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991.
992.
针对榨菜废水中较高的盐度对微生物的抑制和处理效能不稳定问题,开展电化学法处理高盐榨菜废水的实验研究。利用响应面法(RSM)探讨了榨菜废水COD的去除率与电流密度、极板间距和pH值之间的关系。通过Design-Ex-pert 7.1数据处理软件得到一个二次响应曲面模型以及优化的水平值。结果表明,最佳反应条件为电流密度为12.37 A/dm2,极板间距为18.82 mm,pH为5.92,此条件下COD去除率为83.21%(预测值为83.25%)。二次响应曲面方差分析结果表明,回归模型达到显著性水平,在研究区域内拟合较好,模型的精密度、可信度和精确度均在可行范围内,与实验结果吻合程度较高。 相似文献
993.
JZ9-3油田含聚采油污水粘度高、稳定性强,严重影响到现场污水处理流程和设备的运行。为解决这一问题,通过对JZ9-3油田污水处理流程和单元设备的模拟,进行了现场3种净水剂和不同含聚量的含油污水对斜管除油器、气浮选器和过滤器的影响研究。阳离子型净水剂BHQ-203和ICA的除油效果较阴离子型净水剂BHQ-08的除油效果好,能起吸附电中和及架桥作用,斜管除油器处理不同含聚含油污水后其含油量由263.2 mg/L下降到20.73 mg/L,气浮选器的除油率9%~34%,过滤器在进水含油较低(<50 mg/L)的情况下,起到强化除油的作用;含聚量增加,过滤后悬浮物量呈下降趋势,过滤困难,含聚量达到一定值(>600 mg/L)后无法分析悬浮物量;斜管除油器、气浮选器和过滤器出口水样的ζ电位值在-22.5~-42 mV,随含聚量的增加而变小,污水稳定性增加。研究结果用以指导现场工艺设备的改造。 相似文献
994.
995.
在2008年和2009年对杭州地区17个大中型水库进行了调查。结果表明:杭州地区大中型水库水质不容乐观,按照单因子指标评价法,只有3个水库符合Ⅱ类水体标准,2个水库符合Ⅲ类水体标准,2个水库为Ⅳ类水体,3个水库为Ⅴ类水体,其余7个水库均为劣Ⅴ类水体,定类指标均是总氮。根据综合营养状态指数结果:丰水期2个水库处于贫营养状态,13个水库处于中营养状态,2个水库处于轻度富营养状态;枯水期16个水库处于中营养状态,1个水库处于中度富营养状态。总氮和总磷作为营养物质是这些水库富营养化的主要影响因素。位于山区源头地区的水库水质最好,位于平原城乡附近的水库其次,位于城市下游及城区附近的水库水质最差 相似文献
996.
青竹江水环境耗氧污染物含量分布特征及质量评价 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
本文对青竹江水环境中耗氧污染物(CODCr、BOD5和NH3-N)含量分布特征进行了探讨,并对青竹江的水质质量进行评价。结果表明,青竹江从上游到下游水体中污染物含量为增加趋势,在时间上也存在一定的变化,枯水期水体中污染物含量高于平水期和丰水期,目前青竹江综合水质可满足Ⅱ类水质标准要求。 相似文献
997.
The effects of snow regimes (including the depth and duration of snow cover) on soil N dynamics and microbial activity in situ were explored in the alpine belt of the eastern Tibetan Plateau. Deeper snow-cover reduced NH 4 + -N content, microbial biomass carbon and nitrogen, fungi count, and enzyme activities, whereas did not change net N mineralization. No differences in N pools in the soil, microbial biomass, microbial counts, and enzyme activity were found under the different duration of snow cover, showing that accumulation and release in soil N pools did not be significantly changed by earlier continuous snow cover. 相似文献
998.
Aerobic biodegradation of decabromodiphenyl ether (PBDE-209) by Pseudomonas aeruginosa under the influence of co-metabolic substrates and heavy metal cadmium ion was studied, The results showed that certain amount of co-metabolic substrates, such as glucose, sucrose, lactose, starch, and beef extract, would promote the biodegradation of PBDE-209, among which glucose most favorably accelerated PBDE-209 degradation by about 36% within 5 d. The highest degradation efficiency was reached at the ratio of PBDE-209 and glucose 1:5 while excessive carbon source would actually hamper the degradation efficiency. Exploration of influences of cadmium ion on PBDE-209 biodegradation indicated that degradation efficiency was stimulated at low concentrations of Cd2+ (0.5–2 mg L−1) while inhibited at higher levels (5–10 mg L−1), inferring that the heavy metals of different concentrations possessed mixed reactions on PBDE-209 bioremoval. Bromine ion was produced during the biotransformation process and its concentration had a good negative correlation with the residues of PBDE-209. Two nonabromodiphenyl ethers (PBDE-208, PBDE-207), four octabromodiphenyl ethers (PBDE-203, PBDE-202, PBDE-197, PBDE-196) and one heptabromodiphenyl ethers (PBDE-183) were formed with the decomposition of PBDE-209, demonstrating that the main aerobic transformation mechanism of PBDE-209 was debromination. 相似文献
999.
The contamination of fresh water with pharmaceutical and personal care products (PPCPs) has risen during the last few years. The adsorption of some PPCPs namely, Diclofenac-Na, Naproxen, Gemfibrozil and Ibuprofen from aqueous solution has been studied, magnetic nanoparticles coated zeolite (MNCZ) has been used as the adsorbent. Batch adsorption experiment was conducted to study the influences of different adsorption parameters such as contact time, solution pH and PPCPs concentrations in order to optimize the reaction conditions. The removal was favored at low pH values. Thus, as pH turns from acidic to basic conditions these compounds were less efficiently removed. The initial concentration does not appear to exert a noticeable effect on the removal efficiency of the studied PPCPs at low concentrations, but it showed less removal efficiency during high concentration of PPCPs especially for Ibuprofen. The removal of Diclofenac-Na was independent on time, while the contact time was of significant effect on the adsorption of Naproxen, Gemfibrozil and Ibuprofen even though these compounds were removed up to 95% during 10 min using MNCZ. From the isotherm adsorption study, the adsorption of PPCPs studied on MNCZ was best fitted with Freundlich isotherm equation. Pseudo-second order model providing the best fit model with the experimental data. Column adsorption study was conducted to compare the removal efficiency of MNCZ with other processes used at drinking water treatment plants (DWTPs), MNCZ showed high removal efficiency (>99%) than other used processes at DWTPs. 相似文献
1000.
Enhanced sorption of perfluorooctane sulfonate (PFOS) on carbon nanotube-filled electrospun nanofibrous membranes 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
Multi-walled carbon nanotube-filled electrospun nanofibrous membranes (MWCNT-ENFMs) were prepared by electrospinning. The addition of MWCNTs (0.5 wt.% vs. ENFMs) doubled the specific surface area and tensile strength of the ENFMs. The MWCNT-ENFMs were used to adsorb perfluorooctane sulfonate (PFOS) in aqueous solutions. The sorption kinetics results showed that the sorption rate of PFOS onto the MWCNT-ENFMs was much higher than the sorption rate of PFOS onto the pure ENFMs control, and the pseudo-second-order model (PSOM) described the sorption kinetics well. The sorption isotherms indicated that the sorption capacity of the MWCNT-ENFMs for PFOS (16.29 ± 0.26 μmol g−1) increased approximately 18 times, compared with the pure ENFMs (0.92 ± 0.06 μmol g−1). Moreover, the solution pH significantly affected the sorption efficiency and sorption mechanism. The MWCNT-ENFMs were negatively charged from pH 2.0–10.0, but the electrostatic repulsion between the MWCNT-ENFMs and PFOS was overcome by the hydrophobic interactions between PFOS and the MWCNTs or nanofibers. The strong hydrophobic interactions between PFOS and the MWCNTs played a dominant role in the sorption process. For the pure ENFMs, the electrostatic repulsion was conquered by the hydrophobic interactions between PFOS and the nanofibers at pH > 3.1. In addition to the hydrophobic interactions, an electrostatic attraction between PFOS and the pure ENFMs was involved in the sorption process at pH < 3.1. 相似文献