酶联免疫快速检测技术在太湖流域微囊藻毒素污染调查中的应用研究

采用酶联免疫(ELISA)法对2008年5～11月环太湖水域及太湖下游嘉兴河网水体中微囊藻毒素(MC)的污染状况进行了调查.结果表明,ELISA法对环太湖水样的加标回收率为(98.0±6.5)%,相对标准偏差≤10.0%,准确性和再现性均良好,且具有通量高、检测速度快的特点,适于太湖流域MC污染的普查和初筛.环太湖水样中的MC-LR在2008年8、10月较高;太湖下游嘉兴河网水样中的MC-LR自2008年7月开始有检出,最高质量浓度出现在9月,为0.772μg/L;各饮用水源地水样中的MC-LR亦有检出,但未超过<地表水环境质量标准>(GB 3838-2002)规定的限值(1.0μg/L).     

Study Progress and Trends of Strategic Environmental Assessment in China

Strategic environmental assessment （SEA） in China has developed rapidly since it was introduced into China in the 1990s. Chinese government promulgated the Environmental Impact Assessment Law of China （hereinafter referred to as the EIA Law） in 2002. In this law, it is stipulated clearly that regional and sector plans should be assessed. Through investigating materials and analyzing literatures, this article analyses the practical and academic study achievements of SEA in China that have been achieved since the EIA Law was implemented, probes into the current situation of the main level of SEA in China-plan EIA, then summarizes the development characteristics, and eventually, puts forward the development trends of SEA in China. The research conclusions can offer the foundations for comprehending systematically the progress of SEA in China.     

Effects of operating parameters on in situ NH3 emission control during kitchen waste composting and correlation analysis of the related microbial communities

Ammonia emission during composting results in anthropogenic odor nuisance and reduces the agronomic value of the compost due to the loss of nitrogen. Adjusting the operating parameters during composting is an emerging in situ odor control technique that is cheap and highly efficient. The effects of in situ NH₃ emission control were investigated in this study by simultaneously adjusting key operating parameters (such as C/N ratio, aeration rate, and moisture content) during the composting processes (C1–C9). Results showed that the average NH₃ emission concentrations for different treatments were in the order of C1 > C4 > C2 > C5 > C3 > C6 > C7 > C8 > C9. The total content of NH₃ emission (21.02 g/kg) in C9 (C/N ratio = 35, aeration rate = 15 L/min, and moisture content = 60%) was much lower than that (65.95 g/kg) in C1 (C/N ratio = 15, aeration rate = 5 L/min, and moisture content = 60%). The nitrogen loss ratio was 27.36% for C1, while 16.15% for C9. The microbial diversity and abundance in C9 and C1 were compared using high-throughput sequencing. The relationship between NH₃ emission, operating parameters, and the related functional microbial communities was also investigated. Results revealed that Nitrosospira, Nitrosomonas, Nitrobacter, Pseudomonas, Methanosaeta, Rhodobacter, Paracoccus, and Sphingobacterium were negatively related to NH₃ emission. According to the above results, the optimal values for different operating parameters for the in situ NH₃ control during kitchen waste composting were, respectively, moisture content of 70%, C/N ratio of 35, and aeration rate of 15 L/min, with the order of effectiveness from high to low being aeration rate > C/N > moisture. This information could be used as a valuable reference for the in situ NH₃ emission control during kitchen waste composting.

     

Antecedents of satisfaction and engagement of low-carbon bicycle-sharing using in China

Transport sector contributed numerous carbon emissions in China. It is important to promote low-carbon bicycle-sharing using in China. This paper aims to analyze the influencing factors of the satisfaction and engagement of bicycle-sharing in China. An extended model of customer satisfaction is established, which considers both customer satisfaction theory and customer engagement theory. We explore the different effect of convenience, health, safety, and facility on satisfaction of bicycle-sharing using. We also explore the role of satisfaction on three different dimensions of engagement: enthusiasm, participation, and social interaction. Multi-group structure equation model is employed to explore the different roles of gender on the determinants of satisfaction and engagement of bicycle-sharing using. The findings reveal that facilities had the larger effect on satisfaction of bicycle-sharing using than safety and health for male. Safety had the largest influence on satisfaction of bicycle-sharing using for female, followed by facility, convenience, and health.

     

The interactive influence of personal norm and policy measures on urban resident waste separation behaviour

Journal of Material Cycles and Waste Management - To explore the factors that influence residents’ waste separation intention (WSI) and the interaction mechanism among different influencing...     

Inward foreign direct investment,outward foreign direct investment,and carbon dioxide emission intensity-threshold regression analysis based on interprovincial panel data

Environmental Science and Pollution Research - Based on the panel data of 30 provinces (except for Tibet, Hong Kong, Macao, and Taiwan) in China from 2005 to 2016, a nonlinear threshold regression...     

微波超声协同处理废弃印刷线路板中非金属

在相对温和的密闭水相环境中对废印刷线路板中非金属粉末的超声微波协同降解进行了研究。考察了单水热,单微波、单超声及微波超声协同作用下,温度、时间对非金属降解特性的影响。通过对初始物料、固相产物和液相产物的分析初步讨论了超声微波协同作用对废印刷线路板非金属的降解效果。结果表明,在200℃到280℃温度范围内,超声微波协同作用下,非金属中有机组分的降解率可以达到74.11%,固相产物主要是纯度较高的玻璃纤维,液相有机产物主要是苯酚类物质。     

外电阻对MFC型生物毒性检测器性能的影响

利用微生物燃料电池对含汞废水的生物毒性进行检测,结果表明,汞等重金属有毒物质会对阳极产电细菌的活性有一定抑制作用。汞浓度在0.5~5.0 mg/L范围内,其抑制作用的大小与重金属的浓度呈正相关;外电阻为25~35 Ω条件下,最低检测限为0.5 mg/L,最大抑制率为21.74%;外电阻越小,微生物燃料电池检测生物毒性的灵敏度也越高,响应时间越短,检测限越小。然而,外电阻太小,不利于微生物燃料电池的长期稳定运行。因此,微生物燃料电池检测生物毒性时,最佳外电阻选择范围为0.5 R内~0.7R内。     

几种室内植物去除低分子羰基化合物

为了寻求治理室内挥发性有机污染物的措施,以豆瓣绿、鹅掌柴、富贵竹和袖珍椰子等4种常见室内植物为供试材料,采用五氟苯肼/气相色谱/质谱法(PFPH/GC/MSD)分析方法和动态熏气法开展了相关植物去除4种羰基化合物(乙醛、丙酮、丙醛和丁醛)的实验研究。结果表明,在有光照(3 000 lx)下,豆瓣绿、鹅掌柴、富贵竹和袖珍椰子4种植物对污染物的去除速率(μmol/(m2·h))范围分别为:0.24 (丁醛)~1.36 (丙酮)、0.25(丁醛)~0.69(乙醛)、0.07(丁醛)~0.30(乙醛)及0.57(丙醛)~0.75(乙醛),而在无光照下,相应的植物去除速率(μmol/(m2·h))分别为:0.07(丁醛)~0.27(丙酮)、0.09(丁醛)~0.29(乙醛)、0.02(丁醛) ~0.22(乙醛)、0.13(乙醛)~0.45(丙酮),通过对比可以看出4种植物对C2~C4羰基化合物在光照下的去除效果明显优于在无光照的情况下。此外,4种供试植物对4种羰基化合物总的去除速率由大到小依次为:豆瓣绿 (169.26 μg/(m2·h))>袖珍椰子(149.23 μg/(m2·h)) > 鹅掌柴(94.44 μg/(m2·h))>富贵竹(29.85 μg /(m2·h))。     

Enhanced degradation of bisphenol S by persulfate activated with sulfide-modified nanoscale zero-valent iron

Environmental Science and Pollution Research - Sulfide-modified nanoscale zero-valent iron (S-nZVI) has been considered an efficient material to remove heavy metals and organic contaminants. The...