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981.
Analyzing trophic transfer of heavy metals for food webs in the newly-formed wetlands of the Yellow River Delta, China 总被引:3,自引:0,他引:3
Cui B Zhang Q Zhang K Liu X Zhang H 《Environmental pollution (Barking, Essex : 1987)》2011,159(5):1297-1306
Nine heavy metals sampled from water, sediments, and aquatic organisms in the newly-formed wetlands of the Yellow River Delta (YRD) of China were analyzed to evaluate their concentrations and trophic transfer in food webs. The stable carbon (δ13C) and nitrogen (δ15N) isotopes were used to investigate trophic interactions. Results show that most of heavy metals detected in water and sediments are lower than that in Yangtze River Delta and Pearl River Delta. The longest food web is approximately 4 with the highest trophic level of birds. The difference of heavy metal concentrations between endangered Saunders’s Gull and other three kinds of protected birds is not obvious. Cd, Zn, and Hg were identified to have an increase with the trophic level (TL), while As, Cr, Cu, Mn, Ni and Pb show an opposite trend, however, the biomagnification of the selected nine heavy metals in the food webs is not significant. 相似文献
982.
983.
Ge C Zhang M Zhu L Han X Wang J 《Journal of the Air & Waste Management Association (1995)》2011,61(11):1246-1261
The air quality modeling system Regional Atmospheric Modeling System-Community Multi-scale Air Quality (RAMS-CMAQ) was applied to analyze temporospatial variations in wet acid deposition over East Asia in 2005, and model results obtained on a monthly basis were evaluated against extensive observations, including precipitation amounts at 704 stations and SO4(2-), NO3-, and NH4+ concentrations in the atmosphere and rainwater at 18 EANET (the Acid Deposition Monitoring Network in East Asia) stations. The comparison shows that the modeling system can reasonably reproduce seasonal precipitation patterns, especially the extensive area of dry conditions in northeast China and north China and the major precipitation zones. For ambient concentrations and wet depositions, the simulated results are in reasonable agreement (within a factor of 2) with observations in most cases, and the major observed features are mostly well reproduced. The analysis of modeled wet deposition distributions indicates that East Asia experiences noticeable variations in its wet deposition patterns throughout the year. In winter, southern China and the coastal areas of the Japan Sea report higher S04(2-) and NO3- wet depositions. In spring, elevated SO4(2-) and NO3-wet depositions are found in northeastern China, southern China, and around the Yangtze River. In summer, a remarkable rise in precipitation in northeastern China, the valleys of the Huaihe and Yangtze rivers, Korea, and Japan leads to a noticeable increase in SO4(2-) and NO3- wet depositions, whereas in autumn, higher SO4(2-) and NO3-wet depositions are found around Sichuan Province. Meanwhile, due to the high emission of SO2, high wet depositions of SO4(2-) are found throughout the entire year in the area surrounding Sichuan Province. There is a tendency toward decreasing NO3- concentrations in rainwater from China through Korea to Japan in both observed and simulated results, which is a consequence of the influence of the continental outflow from Eurasia. The same tendency is not found for SO4(2-). 相似文献
984.
Antiandrogenic activity of pyrethroid pesticides and their metabolite in reporter gene assay 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
Many pesticides possess hormonal activity and have thus been classified as endocrine disruptors. Pyrethroids are commonly used pesticides worldwide, but little has been done to characterize their antiandrogenic activity potential. We tested three frequently encountered pyrethroids (fenvalerate, cypermethrin, permethrin) and their metabolite 3-phenoxybenzoic acid (3-PBA) for antiandrogenic and androgenic activity using a human androgen receptor (AR) mediated luciferase reporter gene assay in CV-1 African green monkey kidney cell. The assay displayed appropriate response to the known AR agonist 5alpha-dihydrotestosterone and AR antagonist nilutamide and flutamide. At 0.1mM, all the three tested pyrethroids significantly suppressed the luciferase expression. Further, their metabolite 3-PBA also showed antagonist activity. None of the test chemicals showed androgenic activity. Through the antiandrogenic pathways, exposure to certain pyrethroids may contribute to the damage of reproductive system. In conclusion, pyrethroid pesticides can act as antiandrogen in vitro, and metabolizing to 3-PBA cannot eliminate the antagonist activity. This result provides useful information for risk assessment of pyrethroid pesticides. 相似文献
985.
粘虫受中红侧沟茧蜂寄生后的生理变化 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
粘虫(Pseudaletia separata)被中红侧沟茧蜂(Microplitis mediator)寄生以后生理生化上发生了一系列变化。通过被寄生粘虫的生长(体重)、发育(龄期)、血淋巴总蛋白含量和酚氧化酶活性等生理生化指标动态的研究,试图探讨中红侧沟茧蜂对寄主粘虫的生理调节方式和途径,进一步探讨寄生蜂同寄主相互协调、相互影响的关系。图6参20 相似文献
986.
我国水污染及饮用水源中有机污染物的危害 总被引:43,自引:0,他引:43
本文阐述了我国水污染环境的状况和危害,以及微污染饮用水源的水质特征和饮用水源中的有机污染物及其危害。 相似文献
987.
988.
989.
炭膜曝气生物膜反应器硝化作用及其微生物群落结构分析 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
采用炭膜曝气生物膜反应器处理无机含氮废水,通过改变进水氨氮浓度和水力停留时间,研究了反应器硝化性能、氧利用情况以及氨氮去除负荷,并对生物膜表面特性和硝化菌优势菌种进行分析.结果表明, 在膜内气压0.017 MPa,进水NH+4-N 50 mg/L,HRT为8 h条件下,NH+4-N去除率达到96%,出水NO-2-N平均为17 mg/L,一定程度上实现了短程硝化,炭膜所供给氧气被生物膜全部消耗;系统比表面氨氮最大去除速率为9.7 g/(m2·d),炭膜表面有限的生物量制约了去除速率的进一步提高; 荧光原位杂交技术分析揭示生物膜内亚硝化单胞菌(Nitrosomonas)和亚硝化螺菌(Nitrosospira)为亚硝化细菌优势菌种,分别占细菌总菌数的19%和21%,硝化螺菌(Nitrospira)为硝化细菌优势菌种,占总菌数的20%,未检测到硝化杆菌(Nitrobacter)的存在. 相似文献
990.
昆虫病毒的发现始于16世纪,但直到本世纪50年代,伴随着电子显微镜的发明,昆虫病毒学的研究才得到飞速发展.近年来,昆虫病毒学的研究已引起人们的高度重视,主要是因为:1.杆状病毒可做为载体,以表达外源基因;2.做为杀虫剂,可有效地控制农业病虫害的发生,... 相似文献