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351.
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为了得到一株具有降解微囊藻毒素一RR(MC—RR)特性的产芽孢菌株,采用加热富集芽孢菌的方法,从太湖分离到一株MC.RR降解菌CMl,该菌对MC—RR具有强烈的降解特性。通过形态学特征、生理生化特征及16SrDNA序列分析鉴定该菌株属于耐硼赖氨酸芽孢杆菌(Lysinibacillusb oronitolerans)。通过研究温度和pH值对菌株CMl降解MC—RR能力的影响,发现菌株CMl在60h将MC—RR由12.77μg/mL降解到1.67μg/mL,降解率达86.90%,最适降解温度为37℃,最适pH值为7.0。CMl菌株的胞外物质和胞内物质均能降解MC—RR,但胞内物质具有更强烈的降解特性,12h可以将7.27μg/mL的MC-RR完全降解。为丰富MC-RR降解菌纯菌种研究以及在去除水体中MC—RR应用研究方面提供了理论基础。 相似文献
353.
低浓度含砷污酸处理工艺的比较研究 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
比较研究了石灰中和法和石灰-铁盐法对硫化后含低浓度砷(20~50 mg/L)污酸的处理效果。结果表明,单纯采用石灰法,废水难以达标排放;而两段石灰-铁盐(氯化铁)法满足达标排放的同时,一段及二段沉淀物的浸出液中砷、镉、铜、铅和锌含量均低于危险废物鉴别标准要求(GB 5085.3-2007);其最优工艺参数为一段终了pH=2,反应时间为2 h,二段终了pH=8、Fe/As=8、反应时间为60 min、氧化剂投加量(Ca(ClO)2/As)为6∶1;正交实验结果中各参数对铁盐除砷效果影响顺序为终了pH>反应时间>Fe/As>氧化剂投加量。 相似文献
354.
NaOH预处理对玉米秸秆固态厌氧消化的影响 总被引:2,自引:1,他引:1
实验主要研究了NaOH预处理对玉米秸秆厌氧消化产气量和产气效率的影响。采用质量分数分别为1.0%、2.5%、5.0%和7.5%NaOH溶液对玉米秸秆进行24 h浸泡和未浸泡等预处理,测定其厌氧消化过程中各指标的变化。结果表明,经质量分数为5.0%NaOH浸泡24 h后,玉米秸秆木质素降解率最大,为38.67%;厌氧发酵累积产气量为226.75L/kg VS,与未经碱处理实验组相比提高了38.5%。该结果提示,5.0%NaOH溶液浸泡24 h后可使玉米秸秆厌氧消化的产气量和产气效率显著提高。 相似文献
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Feng Han Wenfeng Li Fei Yu Zhaojie Cui 《Environmental science and pollution research international》2014,21(9):5810-5817
Substance flow analysis (SFA) is applied to a case study of chlorine metabolism in a chlor-alkali industrial chain. A chain-level SFA model is constructed, and eight indices are proposed to analyze and evaluate the metabolic status of elemental chlorine. The primary objectives of this study are to identify low-efficiency links in production processes and to find ways to improve the operational performance of the industrial chain. Five-year in-depth data collection and analysis revealed that system production efficiency and source efficiency continued increasing since 2008, i.e., when the chain was first formed, at average annual growth rates of 21.01 % and 1.01 %, respectively. In 2011, 64.15 % of the total chlorine input was transformed into final products. That is, as high as 98.50 % of the chlorine inputs were utilized when other by-products were counted. Chlorine loss occurred mostly in the form of chloride ions in wastewater, and the system loss rate was 0.54 %. The metabolic efficiency of chlorine in this case was high, and the chain system had minimal impact on the environment. However, from the perspectives of processing depth and economic output, the case study of a chlor-alkali industrial chain still requires expansion. 相似文献
358.
Xiao-Song He Bei-Dou Xi Dan Li Xu-Jing Guo Dong-Yu Cui Hong-Wei Pan Yan Ma 《Environmental science and pollution research international》2014,21(12):7522-7529
Compost leachates were collected to investigate the influence of the composition and removal of volatile fatty acids (VFAs), humic-like substances (HSs), and dissolved organic nitrogen (DON) on heavy metal distribution during the leachate treatment process. The results showed that acetic and propionic acids accounted for 81.3 to 93.84 % of VFAs, and that these acids were removed by the anaerobic-aerobic process. Humic- and fulvic-like substances were detected by excitation–emission matrix spectroscopy coupled with parallel factor analysis, and their content significantly decreased after the anaerobic and membrane treatments. DON in compost leachates ranged from 26.53 mg L-1 to 919.46 mg L-1, comprised of dissolved free amino acids and the protein-like matter bound to humic- and fulvic-like substances, and was removed by the aerobic process. Correlation analysis showed that Mn, Ni, and Pb were bound to VFAs and protein-, fulvic-, and humic-like substances in the leachates. Co was primarily bound to fulvic- and humic-like matter and inorganic sulfurs, whereas Cu, Zn, and Cd interacted with inorganic sulfur. 相似文献
359.
Xiao-Song He Bei-Dou Xi Hong-Wei Pan Xiang Li Dan Li Dong-Yu Cui Wen-Bin Tang Ying Yuan 《Environmental science and pollution research international》2014,21(13):7973-7984
To investigate the effect of organic matter evolution on heavy metal sorption, fluorescence excitation–emission matrix (EEM) spectra combined with parallel factor (PARAFAC) analysis were employed to characterize the evolution and metal-complexing potential of fluorescent water-extractable organic matter (WEOM) from composted municipal solid wastes (MSWs). The WEOMs examined comprised humic-, fulvic-, tryptophan-, and tyrosine-like substances. Composting treatment increased the content of humic- and fulvic-like matter, and changed the existence pattern of tryptophan- and tyrosine-like substances (i.e., the tryptophan- and tyrosine-like substances from uncomposted MSWs were mainly bound in protein-like matter, whereas those from composted MSWs were primarily bound in humic- and fulvic-like substances). Furthermore, composting treatment increased the polar functional group, aromaticity, and humification degree of the WEOMs, but decreased the aliphatic and hydroxyl group. These evolutions decreased the Cu(II) affinities of fulvic- and humic-like substances and the Pb(II) affinities and complexing capacities of fulvic-like substances, but increased the Cu(II) complexing capacities of fulvic- and humic-like substances. These results reveal that mature composts from the MSWs can be used for the remediation of Cu- and Pb-contaminated soils in situ, whereas immature composts can enhance the metal transferability from soil to plant. 相似文献
360.