Postnatal nutrition influences male attractiveness and promotes plasticity in male mating preferences

Poor early-life nutrition could reduce adult reproductive success by negatively affecting traits linked to sexual attractiveness such as song complexity. If so, this might favor strategic mate choice, allowing males with less complex songs to tailor their mating tactics to maximize the reproductive benefits. However, this possibility has been ignored in theoretical and empirical studies. By manipulating the micronutrient content of the diet (e.g., low or high) during the postnatal period of male zebra finches, we show for the first time (1) that males reared on a poor (low) micronutrient diet had less complex songs as adults; (2) that these males, in contrast to the high micronutrient diet group, were more selective in their mating strategies, discriminating against those females most likely to reduce their clutch size when paired with males having less complex songs; and (3) that by following different mating strategies, males reared on the contrasting diets obtained similar reproductive benefits. These results suggest that early-life dietary conditions can induce multiple and long-lasting effects on male and female reproductive traits. Moreover, the results seem to reflect a previously unreported case of adaptive plasticity in mate choice in response to a nutritionally mediated reduction in sexual attractiveness.     

硫酸盐还原菌包覆矿石控制酸性废水排放及碳源的优选研究

本研究基于实验室筛选、培养的硫酸盐还原菌(Sulfate-reducing bacteria,简称SRB)菌群,分别考察以麦芽糊精、污泥、乙醇、乳酸钠等为碳源时SRB的生长状况,同时模拟野外环境进行柱淋滤实验,分析在不同碳源作用下原位控制酸性矿山废水的效果.结果表明,采用这4种碳源时,SRB还原硫酸盐能力的大小依次为:...     

High heterogeneity of bacterioplankton community shaped by spatially structured environmental factors in West Lake,a typical urban lake in eastern China

Environmental Science and Pollution Research - Elucidating the bacterioplankton spatial distribution patterns and its determinants is a central topic in ecological research. However, research on...     

内置转盘式膜-生物反应器处理污水的工艺条件研究

对内置转盘式膜-生物反应器(SRMBR)处理污水工艺进行了研究.进水COD 160～368 mg/L时,出水COD在运行1d后降低到20 mg/L以下,去除率大于90%;转盘式膜组件的转速在0～25 r/min范围内,平衡膜通量随转速增大而快速增加,继续增大转速则平衡膜通量的增加变得不显著;在一定范围(0～1min)内延长停抽时间有助于缓解膜污染;SRMBR在较低的气水比(15∶1)下运行,也可达到较高的平衡膜通量.研究表明,SRMBR在最佳组合操作条件(转速为25r/min,抽/停为9min/1min,气水比为15∶1,抽吸压力为25kPa)下运行,其平衡膜通量高达53.75L/(m²·h).     

聚合氯化铝-腐殖酸(PACl-HA)絮体的物理与分形特征研究

采用低温急速冷冻-真空干燥技术制备了PACl-HA絮体的粉末样品,研究了这些样品的物理与分形特征.结果表明,PACl-HA絮体具有无定形结构,主要组成元素为C、O、Al,所含特征官能团保留了絮体组成原料的一些特征;絮体的BET比表面积为130～161 m²·g^-1,BJH累积吸附孔体积为0.38～0.52 cm³·g^-1,BJH脱附平均孔径为7.7～9.6nm,PSD峰值对应孔径8.4～11.2nm.PACl-HA絮体具有自相似性的粗糙表面,呈现多尺度分形特征;图象法和N₂吸附/脱附等温线法确定的表面分形维数Ds分别为2.03～2.26、2.24～2.37,前者的分形尺度大约处于23～390nm之间,主要属于絮体外表面尺度,而后者的分形特征尺度区间的下限大约为0.2nm,属于孔表面尺度;另外,对同一絮体,N₂吸附法和脱附法确定的孔表面分形维数不同.热力学模型计算出的D_s远大于3,与Sahouli等的研究不符.     

城市景观水污染现状及处理技术

城市景观水体由于水质恶化而渐渐影响附近居民的正常生活,要从根本上保证水质需采取一定的水源保护和水处理措施。在景观水处理中,适用于景观水处理的工艺有很多,但工程实施中需要对其进行选择、优化、组合。随着社会不断发展和人们生活质量要求不断提高,景观水处理也必将成为继生活用水处理、工业用水处理后的又一给水处理新领域。     

Occurrence,sorption, and transformation of free and conjugated natural steroid estrogens in the environment

Environmental Science and Pollution Research - Natural steroid estrogens (NSEs), including free estrogens (FEs) and conjugated estrogens (CEs), are of emerging concern globally among public and...     

高强度好氧生物反应器处理制药废水的启动和稳定性试验研究

高强度好氧反应器(jet-loop compact reactor,JLCR)采用射流曝气强制溶氧.对JLCR处理制药废水进行了试验研究,考察了JLCR的运行效果、反应器的启动与污泥驯化、抗冲击负荷性能以及污泥沉降性能等.初步结果表明,该系统启动时间较短,运行稳定,COD去除效果较好.进水COD为8000 mg/L左右时,去除率达到80%.     

米糠生物质解毒含铬(Ⅵ)水溶液的研究

农林生物质是一种成本低、环境友好的重金属废水处理材料,也是受重金属污染环境的修复材料之一.实验讨论了初始pH值、米糠用量、吸附时间对含铬(Ⅵ)水溶液解毒的影响.结果表明,米糠对Cr(Ⅵ)存在吸附作用,同时也有解毒还原能力.100 mL浓度为100 mg/L的含铬溶液,在初始pH为2、米糠用量为3 g、吸附-反应平衡时间7 h的条件下,生物质吸附去除溶液中的铬为14.4%,而原溶液中Cr(Ⅵ)解毒了57.2%,米糠生物质吸附总铬的能力为0.48 mg Cr/g(生物质).米糠生物质有潜在的吸附铬和修复受铬污染环境的利用价值.     

运动鞋鞋底防滑性能的研究进展

本文论述了国内外在鞋底防滑性能方面的研究现状,对其发展趋势做了预测,有助于进一步研究鞋底的防滑性能,以提高运动鞋的质量,对着穿者在运动中的保护起到更好的作用,有助于运动质量的提高。