模化城市有机垃圾的热解研究

本文简介了对城市有机垃圾(模化垃圾)进行热解的研究结果。得到了产气量、可燃气体成分、热解时间等随热解温度的变化关系。研究结果指出,当城市有机垃圾含水率W~y<50％,热解温度在900℃左右条件下,有机垃圾的潜能不仅能实现自身的处理,而且可输出部分热能。     

废铁屑生产聚合硫酸铁实验研究

文章介绍了聚合硫酸铁的制备，并用不同的原料合成了几种聚合硫酸铁产品，讨论了影响产品性能的因素。同时，将它们用于给水处理和污水处理，取得了较为理想的结果。     

Photocatalytic decolorization of dispersol dyes

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区域开发环境影响评价与区域环境规划

论述了区域开发环境影响评价与区域环境规划的概念、基本原则，提出了工作程序并对主要部分进行了分析。     

植物对二氧化硫的反应和抗性研究 Ⅸ.SO2伤害与叶组织电阻的变化

应用祝宗岭等(1982)改进的在稳流下测量植物组织电阻的中段电压降法,测定了小麦叶片在SO_2或HSO_3-引起伤害过程中的叶组织电阻变化,并与离子外渗的变化进行了比较。小麦接触不同浓度SO_2,如浓度在伤害阈值以下,组织电阻无明显变化.如以引起伤害的浓度处理,在出现伤害的初始症状前组织电阻就开始下降,而随着熏气时间的延长在出现初始症状时则有一急剧下降。浓度高,电阻下降也大。平行测定离子外渗的变化,它与组织电阻呈负相关,相关系数为0.936,回归方程为y=412.7-28.3x。 用不同浓度的HSO_3~-处理小麦离体叶,组织电阻也随浓度的增加而下降。 试验结果说明,测定叶组织的电阻可以比较灵敏地反映叶细胞质膜的结构和功能受损的程度。这方法可应用于原位叶或离体叶测定,也便于作动态观测。     

Stability of alpine timberline ecotone on Taibai Mountain,China

--Landscape boundaries are always indicated by thevegetation boundaries. As an ecotone between closed forest andtreeline, alpine timberline may respond to global climate changessensitively. The stability of timberline and treeline depend notonly on climate change, but also on the interaction of both sidesof the ecosystems. Three natural boundaries existing in thetimberline transitional zone are recognized (1) timberline (upperlimit of closed forest zone); (2) treeline (upper limit of treeislands zone); (3) tree-species line (upper limit of individualtree growth). Paleobotanical and sedimentary evidences suggest thatthere were several times of climate fluctuation during the Holoceneperiod in this area. The timberline of Taibai Mountain must havemoved for four times on the millennium scale. Being a stochasticoscillation boundary, treeline appears in a semi-stable conditionon the century scale. The tree-species line is even more unstable,which appears in an unstable status on the decades scale. Thecomparison of the stability within several landscape boundaries,shed light on the sensibility of these communities to variousperturbation and environmental heterogeneity, i.e., herb community is the most sensitive one, which is followed by shrubs, and forestis the most stable one. Trees and shrubs can adapt to rocky andpoor soils. On the contrary, alpine herbs are able to adapt towetter and cooler soils. Finally, under a scenario of a temperatureof 1.5-4.5℃ increase, the present timberline will be relativelystable but treeline and tree-species line will move upward.     

甲醛,乙醛,丙烯醛衍生物的特性研究

合成了环境重要污染物甲醛、乙醛和丙烯醛的衍生物－２，４－二硝基苯腙，应用熔点法、元素分析和核磁共振技术鉴定了３种苯腙的结构与纯度，应用毛细管气相色谱法研究了３种衍生物的某些色谱性质，结果表明：这３种希夫碱可以作为标准品来测定环境空气中微量低分子醛类蒸气。     

2-萘胺的代谢及其活化机理的研究

经诱导的大鼠肝微粒体S9制剂与2-萘胺一起培养,代谢产物经鉴定有以下4种:2-氨基—5-萘酚,2-氨基—6-萘酚,2-氨基—7萘酚和2-氨基—8-萘酚,其生成数量不等.2-萘胺的8-,5-,6-和7-位酚的相对含量依次为52.6％,28.5％,14.0％和4.9％.上述的比例与用双区理论计算和推导的结果是一致的,表明在代谢中芳胺的氨基与异环碳皆起着活化与脱毒的双重作用.     

煤沥青烟气对职业接触人群姐妹染色单体交换的影响

利用姐妹染色单体交换率（ＳＣＥ）的增加与否，作为细胞遗传毒理学的指标来评价一些理化因子的诱变性，是检测化学致突的方法之一，通过对某碳素厂接触生产性煤焦沥青烟气的工人人体外周血淋巴细胞ＳＣＥ观察表明，车间接触组工人ＳＣＥ明显高于非接触组工人（约１．６７倍）；在接触线组中，在者ＳＣＥ高于非吸烟者；同为吸烟者，接触组工人ＳＣＥ高于非接触组工人（约１．４８倍）。结果提示示煤焦沥青烟尘能引起工人ＳＣＥ的改变     

Photocatalytic decolourization of reactive dyes

The photocatalytic degradation of reactive dyes with solar-irradiated TiO2 was investigated in these experiments which showed that: (1)the decolourization efficiency are determined by pH value, catalyst amount and light intensity; (2) the reactive dyes decolourized rapidly (cleavageld be biologically degradated more easily, the toxicity decreased considerably after photodegradation.The results demonstrated that the photocatalytic process would become an efficient and safe method for colour wastewater treatment and would be very useful for explaining the reaction mechanism and decolourising structure-reactivity relationship. of the azo linkage), but the intermediates needed more time to transform to further degradation products, and finally to produce CO2; (3) the main products were identified to be alkanes and alkyl amines which cou