岷江干流（成都段）水体污染防治对策研究

本文通过对岷江干流（成都段）地表水和地下水的综合研究，分别提出了地表水污染防治对策和地下水水质防护措施，划分出了地表水防治不同时期的目标以及地下水开采管理目标。     

JHX新型浮选机在处理含油污水中的应用

介绍JHX新型高效射流浮选机在处理含油污水中的应用，考察各种工艺条件下JHX浮选机的工作情况，JHX浮选机由于其独特的发泡原理和结构设计，对含油污水有很高的除油效率。     

Role of illumination intensity in microcystin development using Microcystis aeruginosa as the model algae

Environmental Science and Pollution Research - Microcystis aeruginosa (M. aeruginosa) is one of the most common genera of cyanobacteria in algal blooms. In the present work, the impact of the...     

改性氧化铝微波诱导催化氧化处理高浓度苯酚废水的研究

采用微波诱导催化氧化技术,以改性氧化铝为催化剂,对高浓度模拟苯酚废水进行氧化处理。考察了微波功率、催化剂投加量、H202投加量、废水pH值和微波反应时间等因素对苯酚去除效果的影响。实验结果表明,处理30mL质量浓度为1 100mg/L的苯酚模拟废水,在微波功率500W,催化剂加入量1 g(液固比30∶1),30％双氧水...     

3种氨基糖苷类抗生素对水生生物的时间依赖联合毒性作用比较

以3种氨基糖苷类(AG)抗生素:硫酸安普霉素(APR)、双氢链霉素(DIH)和硫酸链霉素(STS)为研究对象,以生态系统中2类重要的水生生物分解者如青海弧菌(Vibrio qinghaiensis sp.-Q67,Q67)和生产者蛋白核小球藻(Chlorella pyrenoidosa,CP)为受试生物,运用均匀设计射线法设计抗生素三元混合物体系,共5条具有不同浓度配比的射线,应用已建立的分别基于Q67和CP的时间毒性微板分析法系统测试抗生素及其三元混合物射线对Q67和CP在不同暴露时间的毒性。对于Q67和CP,暴露时间分别为0.25、2、4、8、12 h和12、24、48、72、96 h。应用浓度加和(CA)模型分析混合物在不同暴露时间的毒性相互作用。结果表明:APR、DIH和STS及其5条混合物射线对2种指示生物的毒性均具有明显的时间依赖性,且Q67对AG抗生素及其混合物射线的响应比CP的灵敏;以半数效应浓度的负对数p EC50值为毒性大小指标,3种抗生素对2种指示生物的毒性大小顺序随暴露时间的变化而变化,3种AG抗生素对Q67和CP分别在12 h和96 h的毒性大小顺序均为STSDIHAPR;5条具有不同浓度配比的混合物射线对Q67在不同暴露时间的毒性均呈加和作用,但对CP的毒性既有加和作用也有拮抗作用,且拮抗作用随暴露时间和组分浓度配比的变化而变化,表明AG抗生素毒性的联合毒性作用与暴露生物、暴露时间以及混合物组分的浓度配比等有关。     

不同碳源条件下草菇内切型纤维素酶基因（eg1）转录表达的分析

利用Northernblot方法分析了不同碳源条件下草菇切型纤维素酶基因(eg1)的表达.结果发现,在含有纤维素的液体培养基中生长10d,eg1在草菇菌丝中有高效表达;纤维二糖、α-乳糖、β-乳糖,也能诱导eg1的表达,但和纤维素相比,eg1的表达量相对较低,并且它们的诱导效应在加入这类糖12h后迅速减弱;槐糖和龙胆二糖的诱导作用非常弱.在天然稻草为基质的固体栽培料生长时,草菇eg1的表达和草菇菌丝生长与出菇相对应,在菌丝生长期(d8)可见eg1的表达,d12时菌丝已长满,表达减弱,在出菇及菇体的分化及增大期,eg1的表达量逐渐增强,在成熟期达到最高水平;表明在草菇菇体发育中需要更多碳源及能源的补充,eg1在这方面起着非常重要的作用.图4参14     

软锰矿浆烟气同步脱硫脱硝资源化利用新工艺

燃煤烟气中的SO2和NOx是大气中重要的污染物,开发高效、经济的同步脱硫脱硝技术是环保领域的研究热点。针对现有同步脱硫脱硝技术存在的氧化剂成本较高和产物不能资源化利用等突出问题,提出了软锰矿浆烟气同步脱硫脱硝,并副产硫酸锰和硝酸锰的资源化新工艺。研究结果表明:软锰矿浆可以有效的脱除烟气中的SO2和NOx,反应产物分别为硫酸锰和硝酸锰。在烟道中注入臭氧,将难溶于水的NO快速氧化为NO2,可大大提高脱硝效率,在O3/NO=1.2的条件下可以达到72%的脱硝率、90%的脱硫率和85%的锰浸出率;吸收液经过空气氧化除铁和加入铜试剂除重金属后,结晶分离溶液得到的硫酸锰和硝酸锰可分别达到HG/T 2962—1999标准的硫酸锰产品和HG/T 3817—2006标准的工业硝酸锰产品要求。该工艺实现了SO2和NOx污染治理与低品位软锰矿资源化利用的双重目的,为SO2和NOx的资源化污染治理技术的开发和应用提供了新的思路。     

公害民事责任三论

当今，公害已成为公众十分关注的社会问题之一。为维护我国公民的合法权益，我国环境保护法律体系中，对公害造成的社会性危害作了具体规定，文章对民事责任基本从三方面作了比较系统完整的探讨。公害民事责任的法律规定。公害民事责任的特点，公害民事责任与资源破坏民事责任的关系，在公害民事责任与一般民事责任关系的分析中，阐述了追公害民事责任的法律依据和公害民事责任是一种特殊的侵权的民事责任的特性。     

Speciation of organic phosphorus in a sediment profile of Lake Taihu II. Molecular species and their depth attenuation

The understanding of organic phosphorus(P) dynamics in sediments requires information on their species at the molecular level,but such information in sediment profiles is scarce.A sediment profile was selected from a large eutrophic lake,Lake Taihu(China),and organic P species in the sediments were detected using solution phosphorus-31 nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy(31 P NMR) following extraction of the sediments with a mixture of 0.25 mol/L NaOH and 50 mmol/L EDTA(NaOH-EDTA) solution.The results showed that P in the NaOH-EDTA extracts was mainly composed of orthophosphate,orthophosphate monoesters,phospholipids,DNA,and pyrophosphate.Concentrations of the major organic P compound groups and pyrophosphate showed a decreasing trend with the increase of depth.Their half-life times varied from 3 to 27 years,following the order of orthophosphate monoesters > phospholipids DNA > pyrophosphate.Principal component analysis revealed that the detected organic P species had binding phases similar to those of humic acid-associated organic P(NaOH-NRP HA),a labile organic P pool that tends to transform to recalcitrant organic P pools as the early diagenetic processes proceed.This demonstrated that the depth attenuation of the organic P species could be partly attributed to their increasing immobilization by the sediment solids,while their degradation rates should be significantly lower than what were suggested in previous studies.     

Improve Compliance with Limited Resources by a Three-Group Inspection Regime

Frequent monitoring and relatively high fines are usually necessary to bring about improvements in environmental quality, but more challenging for many countries with limited human, material, and financial resources is to put them into practice. This paper developed a three-group model of a state-dependent enforcement in a repeated game to improve the policy implementation under limited inspection capacities. A certain number of firms are grouped (group 1, group 2, group 3) for different supervision intensity (e.g., the order of inspection probability corresponding to each group is p ₁?<?p ₂?<?p ₃) based on their environmental performance. The optimal policy parameters, such as inspection probability of each group and the probability that a firm found in compliance is moved to a better reputation group, were obtained as the basis for regulator’s policy making. Numerical simulations indicated that the three-group inspection regime can significantly increase compliance rate as compared with static enforcement with the same monitoring probability. Among the number of firms in each group under steady state conditions, group 2 had the most, group 1 was the second, and group 3 had the smallest. Analysis and prediction of a three-group reputation example provided a good experiment for the model. The results give a practical reference for the policy makers with inspection capacity constraints to achieve higher compliance rate.