非典型环境案件法律适用问题初探

实践中一些非典型环境案件的法律适用问题存在争议。对此,必须明确:生态破坏侵权属于一般侵权行为,应当适用《侵权责任法》对一般侵权行为的规定;家庭生活污染和劳动环境污染属于环境污染,受害者在法律适用上有选择权;室内装修污染不属于环境污染,其责任属于产品责任,不适用环境污染侵权规则。     

OTBL模式在数学应用能力培养中的实践——以市场营销专业为例

OBTL模式是以明确的目标和成果为导向,以学生为中心,以培养学生适应未来岗位要求的能力和素质为根本目的的教育模式。借鉴OBTL教学模式及其理念,依据市场营销专业的人才培养目标,确立了数据处理能力、案例分析能力和数学建模能力的能力目标,设计相匹配的多种数学实践活动,并构建多元化评估体系,旨在增强教学的针对性和实效性,提升高职学生的数学应用能力。     

财政分权对中国环境污染影响程度的实证分析

财政分权体现了中央政府和地方政府间的财政权力分配关系,它可以通过支出分权度和收入分权度两个指标进行衡量。从理论上分析,大多数研究结论都认为财政分权与污染量排放存在负激励,但是缺乏相应的实证研究。本文利用1998年到2009年的省级面板数据,对中国财政分权与污染物排放规模之间的关系进行了实证分析。本文选取工业废气排放量、工业固体废弃物排放量、工业废水排放量和二氧化硫排放量作为衡量污染物排放规模的指标,选择支出分权度与收入分权度作为解释变量,选择人均GDP、人口密度、城市化水平、外商投资总额、工业化水平作为控制变量。本文还将所有省份按照地理位置划分为东部和中西部两组进行稳健性检验。研究结果表明:以支出分权度衡量的财政分权指标与污染物排放规模负相关,且实证结果具有稳健性,以收入分权度衡量的财政分权指标与污染物排放规模的关系从实证的角度来讲不确定。     

生物活性炭曝气滤池处理油田废水的应用

为实现DB 12/356-2008《天津市污水综合排放标准》(CODCr≤60mg/L)要求,大港油田对原有的废水生化处理工艺进行技术升级改造,优选生物活性炭曝气滤池工艺作为工程改造的主体技术方案。现场实施后,各项水质指标均达到了天津市标准的要求,对大港油田工业废水深度处理工作具有实践指导意义。     

含硫化氢油田地面工程设计实践与认识

文章分析了硫化氢(H2S)的危害,提出了含H2S油田地面工程设计思路。在长庆油田现有工艺流程的基础上,针对硫化氢的危害,通过采用地面工艺全流程密闭、选用抗硫工艺设备、管材等工艺技术,实现油田安全清洁生产,确保油田安全、高效开发。     

The effect of continuous exposure of copper on the properties and extracellular polymeric substances (EPS) of bulking activated sludge

Introduction  

This study investigated the effect of copper on chemical oxygen demand (COD) removal efficiency and on the properties (mainly settling and dewatering) and the composition of extracellular polymeric substances (EPS) when 20 mg/L Cu(II) was continuously dosed to a sequencing batch reactor (SBR) inoculated with activated sludge.     

土壤原位覆盖对底泥的修复作用研究

在高度厌氧底泥和富营养化水体构成的模拟生态系统中,采用土壤和硅藻土进行原位覆盖,研究了覆盖技术对水．沉积物界面微环境的改善作用和不同覆盖材料对苦草生长的影响。这2种底质覆盖后,表层底泥氧化还原电位（Eh）分别提高了48．37％和46．77％,底层水体的溶解氧消耗降低,水体中的总氮（TN）和总磷（TP）含量降低;与对照箱体的苦草死亡相比,经过土壤和硅藻土覆盖的箱体中苦草正常萌发、定植和生长;硅藻土箱体苦草的生物量、叶绿素和根茎比均高于土壤覆盖箱体。因此,原位覆盖能有效改善底层水体和表层底泥的氧化还原环境,隔绝污染底泥和延缓营养盐释放,为沉水植物种子萌发和幼苗生长提供有利的生境条件。     

Conjugation of Soybean Oil and It’s Free-Radical Copolymerization with Acrylonitrile

The conjugated soybean oil was synthesized through the isomerization reaction of soybean oil to transformed the structure of linoleic acid into conjugated linoleic acid structure, and Rhodium complexes (RhCl(Pph₃)₃) was used as catalyst. The efficiency on the conjugation of catalyst RhCl (Pph₃)₃, tin dichloride dehydrate (SnCl₂·2H₂O) and triphenylphosphine (Pph₃) were evaluated. The results showed when RhCl(Pph₃)₃, SnCl₂·2H₂O and Pph₃ are 9.25, 9.0 and 13.1 mg in 100 g soybean oil respectively, the highest conversion of conjugation achieved 96%. The free radical copolymerization of conjugated soybean oil with acrylonitrile (AN) and dicyclopentadiene (DCP) was studied. AIBN was used as the initiator. FT-IR and ¹H-NMR results indicates that the conjugated soybean oil with AN and DCP did occur free radical copolymerization with the initiator AIBN. The product is light yellow powder. The thermal properties of the soy-based copolymer were investigated by TG and DSC. The initial degradation temperature of polymers is higher then 250 °C.     

Unusual Salinity Conditions in the Yangtze Estuary in 2006: Impacts of an Extreme Drought or of the Three Gorges Dam?

During the extreme dry year of 2006, abnormal salinity conditions in the Changjiang Estuary of the Yangtze River occurred in partial coincidence with the second impoundment phase of the TGD (Three Gorges Dam). Analysis of discharge observations in the upper reaches of the estuary and of salinity observations in the estuary as a whole reveals that in 2006 salinity was over 100 mg/l during 275 days, over 250 mg/l during 75 days and over 400 mg/l during 48 days. It is well known that this is due to extreme low discharges from the upper catchment area into the estuary. Moreover, large amounts of water consumed along the lower reaches of the Yangtze River can also aggravate the low discharges that lead to stronger saltwater intrusion in the estuary. Of the 75 days that salinity was over 250 mg/l, the low discharge was decreased further by 10 to 20% due to water consumption. The additional impact of the impoundment phase of the TGD (lasting 37 days in autumn) was noticeable only during 7 days in 2006. During that period, the relative contributions of the TGD and the water consumption in the lower reaches of the Yangtze River amounted to 70 and 30%, respectively. It may be concluded that the impact of the second impoundment phase of the TGD on salinity intrusion in the estuary was modest, while the extreme drought of 2006 was the dominant cause.