植物净化空气中汞污染的研究

对上海市常见易生长的22种植物进行了现场采样测试，结果发现，瓜子黄杨、广玉兰、海桐、蚊母、墨西哥落叶杉及棕榈对汞蒸气具有很强的吸收富集能力及抗毒性能．然后采用富集能力最强的瓜子黄杨进行一系列试验，结果显示，汞浓度随接触瓜子黄杨时间的延长而降低，而瓜子黄杨叶片的汞含量随时间的延长而增加。根据吸汞实验，计算得瓜子黄杨叶面积的吸气速率为0.133m     

山东省矿产资源特点及其开发利用

山东矿产资源以能源矿、非金属矿、金矿和铁矿等具优势,常用矿产与优势矿产吻合程度高,主要矿产资源地区匹配关系好,便于综合开发利用。矿产资源开发利用对山东工业发展具有重要导向作用,但也存在加工程度低、综合利用效益差、资源浪费重、对生态环境影响大等问题。在综合分析资源特点和利用现状的基础上,构想了山东主要矿产资源开发基地的布局和发展趋势。     

Cationic organobismuth complex as an effective catalyst for conversion of CO2 into cyclic carbonates

In order to achieve high-efficiency conversion of CO₂ into valuable chemicals, and to exploit new applications of organobismuth compounds, cationic organobismuth complex with 5,6,7,12-tetrahydrodibenz[c,f][1,5] azabismocine framework was examined for the first time for the coupling of CO₂ into cyclic carbonates, using terminal epoxides as substrates and tetrabutylammonium halide as co-catalyst in a solvent-free environment under mild conditions. It is shown that the catalyst exhibited high activity and selectivity for the coupling reaction of CO₂ with a wide range of terminal epoxide. The selectivity of propylene carbonates could reach 100%, and the maximum turnover frequency was up to 10740 h⁻¹ at 120°C and 3 MPa CO₂ pressure when tetrabutylammonium iodide was used as co-catalyst. Moreover, the catalyst is environment friendly, resistant to air and water, and can be readily reused and recycled without any loss of activity, demonstrating a potential in industrial application.     

化工园区储罐多米诺效应的脆弱性评估

为减少化工园储罐区多米诺效应发生概率,找出最容易发生多米诺效应、且对事故影响最大的储罐,评估各储罐的脆弱性等级。首先基于不同领域脆弱性的内涵和多米诺效应的特点,提出多米诺效应情况下储罐脆弱性的定义;然后利用熵权物元可拓模型和风险矩阵法的客观性,并结合复杂网络模型和逼近理想排序法(TOPSIS)模型评估事故网络节点重要度,从初始事故的可能性与传播影响力2个方面,构建多米诺效应下储罐脆弱性分级评估模型;最后应用该模型评估某化工园储罐区各罐体脆弱性等级,并将结果与贝叶斯方法的评估结果对比。结果表明: 该模型考虑了储罐自身属性及影响扩展范围,得到的脆弱性分级结果更准确。     

西安市夏末秋初PM_(2.5)中碳组分分析

2012年9月1日至30日利用大气气溶胶OC/EC在线分析仪在线分析了西安PM2.5中的OC、EC,并结合O3和紫外辐射数据(UV)进行了分析。结果表明:PM2.5、OC、EC、及O3的日均值分别为85.22,19.50,7.18,56.69μg/m3。PM2.5及其中OC、EC的日变化规律呈现"双峰"分布,OC、EC的日波动范围较PM2.5小,且OC的波动范围较EC大,OC、EC的相关性较高(R2=0.73)。PM2.5中TCA的平均比重为47.85%,是PM2.5的主要成分之一,TCA以OM为主,OM中SOC的平均比重高达54.76%,PM2.5中SOC的平均比重为21.25%,SOC和O3的相关性较高,表明研究期间西安市有机物光化学反应较重。1 d中10:00至19:00是PM2.5中SOC比重最高的时段且呈上升趋势,而PM2.5中TCA的变化规律则呈"W"型双峰分布。     

鄂尔多斯盆地上古生界天然气的运移与聚集

通过对上古生界烃源岩天然气排气史、天然气运移方向和沉积相带的展布等综合分析 ,可将上古生界天然气的运移聚集分为三叠纪—早白垩世和早白垩世后两个阶段。在三叠纪—早白垩世阶段 ,天然气运移方向主要是向北 ,而在早白垩世后阶段 ,天然气主要是就近运移聚集而成藏 ,这一阶段是鄂尔多斯盆地上古生界天然气重要的运移与聚集期 ,故上古生界煤成气藏的成藏期较晚。鄂尔多斯盆地北部和中部的靖边古三角洲是天然气聚集的有利地区 ,具有较好的天然气勘探前景     

太湖流域地区开展农村环境连片整治的探索

农村环境连片整治以解决区域性突出环境问题为目的,对地域空间上相对聚集在一起的多个村庄实施同步、集中整治是使环境问题得到有效解决的治理方式。本文阐述了农村环境问题的现状及开展农村环境保护的背景,从农村环境连片整治的特点出发,以常州武进区雪堰镇农村环境综合整治示范点成功开展整治工作为例,进行太湖流域地区开展农村环境连片整治的探索,并总结了在太湖流域地区成功开展农村环境连片整治的建议及农村环保工作的导向。     

Au − Pd/mesoporous Fe2O3: Highly active photocatalysts for the visible-light-driven degradation of acetone

Three-dimensionally ordered mesoporous Fe_2O_3(meso-Fe_2O_3) and its supported Au, Pd,and Au-Pd alloy(xA uP dy/meso-Fe_2O_3; x = 0.08–0.72 wt.%; Pd/Au molar ratio(y) = 1.48–1.85)photocatalysts have been prepared via the KIT-6-templating and polyvinyl alcohol-protected reduction routes, respectively. Physical properties of the samples were characterized, and their photocatalytic activities were evaluated for the photocatalytic oxidation of acetone in the presence of a small amount of H_2O_2 under visible-light illumination. It was found that the meso-Fe_2O_3 was rhombohedral in crystal structure. The as-obtained samples displayed a high surface area of 111.0–140.8 m~2/g and a bandgap energy of 1.98–2.12 eV. The Au, Pd and/or Au–Pd alloy nanoparticles(NPs) with a size of 3–4 nm were uniformly dispersed on the surface of the meso-Fe_2O_3 support. The 0.72 wt.% AuP d1.48/meso-Fe_2O_3 sample performed the best in the presence of 0.06 mol/L H_2O_2 aqueous solution, showing a 100% acetone conversion within4 hr of visible-light illumination. It was concluded that the good performance of 0.72 wt.%AuPd_(1.48)/meso-Fe_2O_3 for photocatalytic acetone oxidation was associated with its ordered mesoporous structure, high adsorbed oxygen species concentration, plasmonic resonance effect between AuPd_(1.48) NPs and meso-Fe_2O_3, and effective separation of the photogenerated charge carriers. In addition, the introduction of H_2O_2 and the involvement of the photo-Fenton process also played important roles in enhancing the photocatalytic activity of 0.72 wt.%AuPd_(1.48)/meso-Fe_2O_3.