Cultural and individual differences in self‐rating behavior: an extension and refinement of the cultural relativity hypothesis

This study examined the relationships between culture, individual attributes, and self‐rating behavior among 1,786 university students in Canada, Hong Kong, Taiwan, mainland China, and Japan, and in doing so extended and refined the cultural relativity hypothesis. It explored the difference between vertical and horizontal individualists in self‐rating behavior, and examined the mediating effects of two individual attributes, self‐enhancement propensity and general self‐efficacy in the relationship between individualism and self‐rating behavior. The results confirmed that individualism is the cultural driver for self‐rating leniency, and that the individual‐level assessment of individualism is a stronger predictor of self‐rating leniency than are culture‐level differences. Vertical individualism was found to be positively related to self‐enhancement propensity, which in turn was positively related to self‐rating. Whereas, horizontal individualism was positively related to general self‐efficacy, which in turn had a positive relationship with self‐rating. We discuss the implications of the results for academic research and practical management. Copyright © 2006 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

Current status and research on E-waste issues in Asia

Rapid economic growth in Asia and the increasing transboundary movement of secondary resources will increasingly require both 3R endeavors (reduce, reuse, recycle) in each country and appropriate control of international material cycles. Recently, managing electrical and electronic waste (E-waste) has become an important target for domestic and international material cycles from the viewpoints of environmental preservation and resource utilization efficiency. To understand the current status of E-waste issues in the context of international material cycles and to discuss the future tasks related to achieving 3R in the region, we organized the National Institute for Environmental Studies (NIES) E-waste Workshop in December 2004. This article reviews past studies on E-waste and briefly describes the topics presented and discussions held at the workshop. The topics at the workshop included E-waste generation, recycling systems, international trade, and environmental impacts. In addition, we discussed various issues such as terminology, current environmental concerns, and possible solutions. Transboundary shipments of E-waste should be conducted taking into consideration the concept of sustainable development. The direction of future research and possible collaborations are also discussed.     

河津发电厂废水零排放实施及建议

介绍了河津发电厂目前的用水、排水情况及工业废水零排放实施方案，对方案实施后的效果进行了预测，同时对废水零排放实施后运行中可能出现的问题进行了分析并提出了建议。     

我国猕猴桃整形修剪技术

探讨了猕猴桃整形修剪在保持良好树形、促进生长发育、达到优质丰产方面的作用，介绍了我国猕猴桃整形修剪技术在整形架式、整形方法、修剪时间、修剪方法等方面的研究进展。     

山岳型宗教旅游地的土地利用分析--九华山风景名胜区实证研究

九华山风景名胜区是山岳型宗教旅游地。通过对九华山风景区的实地调查，总结了该类旅游地的土地利用特点，即统一性和协调性、难以变更性、总量有限性，并进行了土地利用沿革、变更和影响方面的分析。利用层次分析法从生存指标、发展指标、社会指标、环境指标和智力指标5个方面对九华山风景区的土地利用进行了定量讨论，认为九华山风景区土地利用问题现阶段主要集中在九华街景区、花台景区和柯村景区。在此基础上，对九华山风景区土地的可持续利用提出了相应的对策。     

主题旅游活动项目策划研究--以峨眉山"2004年百姓生活游"旅游活动项目策划为例

自1992年以来，我国国家旅游局每年推出一个专项旅游产品作为对外宣传口号。为配合此项活动的开展，各地纷纷组织了相应的主题旅游活动。通过主题旅游活动的开展，能够有效地整合区域旅游资源、提升旅游目的地形象、丰富旅游目的地产品类型、促进旅游基础设施和服务设施建设、弘扬当地传统文化。通过对峨眉山“2004年百姓生活游”主题旅游活动项目策划的研究，对主题旅游活动项目策划的理论与方法进行了初步探讨。     

循环流化床锅炉脱硫的影响因素分析

较为系统的分析了影响循环流化床锅炉脱硫的各因素,其中包括运行床温、Ca与S物质的量、床料粒度、流化速度、以及SO_2在炉膛停留时间等,提出在不同运行条件下利用拟合曲线找出最佳脱硫工况。     

红外光度法测定石油类和动植物油常见问题探讨

根据石油类在波数为2930cm-1、2960 cm-1、3030 cm-1全部或部分谱带处有物征吸收的原理,采用红外光度测油仪和水样絮凝富集技术测定石油类、动植物油。     

我国安全学科学历教育的困境与对策

我国安全形势严峻的重要原因是安全科技人才缺乏。安全学科学历教育作为我国安全科技高级人才培养的主要渠道之一,为国家造就和输送了大批安全科技人才。但是,由于安全学科学历教育体制没有很好适应市场经济的发展,遇到了不少难以解决的问题。依据对高校和煤炭企业调查所获得的资料,统计发现:目前我国安全学科学历教育所面临的主要问题是专业设置的局限性、培养目标的雷同性和课程设置的低通用性;社会对安全人才需求与目前高校安全专业招生和毕业生就业之间存在的突出矛盾。在详细调研和分析的基础上,提出了相应的安全人才后备队伍建设应采取的对策,即加大政府调控力度、实施“人才兴安”战略,深化教育教学改革、培养高素质安全人才。     

Using consequence analysis on some chlorine operation hazards and their possible effects on neighborhoods in central Taiwan

The applications of chlorine have been broadly used in many industrial products, such as bleaching agents, synthetic rubbers, plastics, disinfectants, iron chlorides, fire refractory materials, insecticides, and anti-freezers, etc. According to the Taiwan Environmental Protection Administration (TEPA), more than 30 thousand tons were used in the year 2000. In addition, there were more than 12 reported incidents from 2000 to 2003—mostly on using chlorine as disinfectants (five) and as process agents (four).

This study investigated 15 chlorine operation plants in central Taiwan. These chlorine usages included bleaching agents, disinfectants, iron chloride, synthesizing rubber plastics, and others. Thirteen plants were located in the industrial parks and two were in or near residential zones. The consequence analysis were used three different methods to analyze the worst-case scenarios (WCSs) and alternative release case scenarios (ACSs) in order to compare impact zones for applying various active and passive mitigation systems, such as confined space, scrubber, water-spray, and so no. For two plants in or near residential zones, multi-layers mitigation systems and operation limits should be implemented in order to enforce more stringent protection measures. However, there was no specific regulation for chlorine plants operated at different locations, such as industrial parks or residential zones. In order to reduce chemical accidents and their impacts on public safety, our results suggest that source mitigation/management and warning systems should be adopted simultaneously.