人与非洲猎豹相处的日子

我从路华汽车里小心翼翼地滑出来，带着大型摄影机以及各式各样的器材，这可不是件容易的事。     

Landmark memories are more robust when acquired at the nest site than en route: experiments in desert ants

Foraging desert ants, Cataglyphis fortis, encounter different sequences of visual landmarks while navigating by path integration. This paper explores the question whether the storage of landmark information depends on the context in which the landmarks are learned during an ant's foraging journey. Two experimental set-ups were designed in which the ants experienced an artificial landmark panorama that was placed either around the nest entrance (nest marks) or along the vector route leading straight towards the feeder (route marks). The two training paradigms resulted in pronounced differences in the storage characteristics of the acquired landmark information: memory traces of nest marks were much more robust against extinction and/or suppression than those of route marks. In functional terms, this result is in accord with the observation that desert ants encounter new route marks during every foraging run but always pass the same landmarks when approaching the nest entrance.     

Inter and intra-population variation in shoaling and boldness in the zebrafish (<Emphasis Type="Italic">Danio rerio</Emphasis>)

Population differences in anti-predator behaviour have been demonstrated in several species, although less is known about the genetic basis of these traits. To determine the extent of genetic differences in boldness (defined as exploration of a novel object) and shoaling within and between zebrafish (Danio rerio) populations, and to examine the genetic basis of shoaling behaviour in general, we carried out a study that involved laboratory-raised fish derived from four wild-caught populations. Controlling for differences in rearing environment, significant inter-population differences were found in boldness but not shoaling. A larger shoaling experiment was also performed using one of the populations as the basis of a North Carolina type II breeding design (174 fish in total) to estimate heritability of shoaling tendency. A narrow-sense heritability estimate of 0.40 was obtained, with no apparent dominance effects.     

有惊无险的暗访

“清理整顿不法排污企业保障群众健康环保行动”中查处的违法排污典型案件。     

浅成环境中岩浆流体的演化:稳定同位素透视

根据矿床地质背景、热液蚀变组合、流体包裹体和稳定同位素地球比学．特别是根据浅成岩浆热液环境中特征矿物明矾石的稳定同位素（δDδ18O、δ34S）组成，研究岩浆成矿流体的来源、动态演化与成成矿机理，获得了许多新认识；根据δ34S和δ18O可将明矾石划分出两种不同的成因类型；岩浆成矿热液在时间上从早期的气相流体向主成矿期的液相流体演化，而岩浆热液矿床在空间上主要定位干脆性-延性过渡带。     

电化学检测离子色谱法测定氰化物、硫化物、碘化物和溴化物

用离子色谱(IC)和通过银工作电极的电化学检测来分离和检测氰化物、硫化物、碘化物和溴化物。它们的检测性限分别为2PPb、30PPb、lOPPb和lOPPb。氰化物和硫化物能同时测定,以及还有其它能被IC测定的一般阴离子。包含在镉和锌络合物中的氰化物作为总游离氰化物被定量测定,而包含在镍和铜络合物中的氰化物只有一部分作为游离氰化物被测定。在金、铁或钴络合物中强键合的氰化物不被测定。虽然离子交换技术能容易地使氰化物或硫化物与大多数普遍的阴离子分离,但是它们通过一般的方法如电导法的检测是     

源自车辆的微粒磁性与Ficus infectoria(一个关键种)对它的改善

引言 源自车辆燃烧的磁性矿物质主要是磁铁矿和金属铁颗粒,大小为0.1～0.7 μm[1].这种大小的颗粒对人类特别有害,因为它能被吸入肺里.而且,在悬浮尘粒中,磁铁与其它重金属(如锌、镉、铬)[2]和对人体健康有害的诱变有机化合物[3]结合在一起.     

Fluid Mechanics of Biological Surfaces and their Technological Application

 A survey is given on fluid-dynamic effects caused by the structure and properties of biological surfaces. It is demonstrated that the results of investigations aiming at technological applications can also provide insights into biophysical phenomena. Techniques are described both for reducing wall shear stresses and for controlling boundary-layer separation. (a) Wall shear stress reduction was investigated experimentally for various riblet surfaces including a shark skin replica. The latter consists of 800 plastic model scales with compliant anchoring. Hairy surfaces are also considered, and surfaces in which the no-slip condition is modified. Self-cleaning surfaces such as that of lotus leaves represent an interesting option to avoid fluid-dynamic deterioration by the agglomeration of dirt. An example of technological implementation is discussed for riblets in long-range commercial aircraft. (b) Separation control is also an important issue in biology. After a few brief comments on vortex generators, the mechanism of separation control by bird feathers is described in detail. Self-activated movable flaps (=artificial bird feathers) represent a high-lift system enhancing the maximum lift of airfoils by about 20%. This is achieved without perceivable deleterious effects under cruise conditions. Finally, flight experiments on an aircraft with laminar wing and movable flaps are presented.     

硒酸钠和亚硒酸钠对长春花细胞悬浮生长的影响

研究了硒化合物对长春花(C.roseus)细胞悬浮生长的影响.在pH5.5培养介质中,当Se(Ⅵ)>0.5ppm或Se(Ⅳ)>0.6ppm时,将抑制C.roseus细胞悬浮生长,其致死浓度分别是100ppm Se(Ⅵ)和2.0ppm Se(Ⅳ).C.roseus对硒化合物有效强的富集作用.硒化合物的毒性和培养介质的pH值有关.在本试验条件下,硒酸钠和亚硒酸钠对Hg~(2+)无拮抗作用.     

Protozoan colonization on artificial substrates in relation to water quality in a tropical Indian harbour

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