势大致有:与其他工艺结合,深入研究降解机理、探索微生物菌群等。     

湿法脱硫石膏脱水系统设计优化研究

对湿法脱硫石膏脱水系统进行研究,分析了几种常见的石膏脱水系统的设计方案,提出了石膏脱水系统的优化设计方案,并与变频泵配合使用,从而达到优化系统提高整个FGD经济性的目的。     

Removal of Cd2+ from water by Friedel’s salt (FS: 3CaO.Al2O3·CaCl2·10H2O): Sorption characteristics and mechanisms

The development of low-cost and efficient new mineral adsorbents has been a hot topic in recent years. In this study, Friedel’s salt (FS:3CaO·A12O3 ·CaCl2 ·10H2O), a hexagonal layered inorganic absorbent, was synthesized to remove Cd2+ from water. The adsorption process was simulated by Langmuir and Freundlich models. The adsorption mechanism was further analyzed with TEM, XRD, FT-IR analysis and monitoring of metal cations released and solution pH variation. The results indicated the adsorbent FS had an outstanding ability for Cd(Ⅱ) adsorption. The maximum adsorption capacity of the FS for Cd(Ⅱ) removal can reach up to 671.14 mg/g. The nearly equal numbers of Cd2+ adsorbed and Ca2+ released demonstrated that ion-exchange (both surface and inner) of the FS for Cd(Ⅱ) played an important role during the adsorption process. Furthermore, the surface of the FS after adsorption was microscopically disintegrated while the inner lamellar structure was almost unchanged. The behavior of Cd(Ⅱ) adsorption by FS was significantly affected by surface reactions. The mechanisms of Cd2+ adsorption by the FS mainly included surface complexation and surface precipitation. In the present study, the adsorption process was fitted better by the Langmuir isotherm model (R2 = 0.9999) than the Freundlich isotherm model (R2 = 0.8122). Finally, due to the high capacity for ion-exchange on the FS surface, FS is a promising layered inorganic adsorbent for the removal of Cd(Ⅱ) from water.     

Characterization of typical taste and odor compounds formed by Microcystis aeruginosa

Production and characteristics of typical taste and odor (T&O) compounds by Microcystis aeruginosa were investigated. A few terpenoid chemicals, including 2-MIB, β-cyclocitral, and β-ionone, and a few sulfur compounds, such as dimethyl sulfide and dimethyl trisulfide, were detected. β-Cyclocitral and β-carotene concentrations were observed to be relevant to the growth phases of Microcystis. During the stable growth phase, 41-865 fg/cell of β-cyclocitral were found in the laboratory culture. β-Cyclocitral concentrations correlated closely with β-carotene concentrations, with the correlation coefficient R2 = 0.96, as it is formed from the cleavage reaction of β-carotene. For dead cell cases, a high concentration of dimethyl trisulfide was detected at 3.48-6.37 fg/cell. Four T&O compounds, including β-cyclocitral, β-ionone, heptanal and dimethyl trisulfide, were tested and found to be able to inhibit and damage Microcystis cells to varying degrees. Among these chemicals, β-cyclocitral has the strongest ability to quickly rupture cells.     

2种连续提取法提取3种类型土壤中重金属研究

连续提取法作为一种重要的化学分析方法,是土壤中重金属元素形态分析的主要环节,但不同提取法对于不同的土壤类型及同类土壤中不同重金属形态的提取效果差异很大.本文采用Tessier法和Maiz法等2种不同的连续提取法对华中地区常见的3种类型土壤(红壤、黄棕壤和黄褐土)中的Pb、Cd、Cu和Zn分别进行重金属形态分析,同时对Tessier法和Maiz法获得的结果进行了对比和分析.     

基于遥感监测的黄海绿潮漂移路径及分布面积特征分析

本文利用2008～2012年的多源卫星遥感序列图像,动态监测各年绿潮发生的漂移路径、影响海域面积,得到各年绿潮漂移趋势、分布面积和最大分布面积出现时间。根据监测结果,划分出影响绿潮漂移路径的关键区域,并分析了2008、2009和2010年关键区域内各年绿潮漂移方向和面积变化情况。     

基于Petri网的井喷事故应急响应系统动态过程建模

井喷事故是石油天然气勘探开发行业主要事故之一,它不仅可造成重大的财产损失,也可造成极其不良的环境破坏和社会影响。本文在对井喷事故应急响应系统组织机构的职责进行分析的基础上,建立了井喷事故应急响应系统的工作流程,并利用Petri网对该系统工作流程进行了动态过程建模,以为井喷事故应急响应系统的优化提供理论基础。     

两株高效芘降解菌对土壤中芘的降解研究

研究了芘的高效降解菌株在土壤环境中对芘降解情况,主要结论如下:(1)芽孢杆菌B6和假单孢菌B17在土壤中仍对芘具有较强的降解能力,在10 d时对芘降解率达到最大值,降解率依次为24.45%和18.77%;(2)接入菌株后,土壤中过氧化氢酶和多酚氧化酶的活性变化不显著;(3)使用利福平抗性细菌研究了菌株的定殖状况,结果表明由于土壤恶劣的环境条件,使定殖菌量偏低,但2种菌株在土壤中仍具有一定的定殖能力。且菌株B6在土壤中增殖能力强于菌株B17。